Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.124.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒षा उ॒च्छन्ती॑ समिधा॒ने अ॒ग्ना उ॒द्यन्त्सूर्य॑ उर्वि॒या ज्योति॑रश्रेत् । दे॒वो नो॒ अत्र॑ सवि॒ता न्वर्थं॒ प्रासा॑वीद्द्वि॒पत्प्र चतु॑ष्पदि॒त्यै ॥
उषा उच्छन्ती समिधाने अग्ना उद्यन्त्सूर्य उर्विया ज्योतिरश्रेत् । देवो नो अत्र सविता न्वर्थं प्रासावीद्द्विपत्प्र चतुष्पदित्यै ॥
uṣā ucchantī samidhāne agnā udyan sūrya urviyā jyotir aśret | devo no atra savitā nv artham prāsāvīd dvipat pra catuṣpad ityai ||
English translation:
“When the (sacred) fire is kindled, Uṣā sheds abundant light, dispersing (the darkness) like the rising sun; may the divine Savitābestow upon usfor our use, wealth of both bipeds and quadrupeds.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
For our use: ityatai, lit. = for going; i.e. for carrying on our own affairs
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kakṣīvān dairghatamasaḥ auśijaḥ [kakṣīvān dairghatamasa auśija];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒षाः । उ॒च्छन्ती॑ । स॒म्ऽइध॒ा॒ने । अ॒ग्नौ । उ॒त्ऽयन् । सूर्यः॑ । उ॒र्वि॒या । ज्योतिः॑ । अ॒श्रे॒त् । दे॒वः । नः॒ । अत्र॑ । स॒वि॒ता । नु । अर्थ॑म् । प्र । अ॒सा॒वी॒त् । द्वि॒ऽपत् । प्र । चतुः॑ऽपत् । इ॒त्यै ॥
उषाः । उच्छन्ती । सम्इधाने । अग्नौ । उत्यन् । सूर्यः । उर्विया । ज्योतिः । अश्रेत् । देवः । नः । अत्र । सविता । नु । अर्थम् । प्र । असावीत् । द्विपत् । प्र । चतुःपत् । इत्यै ॥
uṣāḥ | ucchantī | sam-idhāne | agnau | ut-yan | sūryaḥ | urviyā | jyotiḥ | aśret | devaḥ | naḥ | atra | savitā | nu | artham | pra | asāvīt | dvi-pat | pra | catuḥ-pat | ityai
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.124.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“dawn; shine.”
[verb noun], locative, singular
“kindle; blaze.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“rise; originate; rise; increase.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[adverb]
“wide; widely.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“situate; dwell; go; lurk; reach; rear; repose; cling to.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“now; there; then; then; there; here; here; in the following; alternatively; now.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“for; meaning; purpose; sense; wealth; object of sense; matter; aim; money; message; object; artha [word]; wealth; function; content; topic; property; situation; reason; affair; concern; reason; enterprise; reason; cause; five; application; application.”
[verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
“give birth; be born; originate; impel; propel; grow.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“biped.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“quadrupedal.”
[verb noun]
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”