Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.118.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यु॒वं धे॒नुं श॒यवे॑ नाधि॒तायापि॑न्वतमश्विना पू॒र्व्याय॑ । अमु॑ञ्चतं॒ वर्ति॑का॒मंह॑सो॒ निः प्रति॒ जङ्घां॑ वि॒श्पला॑या अधत्तम् ॥
युवं धेनुं शयवे नाधितायापिन्वतमश्विना पूर्व्याय । अमुञ्चतं वर्तिकामंहसो निः प्रति जङ्घां विश्पलाया अधत्तम् ॥
yuvaṃ dhenuṃ śayave nādhitāyāpinvatam aśvinā pūrvyāya | amuñcataṃ vartikām aṃhaso niḥ prati jaṅghāṃ viśpalāyā adhattam ||

English translation:

“You filled his cow with milk, Aśvins, for the ancient Śayu, when imploring (yoru aid); you liberated the quail from danger; you gave a leg to Viśpalā.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kakṣīvān;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यु॒वम् । धे॒नुम् । श॒यवे॑ । ना॒धि॒ताय॑ । अपि॑न्वतम् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । पू॒र्व्याय॑ । अमु॑ञ्चतम् । वर्ति॑काम् । अंह॑सः । निः । प्रति॑ । जङ्घा॑म् । वि॒श्पला॑याः । अ॒ध॒त्त॒म् ॥
युवम् । धेनुम् । शयवे । नाधिताय । अपिन्वतम् । अश्विना । पूर्व्याय । अमुञ्चतम् । वर्तिकाम् । अंहसः । निः । प्रति । जङ्घाम् । विश्पलायाः । अधत्तम् ॥
yuvam | dhenum | śayave | nādhitāya | apinvatam | aśvinā | pūrvyāya | amuñcatam | vartikām | aṃhasaḥ | niḥ | prati | jaṅghām | viśpalāyāḥ | adhattam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.118.8 English analysis of grammar]

yuvaṃ < yuvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, dual

“you.”

dhenuṃ < dhenum < dhenu

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”

śayave < śayu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

nādhitāyāpinvatam < nādhitāya < nādh

[verb noun], dative, singular

“suffer.”

nādhitāyāpinvatam < apinvatam < pinv

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“swell; swell; overflow; abound.”

aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

pūrvyāya < pūrvya

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“first; precedent; age-old; excellent; former(a).”

amuñcataṃ < amuñcatam < muc

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“liberate; emit; get rid of; shoot; release; put; tousle; secrete; fill into; shoot; spill; lose; ejaculate; exclude; free; remove; loosen; let go of; add; shed; want; save; defecate; heal; fart; open; abandon; discard; precipitate; reject; lay; unleash; exhale; discharge.”

vartikām < vartikā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“wick; paintbrush.”

aṃhaso < aṃhasaḥ < aṃhas

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“trouble; sin.”

niḥ

[adverb]

“niḥ; away; out; without.”

prati

[adverb]

“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

jaṅghāṃ < jaṅghām < jaṅghā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“shank; jaṅghā [word]; femur; thigh.”

viśpalāyā < viśpalāyai < viśpalā

[noun], dative, singular, feminine

adhattam < dhā

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

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