Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.379
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.379:
यदा निमित्तैस्तद्वन्तो गच्छन्तीव तदात्मताम् ।
भेदाश्रयं तदाख्यानमुपमानोपमेययोः ॥ ३७९ ॥yadā nimittaistadvanto gacchantīva tadātmatām |
bhedāśrayaṃ tadākhyānamupamānopameyayoḥ || 379 ||379. When those that have the common property become one, as it were, with it, then the standard and the object of comparison are mentioned as different.
Commentary
[When the standard and the object of comparison, having the common attribute, become one, as it were, with it because of the identification of the quality and the qualified with each other, then their separate mention is based on difference. In order to indicate their mutual relation, the word iva is used and then the comparison becomes complete. In gaur iva gavayaḥ etc. the standard and the object of comparison are presented as one with the common attribute. Their relation has become part of their meaning. The iva brings out this relation. Because of the use of words expressive of the standard of comparison, the object of comparison and the comparison itself, the comparison is said to be complete.]