Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.203
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.203:
पदान्तरस्थस्यार्थस्य द्योतकत्वान्न युज्यते ।
निपातो लिङ्गसङ्खयाभ्यां द्वन्द्वस्त्वर्थस्य वाचकः ॥ २०३ ॥padāntarasthasyārthasya dyotakatvānna yujyate |
nipāto liṅgasaṅkhayābhyāṃ dvandvastvarthasya vācakaḥ || 203 ||203. Being only indicative (dyotaka) of the meaning of another word, a particle is not endowed with gender and number. A dvandva, on the other hand, is expressive of concrete substance.
Commentary
[Even though the external object remains the same, the meanings of words expressive of it differ according to difference in their expessive power. As a dvandva expresses substance (sattva) the meaning of ca which is asattva is said to disappear in it. This is an instance of the difference between what is expressive (vācaka) and what is only indicative (dyotaka) and it has already been pointed out (See verses 194 and 195.]