Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.123
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.123:
दृष्टो गार्ग्यतरे भेदस्तथा गर्गतरा इति ।
युष्मत्पिता त्वत्पितेति तथादेशौ व्यवस्थितौ ॥ १२३ ॥dṛṣṭo gārgyatare bhedastathā gargatarā iti |
yuṣmatpitā tvatpiteti tathādeśau vyavasthitau || 123 ||123. In gārgyatara and gargatarāḥ one sees differentiation and it is on that basis that in regard to yuṣmatpitā and tvatpitā, substitutes are regulated.
Commentary
[Moreover, P. 2.4.64 teaches the elision of the apatya suffix yañ and añ in the plural. That means that where there is no elision, the singular and the dual numbers would be understood as in gārgyatara and the plural must be understood in gargatarāḥ where yañ has been elided. If a particular number is understood, how can there be abhedaikatva. Similarly, when followed by a suffix or the second constituent of a compound, tva and ma take the place of yuṣma and asma of yuṣmad and asmad in the singular. Thus we get tvadīya and madīya, tvattaraḥ, mattaraḥ, tvatputraḥ and matputraḥ. In the dual and plural, we have yuṣmadīya, asmadīya etc. All this means that in these words, the first element expresses a particular number and not abhedaikatva.]
The above objections are answered as follows—