Verse 3.14.46

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.46:

तुल्यश्रुतित्वात् तत्त्वेऽपि राजादीनामुपाश्रिते ।
वृत्तौ विशेषणाकाङ्क्षाऽगमकत्वान्निवर्तते ॥ ४६ ॥

tulyaśrutitvāt tattve'pi rājādīnāmupāśrite |
vṛttau viśeṣaṇākāṅkṣā'gamakatvānnivartate || 46 ||

46. Even if secondary words like rājan are looked upon as identical with words like rājan (occurring in a sentence) because of similarity of sounds, still while it is part of a compound it can have no connection with a qualifier (outside the compound) as it would then be incapable of conveying the intended meaning.

Commentary

[One consequence of the fact that in a compound integration of meaning takes place is as follows—If we take the compound rājapuruṣaḥ, the two words rājan and puruṣa seem to be the same as in the sentence rajñaḥ puruṣaḥ. But there is a difference. We can say ṛddhaya rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ = ‘the prosperous king’s man’ but we cannot say ṛddhasya rājapuruṣaḥ. The secondary word in a compound cannot be qualified by a word outside the compound, because the secondary word is linked to the primary word of the compound (puruṣa). It is not independent. That is not the case in a sentence. There the word rājan is independent. The word rāja in the compound looks like the other word and we identify them. But they are not the same. That is why the secondary word in the compound cannot be qualified by a word outside the compound. If it does, the intended meaning would not be conveyed.]

It is now stated that where the intended meaning is conveyed, the secondary word can be connected with an outside qualifier.