Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 2.329
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.329:
क्रियार्थोपपदेष्वेवं स्थानिनां गम्यते क्रिया ।
वृत्तौ निरादिभिश्चैव क्रान्ताद्यर्थोऽवगम्यते ॥ ३२९ ॥kriyārthopapadeṣvevaṃ sthānināṃ gamyate kriyā |
vṛttau nirādibhiścaiva krāntādyartho'vagamyate || 329 ||329. That being so, in cases where a verb denoting an action meant for something else is the proximate word, the action denoted by the unused verb is understood and so does the mere preposition like niḥ express the meaning of krānta etc. in a complex formation.
Commentary
[The purpose of this verse is to show that the supplying of non-existent word mentally is unnecessary. In the sentence edhebhyo vrajati, the verb expresses an action meant for some other action, the word for which is not mentioned but is understood from the word edhebhyaḥ = ‘for fuel’, that is, for bringing fuel. The action of bringing is understood from the word for fuel itself. That is why P.2.3.14 has been declared to be unnecessary, as the fourth case ending in edhebhyaḥ can come by tādarthye catuarthi [?]. Similarly, in nīṣkauśāmbiḥ, niḥ by itself can express the idea of krāntaḥ.
The Vṛtti remarks as follows:—edhebhyo vrajatītyasmin vākye edhebhya ityevamādinā gatārthatvād āharaṇakriyārthaṃ pṛthak śabdo na prayujyate.]
If half a sentence can express the meaning of the full sentence and both are sentences, what is the use of ever using the full sentence?