Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.38.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्व॒वृजं॒ हि त्वाम॒हमि॑न्द्र शु॒श्रवा॑नानु॒दं वृ॑षभ रध्र॒चोद॑नम् । प्र मु॑ञ्चस्व॒ परि॒ कुत्सा॑दि॒हा ग॑हि॒ किमु॒ त्वावा॑न्मु॒ष्कयो॑र्ब॒द्ध आ॑सते ॥
स्ववृजं हि त्वामहमिन्द्र शुश्रवानानुदं वृषभ रध्रचोदनम् । प्र मुञ्चस्व परि कुत्सादिहा गहि किमु त्वावान्मुष्कयोर्बद्ध आसते ॥
svavṛjaṃ hi tvām aham indra śuśravānānudaṃ vṛṣabha radhracodanam | pra muñcasva pari kutsād ihā gahi kim u tvāvān muṣkayor baddha āsate ||
English translation:
“Indra, showerer of benefits, I have heard of you, the self-mutilator, the giver of unexpected strength,encouragin the prosperous; set yourself free from Kutsa, and come here; how should such a one as you remainso bound?”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Set yourself free: Legend: Kutsa and Luśa summoned Indra at the same time to their respectivesacrifices; Indra first went to Kutsa, wo detained Indra, fastening him by the scrutum with a hundred leatherpieces. Luśa addresses this ṛca to Indra, exhorting him to free himself. cf. Śāṭyāyana Brāhmaṇa andChandoga Brāhmaṇa
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): indro muṣkavān [indra muṣkavān];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्व॒ऽवृज॑म् । हि । त्वाम् । अ॒हम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । शु॒श्रव॑ । अ॒न॒नु॒ऽदम् । वृ॒ष॒भ॒ । र॒ध्र॒ऽचोद॑नम् । प्र । मु॒ञ्च॒स्व॒ । परि॑ । कुत्सा॑त् । इ॒ह । आ । ग॒हि॒ । किम् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । त्वाऽवा॑न् । मु॒ष्कयोः॑ । ब॒द्धः । आ॒स॒ते॒ ॥
स्ववृजम् । हि । त्वाम् । अहम् । इन्द्र । शुश्रव । अननुदम् । वृषभ । रध्रचोदनम् । प्र । मुञ्चस्व । परि । कुत्सात् । इह । आ । गहि । किम् । ऊँ इति । त्वावान् । मुष्कयोः । बद्धः । आसते ॥
sva-vṛjam | hi | tvām | aham | indra | śuśrava | ananu-dam | vṛṣabha | radhra-codanam | pra | muñcasva | pari | kutsāt | iha | ā | gahi | kim | oṃ iti | tvāvān | muṣkayoḥ | baddhaḥ | āsate
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.38.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“I; mine.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“firm.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[noun]
“obedient; powerless; weak.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“liberate; emit; get rid of; shoot; release; put; tousle; secrete; fill into; shoot; spill; lose; ejaculate; exclude; free; remove; loosen; let go of; add; shed; want; save; defecate; heal; fart; open; abandon; discard; precipitate; reject; lay; unleash; exhale; discharge.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“Kutsa; kutsa [word].”
[adverb]
“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Aorist imperative
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[adverb]
“why; ka [pronoun]; if; how.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], locative, dual, masculine
“scrotum; testis; Schrebera swietenioides Roxb.; muṣka [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bandh; tie; envelop; close; dress; wrap; bind; constipate; fixate; shape; paralyze; construct; bandage; compress; beset; oblige; strap; restrain; bind; gesticulate; wear; bar; bandh; connect; stud; mix; obstruct; write; restrain; bind; persecute; enclose; ligature; fill into; fasten.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“sit; stay; sit down; dwell; lie; lie; exist.”