Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.19.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वं धृ॑ष्णो धृष॒ता वी॒तह॑व्यं॒ प्रावो॒ विश्वा॑भिरू॒तिभि॑: सु॒दास॑म् । प्र पौरु॑कुत्सिं त्र॒सद॑स्युमाव॒: क्षेत्र॑साता वृत्र॒हत्ये॑षु पू॒रुम् ॥
त्वं धृष्णो धृषता वीतहव्यं प्रावो विश्वाभिरूतिभिः सुदासम् । प्र पौरुकुत्सिं त्रसदस्युमावः क्षेत्रसाता वृत्रहत्येषु पूरुम् ॥
tvaṃ dhṛṣṇo dhṛṣatā vītahavyam prāvo viśvābhir ūtibhiḥ sudāsam | pra paurukutsiṃ trasadasyum āvaḥ kṣetrasātā vṛtrahatyeṣu pūrum ||

English translation:

“Undaunted (Indra), you had protected with all your protections Sudāsa, the offerer of oblations; youhave protected in battles with enemies for the possession of the earth Trasadasyu, the son of Purukutsa, andPuru.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । धृ॒ष्णो॒ इति॑ । धृ॒ष॒ता । वी॒तऽह॑व्यम् । प्र । आ॒वः॒ । विश्वा॑भिः । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । सु॒ऽदास॑म् । प्र । पौरु॑ऽकुत्सिम् । त्र॒सद॑स्युम् । आ॒वः॒ । क्षेत्र॑ऽसाता । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहत्ये॑षु । पू॒रुम् ॥
त्वम् । धृष्णो इति । धृषता । वीतहव्यम् । प्र । आवः । विश्वाभिः । ऊतिभिः । सुदासम् । प्र । पौरुकुत्सिम् । त्रसदस्युम् । आवः । क्षेत्रसाता । वृत्रहत्येषु । पूरुम् ॥
tvam | dhṛṣṇo iti | dhṛṣatā | vīta-havyam | pra | āvaḥ | viśvābhiḥ | ūti-bhiḥ | su-dāsam | pra | pauru-kutsim | trasadasyum | āvaḥ | kṣetra-sātā | vṛtra-hatyeṣu | pūrum

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.19.3 English analysis of grammar]

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

dhṛṣṇo < dhṛṣṇu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“brave; ferocious; strong.”

dhṛṣatā < dhṛṣ

[verb noun], instrumental, singular

“dare; attack.”

vītahavyam < vīta <

[verb noun]

“approach; ask; desire; go; drive.”

vītahavyam < havyam < havya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Havya; offering; havya [word].”

prāvo < prāvaḥ < prāv < √av

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“help; promote.”

viśvābhir < viśvābhiḥ < viśva

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

ūtibhiḥ < ūti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

sudāsam < sudās

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Sudās.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

paurukutsiṃ < paurukutsim < paurukutsi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

trasadasyum < trasadasyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Trasadasyu.”

āvaḥ < av

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

kṣetrasātā < kṣetra

[noun], neuter

“field; location; habitat; country; area; earth; region; estate; body; kṣetra [word]; kṣetradoṣa; seat; reincarnation; uterus.”

kṣetrasātā < sātā < sāti

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“victory; acquisition; contest.”

vṛtrahatyeṣu < vṛtra

[noun], neuter

“enemy.”

vṛtrahatyeṣu < hatyeṣu < hatya

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“killing.”

pūrum < pūru

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Pūru; Pūru.”

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