Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.5.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्रत्य॒ग्निरु॒षस॒श्चेकि॑ता॒नोऽबो॑धि॒ विप्र॑: पद॒वीः क॑वी॒नाम् । पृ॒थु॒पाजा॑ देव॒यद्भि॒: समि॒द्धोऽप॒ द्वारा॒ तम॑सो॒ वह्नि॑रावः ॥
प्रत्यग्निरुषसश्चेकितानोऽबोधि विप्रः पदवीः कवीनाम् । पृथुपाजा देवयद्भिः समिद्धोऽप द्वारा तमसो वह्निरावः ॥
praty agnir uṣasaś cekitāno 'bodhi vipraḥ padavīḥ kavīnām | pṛthupājā devayadbhiḥ samiddho 'pa dvārā tamaso vahnir āvaḥ ||
English translation:
“The sagacious Agni, cognizant of the dawn, is awakened to (follow) the paths of the sages; the luminous Vahni, kindled by the devout, has thrown open the gates of darkness.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ [gāthina viśvāmitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्रति॑ । अ॒ग्निः । उ॒षसः॑ । चेकि॑तानः । अबो॑धि । विप्रः॑ । प॒द॒ऽवीः । क॒वी॒नाम् । पृ॒थु॒ऽपाजाः॑ । दे॒व॒यत्ऽभिः॑ । समि॑द्धः । अप॑ । द्वारा॑ । तम॑सः । वह्निः॑ । आ॒व॒रित्या॑वः ॥
प्रति । अग्निः । उषसः । चेकितानः । अबोधि । विप्रः । पदवीः । कवीनाम् । पृथुपाजाः । देवयत्भिः । समिद्धः । अप । द्वारा । तमसः । वह्निः । आवरित्यावः ॥
prati | agniḥ | uṣasaḥ | cekitānaḥ | abodhi | vipraḥ | pada-vīḥ | kavīnām | pṛthu-pājāḥ | devayat-bhiḥ | samiddhaḥ | apa | dvārā | tamasaḥ | vahniḥ | āvar ity āvaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.5.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“chew over.”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“eloquent; stimulated; divine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[noun]
“broad; wide; great; flat; pṛthu [word]; far.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“luminosity; look.”
[verb noun], instrumental, plural
“solicit.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kindle; blaze.”
[adverb]
“away.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“aperture; gate; door; mouth; vagina; orifice; dvāra [word]; pass; opening; means; entrance.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; Agni; vahni; draft horse; three; sacrificial fire; Vahni; gold; southeast; citron; charioteer; leader.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”