Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes the process of combination which is verse 5.37 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 37 of the chapter The Non-living Substances and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 5.37 - The process of combination
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 5.37:
बन्धेऽधिको पारिणामिकौ च ॥ ५.३७ ॥
bandhe'dhiko pāriṇāmikau ca || 5.37 ||
In the process of combination, the atom with higher degree of the attribute transforms the other. (37)
Hindi Anvayarth:
अन्वयार्थ: [च] और [बन्धे] बन्धरूप अवस्था में [अधिकौ] अधिक गुण वाले के परमाणुओं जितने गुण रूप में [पारिणामिकौ] ( कम गुण वाले परमाणुओं का) परिणमन होता है। (यह कथन निमित्त का है।)
Anvayartha: [ca] aura [bandhe] bandharupa avastha mem [adhikau] adhika guna vale ke paramanuom jitane guna rupa mem [parinamikau] ( kama guna vale paramanuom ka) parinamana hota hai | (yaha kathana nimitta ka hai | )
Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:
What is the purpose of declaring that combination takes place with higher degree of greasiness and roughness only?
The term ‘guṇa’ which means degree (of the attribute) is under reference (sūtra 5-34). ‘Adhikau’, therefore, implies higher degree (of the attribute). ‘Pāriṇāmika’ is that which causes transformation. Causing transformation means to impart another nature (mode), like that by treacle. Treacle, full of sweetness, transforms particles of dust, etc., that stick to it, by imparting its sweetness to these. In the same way, the atom with higher degree of the attribute transforms the one with lower degree, that combines with it. So, the atom with greasiness and roughness of four degrees causes transformation in the atom with greasiness and roughness of two degrees, which combines with it. On combination, the previous individual states of the combining atoms disappear and a new third state is manifested. Thus, oneness in the two kinds of atoms is produced after combination. Otherwise the two would appear separate in spite of the union, as in case of the cloth woven with black and white yarn. If combination is governed by the rule enunciated, the duration of thirty sāgaropama koṭākoṭi, etc., of knowledge-obscuring karmas, etc., becomes appropriate.