Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.3.13
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.3.13:
समवायात् स्व आधारः स्वा च जातिः प्रतीयते ।
एकार्थसमवायात्तु गुणः स्वाधार एव ये ॥ १३ ॥samavāyāt sva ādhāraḥ svā ca jātiḥ pratīyate |
ekārthasamavāyāttu guṇaḥ svādhāra eva ye || 13 ||13. Through inherence, words convey their substratum and their universal. Through inherence in the same thing, they convey the qualities which exist in their substratum.
Commentary
[Words like kha, ākāśa, gagana convey their meaning through the relation called inherence, because they are words and all words are qualities residing in ākāśa by inherence. All words convey the particular universal existing in them through inherence. As for the special qualities like mahattva which exist in ākāśa, words convey them through inherence in the same thing (ekārthasamavāya), because both words and these special qualities exist in the same thing, namely, ākāśa, by inherence.]