Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 2.41
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.41:
केवलेन पदेनार्थो यावानेवाभिधीयते ।
वाक्यस्थं तावतोऽर्थस्य तदाहुरभिधायकम् ॥ ४१ ॥kevalena padenārtho yāvānevābhidhīyate |
vākyasthaṃ tāvato'rthasya tadāhurabhidhāyakam || 41 ||41. It has been declared that a word, as part of a sentence, expresses the same extent of meaning as it does when it is in isolation.
Commentary
Now the view of the sentence referred to by the word saṅghāta in the very first verse is being explained.
[Read verse 41 above]
[Puṇyarāja points out that this saṃghāta view is held by the Abhihitānvayavādin. The Vṛtti illustrates by saying that the isolated word Vṛkṣa conveys a particular universal, namely tree-ness. It does the same in the following sentences: Vṛkṣo'sti, Vṛkṣo nāsti Vṛkṣaścchinnaḥ. Because of its connection in these sentences with existence, non-existence and cutting, it does not become associated with another universal. In any case, these actions are not connected with a universal, but with the individual in which the universal inheres.]