Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.314
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.314:
ते क्षत्रियादिभिर्वाच्या वाच्या वा सर्वनामभिः ।
यान्तीवान्यपदार्थत्वं नञो रूपाविकल्पनात् ॥ ३१४ ॥te kṣatriyādibhirvācyā vācyā vā sarvanāmabhiḥ |
yāntīvānyapadārthatvaṃ naño rūpāvikalpanāt || 314 ||314. Because of not fully understanding the meaning of the negative particle, those objects which are conveyed by words like kṣattriya or by pronouns become, as it were, meanings of an outside word.
Commentary
[Those who hold that the negative compound denotes an external object do so under a misapprehension. When a word like kṣattriya or vaiśya is used in apposition to abrāhmaṇa, it makes explicit what is implicit. If it is not used, what is implied would not become clear. The word kṣattriya does not bring in something which is not already included in abrāhmaṇa. In that sense, it is not an outside meaning. But this meaning of the negative particle is not understood by some. Non-existence in general, qualified by that of the meaning of the second constituent and specified by a particular substratum like kṣattriya, this is the meaning of the negative particle. But this is not understood by some and so they think that the compound stands for the meaning of an outside word.]