Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.436
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.436:
पाकादस्तृतीयान्ताः सत्त्वधर्मसमन्वयात् ।
न क्रियेत्यपदिश्यन्ते कृत्वोर्थप्रत्यये यथा ॥ ४३६ ॥pākādastṛtīyāntāḥ sattvadharmasamanvayāt |
na kriyetyapadiśyante kṛtvorthapratyaye yathā || 436 ||436. Words like pāka can take the third case-ending because their meaning has the attributes of substance and is not designated as action, as for example for the purpose of being connected with the suffix kṛtvasuc.
Commentary
[It might be said that, even though a verb cannot take the third case-ending, there are words like pāka which denote an action and can take the third case-ending. The fact is that words like pāka ending in the suffix ghañ and the like express the action denoted by the root as a thing, as a substance. So such words are not really considered to be words expressive of action. 1 hat is why it has been said that an action expressed by words ending in a kṛt suffix is like a thing or substance. They can take gender and number. Of course, their meaning is only like a thing, it does not fully become a thing. It is still referred to as action because it was so when a verbal suffix was added to the same root as in pacati. Once it becomes like a thing, it ceases to be a process. That is why suffixes expressive of the repetition of an action like kṛtvasuc cannot be used with words ending in ghañ etc. One cannot say pañcakṛtvaḥ pākaḥ. So such words are not considered to be expressive of action.]