Munda, Muṇḍa, Mumda, Munḍā: 30 definitions
Introduction:
Munda means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Wisdom Library: Skanda-puranaMuṇḍa (मुण्ड, “pumpkin gourd”) refers to one of the fifty-six vināyakas located at Kāśī (Vārāṇasī), and forms part of a sacred pilgrimage (yātrā), described in the Kāśīkhaṇḍa (Skanda-purāṇa 4.2.57). He is also known as Muṇḍavināyaka, Muṇḍagaṇeśa and Muṇḍavighneśa. These fifty-six vināyakas are positioned at the eight cardinal points in seven concentric circles (8x7). They center around a deity named Ḍhuṇḍhirāja (or Ḍhuṇḍhi-vināyaka) positioned near the Viśvanātha temple, which lies at the heart of Kāśī, near the Gaṅges. This arrangement symbolises the interconnecting relationship of the macrocosmos, the mesocosmos and the microcosmos.
Muṇḍa is positioned in the North-Western corner of the second circle of the kāśī-maṇḍala. According to Rana Singh (source), his shrine is located at “Sadar Bazr, near Chandi Devi”. Worshippers of Muṇḍa will benefit from his quality, which is defined as “giver of devotion”. His body is in the world below and head in Kāśī, supporting Kāśī-devī. His coordinates are: Lat. 25.20062, Lon. 82.58417 (or, 25°12'02.2"N, 82°35'03.0"E) (Google maps)
Muṇḍa, and the other vināyakas, are described in the Skandapurāṇa (the largest of the eighteen mahāpurāṇas). This book narrates the details and legends surrounding numerous holy pilgrimages (tīrtha-māhātmya) throughout India. It is composed of over 81,000 metrical verses with the core text dating from the before the 4th-century CE.
Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia1) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड).—A warrior of the country of Muṇḍa. In the great battle the Muṇḍas were present in the Kaurava’s army. (Śloka 9, Chapter 56, Bhīṣma Parva).
2) Munda (मुन्द).—An asura. (See under Caṇḍamuṇḍas.
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation1) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to a “scalp”, mentioned as one of the objects held in the hands of Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.6. Accordingly:—“[...] Directly perceiving the lord of Durgā she [viz., Sandhyā] eulogised the lord of the worlds: [...] Obeisance to Thee, the Yogin whose Saguṇa form is pure, lovely, bedecked in jewels, as white and clean as camphor and which holds in its hand the desired boon, fearlessness, the trident and the scalp (muṇḍa)”.
2) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) is the name of a deity who fought on Vīrabhadra’s side in his campaign to destroy Dakṣa’s sacrifice, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.37. Accordingly:—“[...] Vīrabhadra took up all the great miraculous weapons for his fight with Viṣṇu and roared like a lion. [...] A noisy terrible fight ensued between the Gaṇas and the guardians of the quarters, both roaring like lions. [...] The powerful hero Muṇḍa fought with Varuṇa surprising the three worlds with his great spear”.
3) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to “headless trunks”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.7 (“Commencement of the War”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada: “[...] In the meantime the rank and file of the Asuras and the gods, haughty of their strength and blazing with fury came together in a mutual clash. A terrific tumultuous fight between the gods and the Asuras ensued. Within a moment the place was littered with severed heads (ruṇḍa) and headless trunks (muṇḍa). [...]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड).—An Asura killed by the Devī.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa IV. 29. 75.
1b) A tribe.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 163. 66.
1c) A Janapada of the East.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 45. 123.
1d) Shavelings in the guise of Sanyasins in Kaliyuga.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 58. 59.
1e) A dynasty of kings; thirteen in number.*
- * Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 24. 53.
Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.52.12, I.57, III.48.21, IX.44.90, XIV.8.15, XIV.8) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Muṇḍa) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstraMuṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to a “shaven head” (bald), which is the prescribed appearance for masks for the Buddhists (śākya), monks experts in Vedic studies (śrotriya), the Jain monks (nirgrantha), wandering ascetics (parivrāj), and the dīkṣita (those who have consecrated themselves for some rites or for a Vedic sacrifice), according to Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 23. Providing masks is a component of nepathya (costumes and make-up) and is to be done in accordance with the science of āhāryābhinaya (extraneous representation).
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) and Caṇḍa are two demons slain by the Goddess, according to the Kularatnoddyota (chapter 9).—We are told in the Kularatnoddyota that prior to the goddess’s incarnation in the nineteenth kalpa as Dakṣa’s daughter, she will come into the world to kill the demons Caṇḍa and Muṇḍa. Then as Durgā and Kātyāyaṇī in “a black and brown (kṛṣṇapiṅgalā)” form she will slay Mahiṣa, the king of the demons. She then appears again in the end of the Dvāpara Age, as described in the Purāṇas, to slay the evil king Kaṃsa and thereby save the newly-born Kṛṣṇa. Again, the Jayadrathayāmala says practically the same, identifying the goddess of the nineteenth and last age as Bhadrakālī.
2) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to a “severed head” and represents one of the weapons of Goddess Pūrṇā, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “Pūrṇā (i.e., Pūrṇāmaṅgalā) is in the northwest and she sits on a vulture. She has one face, three eyes and two hands in which she holds a sword and, in the left, a severed head [i.e., muṇḍa-dharā]. She is a female warrior (vīrā) and, extremely fierce, she laughs loudly. She wears a deerskin. (Here) in the north-west, she destroys fear. Worshipped, she quickly bestows the boons and fruits of the adept’s (practice)”.
3) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to the “severed head” and as one of the weapons (attributes) of Goddess Kubjikā symbolizes “the acquisition of wealth”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra.—Accordingly, “(Now) I will tell (you about) the great weapons of that (goddess) Kubjikā. [...] (One) attains (ultimate) reality by means of the trident and Māyā is destroyed by means of the wheel. All diseases are destroyed by the thunderbolt while the goad is considered to be (the means to attract and) control. The enemy is destroyed by the arrow. The dagger is the avoidance of obstacles. Wealth is acquired by means of the severed head [i.e., muṇḍa] and the eight yogic powers by the ascetic’s staff”.
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): (shaktism)Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to a “bald head”, according to the 17th century Kaulagajamardana (“crushing the Kaula elephant”) authored by Kāśīnātha or Kṛṣṇānandācala.—Accordingly, [as Īśvara said to Pārvatī]: “[...] [Now,] my dear, hear about the Kāpālika. He eats from a skull bowl and is addicted to wine and flesh; he neglects the disciplines of purification and he is adorned with a bald head (muṇḍa) and Mālās [muṇḍamālāvibhūṣaṇaḥ]; he eats from the fires of the cremation ground; he alone is a Kāpālika, he never does [the proper] repetition of Mantras, nor ascetic practices nor [follows] the rules of personal restraint. He is without such [rituals] as bathing and ceremonies for donation. [Thus,] he is proclaimed a Pāṣānḍa. [...]”
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric TraditionsMuṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to a “skull”, according to the Kiraṇatantra chapter 49 (dealing with vratacaryā).—Accordingly, “Garuḍa spoke: ‘You have taught me, O great Lord, the activities of the Neophyte, the Putraka and the Ācārya. Tell me those of the Sādhaka’. The Lord spoke: ‘[...] This is the auspicious Raudra-vrata: imposing with a chignon of matted locks, marked by a trident and khaṭvāṅga, equipped with a clean half skull (śuddha-muṇḍa-ardha-saṃyukta) , awe-inspiring with a third eye, clothed in the skin of a tiger, peaceful. For one firm [in this observance], the highest siddhi will arise in six months; middling [powers] in four months; the lowest [powers] will arise in three months. [...]’”.
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraMuṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to “hair”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 11.1-24ab, while describing the appearance and worship of Tumburu]—“[...] However, those who are Dūtīs bear a form adorned with one face, two arms, and three eyes. Adorning [them is] hair, shorn with scissors (muṇḍa-kartari-bhūṣitā). They sit on a fish, a turtle, a makara, and a frog. The servants are two-armed and hold a sword and a hide, [faces bent] in a crooked frown [on their] single faces, [which is adorned with] three eyes. [When] meditated on, [they] burst forth with white, etc., colors, giving the fruits of siddhis. [...]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to the “head”, according to Bāṇa’s Kādambarī (p. 225-226).—Accordingly, while describing the shire of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, “[Then follows the image of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, which matches the conception of Kālarātri in the passage from the Mahābhārata:] [...] she was adorned in garlands of bilva-leaves furnished with gleaming fruits and buds anointed with red sandalwood, that were like hanging garlands of infant-heads (bālaka-muṇḍa-prālamba); she expressed cruelty with limbs worshipped with clusters of kadamba flowers ruddy with blood, which horripilated, it seemed, at the thrill of the flavour of the keen roar of drums during the animal-offering; [...]”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper NamesA king of Magadha, great grandson of Ajatasattu and son of Anuruddha. He slew his father and came to the throne, but, in turn, he was slain by his son Nagadasaka (Mhv.iv.2ff.; DA.i.153; Dvy.369).
It is probably this same king who is referred to in the Anguttara Nikaya (iii.57ff). His wife Bhadda died, and Munda gave himself up to complete despair and mummified the queens body. The kings Treasurer, Piyaka, consulted the Elder Narada who lived at Kukkutarama in Pataliputta and persuaded him to visit the king. Narada preached to him, and his sorrow vanished.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraMuṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to a “shaved head”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 21).—Accordingly, “The immoral person is not respected (satkṛta) by people; his house is like a cemetery into which people do not go; he loses all his virtues like a rotten tree that people despise; [...] Even though he has the external appearance of a Bhikṣu, one would say he is a corpse in the midst of sleepers. He is like a false pearl among real pearls, like a castor-bean tree in a sandalwood forest. Even though outwardly he looks like an honest man, inwardly he is without good qualities. Even though he is called Bhikṣu because he has a shaved head (muṇḍa), the yellow robe and presents his ‘ticket’ in the proper order, in reality he is not a Bhikṣu”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of HeroesMuṇḍa (मुण्ड) refers to a “hairless head” (i.e., one of the attributes held in the hands of a deity), according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, “[...] [He (The Causal Vajra-holder)] stands in the ālīḍha posture with the feet placed on both Hara and Gaurī [He holds] (1) a vajra and (2) a bell, (3)(4) an elephant’s skin, (5) a drum, (6) a knife, (7) an axe, (8) a trident, (9) a skull staff, (10) a pot, (11) a noose, and (12) a hairless head (muṇḍa) in the left and right [hands]. [...]”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarymuṇḍa : (adj.) shaven; void of vegetation; bare.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryMuṇḍa, (adj.) (cp. BSk. muṇḍa) bald, shaven; a shaven, (bald-headed) ascetic, either a samaṇa, or a bhikkhu or (f.) bhikkhunī S. I, 175 (m. saṅghāṭi-pāruta); Vin. IV, 265 (f.); Sn. p. 80 (=muṇḍita-sīsa SnA 402).—kaṇṇa° with cropped or shorn ears (applied to a dog) Pv. II, 1210, cp. muṇḍaka.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarymuṇḍa (मुंड).—n (muḍū Three. Telangi word.) The number three, and the stroke given, upon that number, to the viṭī in the game viṭīdāṇḍū. 2 (muṇḍa Head.) A square cloth of three or four cubits as a light turban or wrapper for the head.
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muṇḍa (मुंड).—n (S) muṇḍakī f muṇḍakēṃ n The head.
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muṇḍa (मुंड).—m n Grain (or money) in payment for a tenure of land, or for the use of cattle, or as a consideration for a money-loan.
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muṇḍa (मुंड).—a (muṇḍa S Shaven.) Wanting or exempt from interest--a money-loan.
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muṇḍā (मुंडा) [or मुंढा, muṇḍhā].—m The attendant upon a hijaḍā or hermaphrodite, when he goes his beggingrounds. As the Hindus may not suffer the hijaḍā to enter their houses, nor may even look upon his face, this muṇḍā, being a man of caste, demands and receives alms on the hijaḍā's account. Pr. hijaḍyācī jōḍa muṇḍyānēṃ khāvī. Called also kharakhara- muṇḍā & māmaramuṇḍā.
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muṇḍā (मुंडा).—m C A large waterpitcher of the kind called ḍērā. 2 Nozzle (as of a pakhāla &c.): also the mouth or head-opening (of a pakhāla).
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muṇḍā (मुंडा).—a muṇḍā m muṇḍāhāta m See muṇḍhā &c.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishmuṇḍa (मुंड).—n muṇḍakī f muḍakēṃ n The head.
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muṇḍā (मुंडा).—m A water pitcher.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryMuṇḍa (मुण्ड).—a. [muṇḍ-ghañ]
1) Shaved, bald; रावणश्च मया दृष्टो मुण्डस्तैलसमुक्षितः (rāvaṇaśca mayā dṛṣṭo muṇḍastailasamukṣitaḥ) Rām.5.27.19; चरन् भैक्ष्यं मुनिर्मुण्डः (caran bhaikṣyaṃ munirmuṇḍaḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12. 9.12.
2) Lopped, stripped of top leaves.
3) Blunt, pointless.
4) Ved. Hornless.
5) Low, mean.
-ṇḍaḥ 1 A man with a shaved or bald head; स्वप्नेऽवगाहतेऽत्यर्थं जलं मुण्डांश्च पश्यति (svapne'vagāhate'tyarthaṃ jalaṃ muṇḍāṃśca paśyati) Y.1.272.
2) A bald or shaven head.
3) The forehead.
4) A barber.
5) The trunk of a tree stripped of its top-branches; मुण्डतालवनानीव चकार स रथव्रजान् (muṇḍatālavanānīva cakāra sa rathavrajān) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 6.16.14.
6) An epithet of Rāhu.
7) Name of one of the twelve principal Upaniṣads; मुण्डमाण्डूक्य- तित्तिरिः (muṇḍamāṇḍūkya- tittiriḥ). -m. pl. Name of a people.
-ṇḍā 1 Name of a plant (muṇḍīrikā).
2) Bengal madder.
3) A female mendicant of a particular order.
-ṇḍam 1 The head; अङ्गं गलितं पलितं मुण्डम् (aṅgaṃ galitaṃ palitaṃ muṇḍam) Śaṅkarāchārya.
2) Myrrh.
3) Iron.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryMuṇḍa (मुण्ड).—(1) name of a king of Magadha, grandson of Ajātaśatru and ancestor of Aśoka: Divyāvadāna 369.10; probably the same as Pali id. (Malalasekara (Dictionary of Pali Proper Names)), tho his position in the gene- alogy is not quite the same; (2) adj. (?), in muṇḍa-śayanā- sana-vārika Mahāvyutpatti 9074, see s.v. vārika; follows śayanā- sana-v° 9073; Tibetan renders muṇḍa by ḥbogs pa (?perhaps removable?) or phogs; Chin. seems to intend curtains (mosquito-nets for the bed?).
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Muṇḍā (मुण्डा).—(Sanskrit Lex. id.), shaveling woman, contemp-tuous epithet of a Buddhist nun (compare muṇḍaka, °ika): Kal- panāmaṇḍitikā, Lüders, Kl. Sanskrit Texte 2, 44.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryMuṇḍa (मुण्ड).—mfn.
(-ṇḍaḥ-ṇḍā-ṇḍaṃ) 1. Shaved, bald, having no hair on the head. 2. Low, mean. mn.
(-ṇḍaḥ-ṇḍaṃ) 1. The head. 2. The forehead. m.
(-ṇḍaḥ) 1. A bald pate. 2. A barber. 3. The name of a Daitya or Demon. 4. Rahu, the personified ascending node. 5. The trunk of a lopped tree. f.
(-ṇḍā) Bengal madder, (Rubia manjith.) E. muḍi to shave or cut, aff. ghañ .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryMuṇḍa (मुण्ड).— (probably a form of a noun derived from mṛd, based on the original form mard), I. adj. 1. Shaved, bald, having no hair on the head, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 219. 2. Low, mean. Ii. m. and n. 1. The head, [Daśakumāracarita] in
Muṇḍa (मुण्ड).—[adjective] shaved, bald; hornless (cow or goat), lopped (tree); pointless, blunt. [masculine] bald-head, [Name] of a Daitya etc., [plural] [Name] of a people; [neuter] head.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड):—[from muṇḍ] mf(ā)n. shaved, bald, having the head shaved or the hair shorn, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] having no horns, hornless (as a cow or goat), [Varāha-mihira]
3) [v.s. ...] stripped of top leaves or branches, lopped (as a tree), [Mahābhārata]
4) [v.s. ...] pointless, blunt, [Kathāsaritsāgara]
5) [v.s. ...] without awns or a beard (a kind of corn), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] low, mean, [Horace H. Wilson]
7) [v.s. ...] m. a man with a shaven head, bald-headed man, [Yājñavalkya i, 271] (also applied to Śiva), [Mahābhārata]
8) [v.s. ...] the trunk of a lopped tree, [Horace H. Wilson]
9) [v.s. ...] a barber, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) [v.s. ...] Name of Rāhu, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
11) [v.s. ...] of a Daitya, [Harivaṃśa]
12) [v.s. ...] of a king, [Buddhist literature]
13) [v.s. ...] [plural] Name of a people, [Mahābhārata]
14) [v.s. ...] of a dynasty, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
15) Muṇḍā (मुण्डा):—[from muṇḍa > muṇḍ] f. a (close-shaved) female mendicant, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
16) [v.s. ...] a widow, [Demetrius Galanos’s Lexiko: sanskritikes, anglikes, hellenikes]
17) [v.s. ...] a species of plant, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
18) [v.s. ...] Bengal madder, [Horace H. Wilson]
19) Muṇḍa (मुण्ड):—[from muṇḍ] n. ([cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] also n.) a shaven head, any head, [Kāvya literature; Rājataraṅgiṇī]
20) [v.s. ...] n. iron, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
21) [v.s. ...] myrrh, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryMuṇḍa (मुण्ड):—[(ṇḍaḥ-ṇḍā-ṇḍaṃ) a.] Shaved, bald; vile. m. n. The head; the forehead. m. A demon; a barber; trunk of a tree. f. Bengal madder.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Muṇḍa (मुण्ड) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Muṃḍa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) Muṃḍa (मुंड) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Muṇḍa.
2) Muṃḍa (मुंड) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Muṇḍa.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusMuṃḍa (ಮುಂಡ):—
1) [noun] a long loincloth covering upto the knees worn by men; a narrow dhoti.
2) [noun] an oblong, unstiched cloth, used as a headgear.
--- OR ---
Muṃḍa (ಮುಂಡ):—
1) [adjective] head-shaven.
2) [adjective] pruned; cut; ( said of leaves, twigs, etc.).
3) [adjective] not having horns or antlers.
4) [adjective] not sharp; not keen; blunt; (said of the blade of a cutting weapon).
5) [adjective] of the lowest quality, degree, value, etc.; base; despicable; mean.
--- OR ---
Muṃḍa (ಮುಂಡ):—
1) [noun] a man having no hair on the scalp.
2) [noun] a man with his head shaven.
3) [noun] a tree the branches of which are cut off.
4) [noun] a blunt weapon.
5) [noun] the forehead (of a human being).
6) [noun] a man whose occupation is cutting hair, shaving and trimming beards etc.; a barber.
7) [noun] the head.
8) [noun] a headless body of a human being.
9) [noun] a man having a mutilated limb or limbs.
10) [noun] a plant which exudes a fragrant, bitter-tasting gum resin used in making incense, perfume, etc.
11) [noun] the plant Merremia emarginata ( = Ipomoea reniformis) of Convolvulaceae family (?).
12) [noun] (myth.) the serpent demon Rāhu, who is believed to eclipse the sun and moon.
13) [noun] iron.
14) [noun] the height of a normal man taken as a unit of measurement of height or depth.
15) [noun] a metal block on which goldsmiths shape gold or silver articles; an anvil.
16) [noun] a solid figure consisting of the bottom part of a cone or pyramid, the top of which has been cut off by a plane parallel to the base; a frustum.
17) [noun] ಮುಂಡ ಮೋಚಿಕೊಳ್ಳು [mumda mocikollu] muṇḍa mōcikoḷḷu (fig). to become completely spoiled, ruined; ಮುಂಡ ಮೋಚು [mumda mocu] muṇḍa mōcu = ಮುಂಡ ಮೋಚಿಕೊಳ್ಳು [mumda mocikollu]; 2. to shave one’s head (said of a woman who has lost her husband, an old practice).
--- OR ---
Muṃḍā (ಮುಂಡಾ):—
1) [noun] a language of the Dravidian family.
2) [noun] a man who speaks this language as his mother-tongue.
3) [noun] the community of such people, as a whole.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+141): Mamdamopi, Mumdadeyidu, Mumdadi, Mumdadu, Mumdagalli, Mumdagi, Mumdagu, Mumdaidu, Mumdajayave, Mumdakara, Mumdakopanishattu, Mumdal, Mumdala, Mumdalar, Mumdale, Mumdalebottu, Mumdalegodu, Mumdalegol, Mumdalevani, Mumdalike.
Ends with (+43): Ardhamunda, Arisinamumda, Ashukamunda, Ayata-munda, Balakamunda, Brahmamunda, Camunda, Candamunda, Carmamunda, Chamunda, Chandamunda, Charmamunda, Chemunda, Dandimunda, Dvimunda, Gamunda, Gandhamunda, Gaurīmunda, Gomunda, Haramunda.
Full-text (+155): Carmamunda, Camunda, Pitamunda, Mundasana, Mundayasa, Mundaphala, Maundya, Mundi, Munda-valli, Mundashali, Gandhamunda, Candamunda, Muntakaram, Mundaja, Mudhadhanya, Mundacanaka, Mundaka, Mundakhya, Rumda, Munda dupa.
Relevant text
Search found 53 books and stories containing Munda, Muṇḍa, Mumda, Munḍā, Muṇḍā, Muṃḍa, Muṃḍā; (plurals include: Mundas, Muṇḍas, Mumdas, Munḍās, Muṇḍās, Muṃḍas, Muṃḍās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 3.14.68 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]
Folklore of the Santal Parganas
The Agaria < [March 1943]
‘Amrutar Santana’: A Critique < [July 1955]
‘Amrutar Santana’: A Critique < [July 1955]
Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 3: Metals, Gems and other substances (by Bhudeb Mookerjee)
Part 2 - Iron variety (a): Munda (ordinary iron) < [Chapter IV - Metals (4): Lauha (iron)]
Part 18 - Iron variety (d): Mandura iron < [Chapter IV - Metals (4): Lauha (iron)]
Part 1 - Characteristics of Iron (lauha) < [Chapter IV - Metals (4): Lauha (iron)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
The Markandeya Purana (by Frederick Eden Pargiter)
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