Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.129.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तम॑ आसी॒त्तम॑सा गू॒ळ्हमग्रे॑ऽप्रके॒तं स॑लि॒लं सर्व॑मा इ॒दम् । तु॒च्छ्येना॒भ्वपि॑हितं॒ यदासी॒त्तप॑स॒स्तन्म॑हि॒नाजा॑य॒तैक॑म् ॥
तम आसीत्तमसा गूळ्हमग्रेऽप्रकेतं सलिलं सर्वमा इदम् । तुच्छ्येनाभ्वपिहितं यदासीत्तपसस्तन्महिनाजायतैकम् ॥
tama āsīt tamasā gūḻham agre 'praketaṃ salilaṃ sarvam ā idam | tucchyenābhv apihitaṃ yad āsīt tapasas tan mahinājāyataikam ||
English translation:
“There was darkness covered by darkness in the beginning, all this (world) was undistinguishablewater; that empty united (world) which was covered by a mere nothing, was produced through the power ofausterity.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Austerity: tapas = not penance, but the contemplation of things which were to be created: yahsarvajñaḥ sarvavit yasya jñānamayam tapaḥ: Muṇḍa.ka Upaniṣad 1.1.9
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatiḥ parameṣṭhī [prajāpati parameṣṭhī];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): bhāvavṛttam ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तमः॑ । आ॒सी॒त् । तम॑सा । गू॒ळ्हम् । अग्रे॑ । अ॒प्र॒ऽके॒तम् । स॒लि॒लम् । सर्व॑म् । आः॒ । इ॒दम् । तु॒च्छ्येन॑ । आ॒भु । अपि॑ऽहितम् । यत् । आसी॑त् । तप॑सः । तत् । म॒हि॒ना । अ॒जा॒य॒त॒ । एक॑म् ॥
तमः । आसीत् । तमसा । गूळ्हम् । अग्रे । अप्रकेतम् । सलिलम् । सर्वम् । आः । इदम् । तुच्छ्येन । आभु । अपिहितम् । यत् । आसीत् । तपसः । तत् । महिना । अजायत । एकम् ॥
tamaḥ | āsīt | tamasā | gūḷham | agre | apra-ketam | salilam | sarvam | āḥ | idam | tucchyena | ābhu | api-hitam | yat | āsīt | tapasaḥ | tat | mahinā | ajāyata | ekam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.129.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“hide; cover; conceal; shroud; obscure.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“sight; knowledge; appearance.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“water; juice; body of water; Udaka; rain; flood.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; sarva [word]; every(a); each(a); all; entire; sāṃnipātika; manifold; complete; all the(a); different; overall.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“emptiness.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“stingy; empty.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“cover; obstruct.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“penance; heat; Tapoloka; tapas [word]; ardor; austerity; summer; heat.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“greatness.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”