Mudha, Mūḍha, Mudhā, Muḍha, Mūḍhā: 26 definitions
Introduction:
Mudha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationMūḍha (मूढ) refers to a “fool”, and is used by the evil-minded Dakṣa to describe Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.27. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] on hearing [Dadhīci’s] words, the foolish and evil-minded Dakṣa became furious in a trice and said mockingly:—‘[...] He is a haughty self-conceited fool (ātmasaṃbhāvita-mūḍha) with false prestige and hostility. He is unworthy of this sacred rite. Hence he is not invited by me.’”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)Mūḍha (मूढ) or Mūḍhacetana refers to a “foolish man”, according to Kālidāsa’s Raghuvaṃśa verse 8.88-90.—Accordingly: “The wise say that death is the natural state of embodied creatures and life is a change in that state. If a being remains breathing even for a moment it is surely fortunate. The foolish man (mūḍha-cetana) regards the loss of his dear one as a dart shot into his heart. Another man looks on the same as a dart that has been pulled out, for it is a door to beatitude. When we are taught that our own body and soul unite and then separate, tell me which wise person should be tormented by separation from the external objects of the senses?”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramMūḍha (मूढ) refers to a “fool”, according to the Kubjikāmata-tantra, the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “[...] He who has stolen the Yoga of the Command and (the knowledge of) ritual and mantra (from his teacher) and (then) flees, does not achieve (true) balance. How can (that) fool (mūḍha) stand (firmly). (He is) like (someone whose) body (is sick) that vomits (the food he) has eaten. Whether he feels hungry or not, the body (of this) contemptuous one (is always) thin (and emaciated)”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchMūḍha (मूढ) refers to “one who is simple”, according to the Dattātreyayogaśāstra verse 101.4 and Yogatattvopaniṣat 1.76-78.—Accordingly, while discussing the concerns about the use of Siddhis: “These [Siddhis] are obstacles to the great Siddhi (i.e., liberation). The wise [Yogin] does not delight in them. He should never reveal his own power to anyone, except sometimes he may do so to a devotee out of kindness. The Yogin should behave among people as though dumb, simple (mūḍha) or deaf, in order to keep his powers hidden. If not, then there will surely be many students [who will] undoubtedly ask the master of Yoga [to intervene] in their own affairs. [Because of this,] he will become preoccupied with carrying out their actions and forgetful of his own [Yoga] practice”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: HAL: The function of the Vṛṣasārasaṃgraha in the Śivadharma corpusMūḍha (मूढ) refers to “foolish (people)”, according to the Uttarottaramahāsaṃvāda (verse 6.1-2).—Accordingly, “Umā spoke:—Just as you taught me the cow as having the above characteristics, tell me quickly, O Jagatpati: what kind of a bull is Dharma? Īśvara spoke:—In this world, foolish people (mūḍha-cetas) [mūḍhacetasaḥ] do not know that the four-legged Dharma is this bright mount of mine. ”
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: Wisdom Library: HinduismMūḍha (मूढ) is a Sanskrit word referring to a fool or rascal (asslike person).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraMūḍha (मूढ) refers to “fools”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[Digression on a case brought against the Buddha; A. The accusation].—[Question].—So be it! But the Buddha sometimes has physical and vocal actions that do not seem to accompany knowledge. How is that? [...] He insults his disciples and treats them like foolish men (mohapuruṣa). He insults Devadatta and says to him: ‘You are a fool (mūḍha), a corpse (śava), a spit-swallower (kheṭāśika)’. The Buddha forbids the possession (dhāraṇa) of eight kinds of begging-bowls (pātra) and authorizes the Bhikṣus to use only two kinds of bowls: i) fired clay (mṛttikāpātra) and ii) iron (ayaḥpātra) but he himself uses a stone bowl (śailapātra). [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsMūḍha (मूढ) refers to a “fool”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Fool (mūḍha), do you not perceive the transitory behaviour of the whole world? You must do what is proper to be done. You must not deceive yourself by amusing yourself with false knowledge”.
Synonyms: Mūrkha.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsMudha [ಮೂಧ] in the Kannada language is the name of a plant identified with Ochna obtusata from the Ochnaceae (Ramdhan Champa) family having the following synonyms: Ochna squarrosa. For the possible medicinal usage of mudha, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarymudhā : (ind.) gratis; for nothing.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryMudhā, (adv.) (Class. Sk. mudhā) for nothing, gratis VvA. 77. (Page 538)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarymuḍhā (मुढा).—m Commonly muḍā m esp. in Sig. I.
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mūḍha (मूढ).—a (S) Unlearned or ignorant: also dull, stupid, foolish. 2 S Immerged in the sun's rays--a planet.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishmūḍha (मूढ).—a Ignorant; dull.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryMudhā (मुधा).—ind.
1) In vain, to no purpose, uselessly, unprofitably; यत्किंचिदपि संवीक्ष्य कुरुते हसितं मुधा (yatkiṃcidapi saṃvīkṣya kurute hasitaṃ mudhā) S. D.
2) Wrongly, falsely; रात्रिः सैव पुनः स एव दिवसो मत्वा मुधा जन्तवः (rātriḥ saiva punaḥ sa eva divaso matvā mudhā jantavaḥ) Bhartṛhari 3.78 (v. l.).
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Mūḍha (मूढ).—p. p. [muh-kta]
1) Stupefied, infatuated; मूढाः शोणितगन्धेन निपेतुर्धरणीतले (mūḍhāḥ śoṇitagandhena nipeturdharaṇītale) Rām.6.52.15; प्रत्यासन्नविपत्तिमूढ- मनसां प्रायो मतिः क्षीयते (pratyāsannavipattimūḍha- manasāṃ prāyo matiḥ kṣīyate) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 2.4.
2) Perplexed, bewildered, confounded, at a loss; किंकर्तव्यतामूढः (kiṃkartavyatāmūḍhaḥ) 'being at a loss what to do'; so ह्रीमूढ (hrīmūḍha) Meghadūta 7.
3) Foolish, silly, dull, stupid, ignorant; अल्पस्य हेतोर्बहु हातुमिच्छन् विचारमूढः प्रतिभासि मे त्वम् (alpasya hetorbahu hātumicchan vicāramūḍhaḥ pratibhāsi me tvam) R.2.47.
4) Mistaken, erring, deceived, gone astray.
5) Abortive.
6) Confounding.
-ḍhaḥ A fool, blockhead, dolt, an ignorant person; मूढः परप्रत्ययनेयबुद्धिः (mūḍhaḥ parapratyayaneyabuddhiḥ) M.1.2.
-ḍhāḥ (m. pl.) An epithet of the elements in the Sāṅkhya philosophy.
-ḍham confusion of mind.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryMūḍha (मूढ) or Muṭa or Moṭa or Moṭaka.—and see s.v. moṭikā (m. ? compare Vedic mūta, mūtaka; late Sanskrit mūṭaka, [Boehtlingk]; Prakrit mūḍa, mūḍha, ‘a large measure of grain’; and s.v. mūtoḍī, which may be related), some sort of basket, bag, or large container; chiefly in an identical cliché, a list of containers and means of transporting goods: śaka- ṭair bhārair muṭaiḥ (etc.) piṭakaiḥ (this word is once or twice transposed before m°; in Kāraṇḍavvūha it is spelled piṭhakair, [Page434-b+ 71] once pī°), so, with muṭaiḥ, Kāraṇḍavvūha 28.17; 71.8; one ms. at Divyāvadāna 524.16 (and ed. by em. 501.27); mūṭaiḥ Avadāna-śataka i.199.14; Kāraṇḍavvūha 52.23; and ed. em. Divyāvadāna 524.16; mūḍhaiḥ, all mss. Divyāvadāna 332.5 (kept in ed.); 501.27 (ed. em. muṭaiḥ), and 3 of 4 mss. 524.16 (ed. em. mūṭaiḥ); moṭaiḥ Divyāvadāna 5.8; kuśa-moṭakaṃ baddhvā Mūla-Sarvāstivāda-Vinaya i.100.6.
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Mūḍha (मूढ) or Mūṭa.—see muṭa.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryMudhā (मुधा).—Ind. In vain, uselessly, unprofitably, idly. E. muh to be foolish, aff. kā; ha changed to dha .
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Mūḍha (मूढ).—mfn.
(-ḍhaḥ-ḍhā-ḍhaṃ) 1. Foolish, ignorant. 2. Cold, apathetic, stupid. 3. Perplexed, in doubt. 4. Deceived, erring. m.
(-ḍhaḥ) 1. An idiot, a fool. 2. A sluggard. E. muh to be foolish, aff. kta, form irr.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryMudhā (मुधा).—probably from muh (cf. the ptcple. pf. pass. mūḍha), adv. In vain, [Hitopadeśa] iii. [distich] 139.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryMudhā (मुधा).—[adverb] in vain, for nothing.
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Mūḍha (मूढ).—[adjective] erred, gone astray, confused, uncertain, silly, stupid; [neuter] & tā† [feminine], tva† [neuter] as [abstract]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Mudhā (मुधा):—ind. (√muh) in vain, uselessly, to no purpose, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature etc.]
2) falsely, wrongly, [Bhartṛhari] ([varia lectio])
3) Mūḍha (मूढ):—[from muh] a mfn. stupefied, bewildered, perplexed, confused, uncertain or at a loss about ([locative case] or [compound]), [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.
4) [v.s. ...] stupid, foolish, dull, silly, simple, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] swooned, indolent, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] gone astray or adrift, [Āśvalāyana-gṛhya-sūtra]
7) [v.s. ...] driven out of its course (as a ship), [Rāmāyaṇa]
8) [v.s. ...] wrong, out of the right place (as the fetus in delivery), [Suśruta]
9) [v.s. ...] not to be ascertained, not clear, indistinct, [Āpastamba; Rāmāyaṇa]
10) [v.s. ...] perplexing, confounding, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
11) [v.s. ...] m. a fool, dolt, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
12) [v.s. ...] m. [plural] (in Sāṃkhya) Name of the elements, [Tattvasamāsa]
13) [v.s. ...] n. confusion of mind, [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha]
14) b mūḍha-garbha etc. See [column]2.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Mudhā (मुधा):—adv. In vain.
2) Mūḍha (मूढ):—[(ḍhaḥ-ḍhā-ḍhaṃ) a.] Foolish; cold; sluggish; deceived; perplexed.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Mūḍha (मूढ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Muḍḍha, Muhā, Mūḍha.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryMūḍha (मूढ):—(a) stupid, foolish, imbecile, silly; infatuated; hence ~[buddhi/mati] (a).
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryMūḍha (मूढ) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Mūḍha.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusMudhā (ಮುಧಾ):—
1) [adverb] uselessly; in vain.
2) [adverb] wrongly; falsely.
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Mūḍha (ಮೂಢ):—
1) [adjective] lacking ordinary quickness and keenness of mind; dull; stupid.
2) [adjective] 'characterised by or proceeding from mental dullness; foolish; senseless: stupid.'
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Mūḍha (ಮೂಢ):—
1) [noun] = ಮೂಢತ್ರಯ [mudhatraya].
2) [noun] a man lacking ordinary quickness and keenness of mind; a dull, stupid fellow.
3) [noun] a man having little or no knowledge; an ignorant man.
4) [noun] aversion or disinclination to work, activity or exertion; laziness.
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Mūḍha (ಮೂಢ):—[noun] = ಮೂಢಮರ [mudhamara].
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Mūdha (ಮೂಧ):—[noun] = ಮೂಢಮರ [mudhamara].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+106): Mudha Makoji, Mudhabhakti, Mudhabuddhi, Mudhacakshurgadacchetri, Mudhacetana, Mudhacetas, Mudhach, Mudhachetana, Mudhachetas, Mudhadhanya, Mudhadhi, Mudhadrishti, Mudhagarbha, Mudhagraha, Mudhala, Mudhama, Mudhamanas, Mudhamara, Mudhamati, Mudhana.
Ends with (+25): Abhisammudha, Abhisamudha, Agnimudha, Amudha, Asammudha, Asamudha, Atimudha, Avimudha, Devatamuೂdha, Dharmamudha, Dinmudha, Dishamudha, Gadhamudha, Gomudha, Hrimudha, Itikartavyatamudha, Iyanmuta, Kamamudha, Kartavyamudha, Kimkartavyatamudha.
Full-text (+148): Mudhatman, Mudhagraha, Gomudha, Mudhata, Mudhamati, Maudhya, Mudhacetas, Vimudha, Mudhasattva, Muha, Mudhagarbha, Kamamudha, Agnimudha, Mudhabuddhi, Mudhadhi, Mudhacetana, Parimudhata, Mudhavat, Tandrita, Mudhaprabhu.
Relevant text
Search found 66 books and stories containing Mudha, Moodhaa, Mūḍha, Mudhā, Muḍhā, Mūdha, Muḍha, Mūḍhā, Mudhaa; (plurals include: Mudhas, Moodhaas, Mūḍhas, Mudhās, Muḍhās, Mūdhas, Muḍhas, Mūḍhās, Mudhaas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 7.15 < [Chapter 7 - Vijñāna-Yoga (Yoga through Realization of Transcendental Knowledge)]
Verse 7.25 < [Chapter 7 - Vijñāna-Yoga (Yoga through Realization of Transcendental Knowledge)]
Verse 17.19 < [Chapter 17 - Śraddhā-traya-vibhāga-yoga]
The Tattvasangraha [with commentary] (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 3136 < [Chapter 26 - Examination of the ‘Person of Super-normal Vision’]
Verse 3145-3146 < [Chapter 26 - Examination of the ‘Person of Super-normal Vision’]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.12.17 < [Chapter 12 - Pancajana’s Previous Birth]
Verse 2.7.19 < [Chapter 7 - Kidnapping of the Calves and Cowherd Boys]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 2.10.264 < [Chapter 10 - Conclusion of the Lord’s Mahā-prakāśa Pastimes]
Verse 3.2.325 < [Chapter 2 - Description of the Lord’s Travel Through Bhuvaneśvara and Other Placesto Jagannātha Purī]
Verse 2.9.197 < [Chapter 9 - The Lord’s Twenty-One Hour Ecstasy and Descriptions of Śrīdhara and Other Devotees’ Characteristics]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.71 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 9.15 < [Chapter 9 - Ornaments of Sound]
Text 11.30 < [Chapter 11 - Additional Ornaments]