Utkala: List of Sanskrit Nouns
Sanskrit References
Utkala is a word in the Sanskrit language where it represents a Noun. This page shows references to Sanskrit literature where this Noun occurs, by collecting all possible forms this word ca be displayed: Such as Gender-specific declension and Sandhi modifications.
References
Total 944 pages in 48 books
Verse 2.6.40 < [Chapter VI]
Verse 3.12.29 < [Chapter XII]
Verse 3.36.22 < [Chapter XXXVI]
Verse 3.39.21 < [Chapter XXXIX]
Verse 3.40.30 < [Chapter XL]
Verse 3.49.33 < [Chapter XLIX]
Verse 3.60.20 < [Chapter LX]
Verse 3.60.22 < [Chapter LX]
Verse 3.61.22 < [Chapter LXI]
Verse 3.62.1 < [Chapter LXII]
Verse 3.67.82 < [Chapter LXVII]
Verse 3.75.7 < [Chapter LXXV]
Verse 3.86.29 < [Chapter LXXXVI]
Verse 3.87.4 < [Chapter LXXXVII]
Verse 3.96.17 < [Chapter XCVI]
Verse 3.99.16 < [Chapter XCIX]
Verse 3.103.1 < [Chapter CIII]
Verse 3.104.9 < [Chapter CIV]
Verse 3.106.65 < [Chapter CVI]
Verse 3.113.36 < [Chapter CXIII]
Verse 3.116.1 < [Chapter CXVI]
Verse 4.18.14 < [Chapter XVIII]
Verse 4.21.49 < [Chapter XXI]
Verse 4.40.8 < [Chapter XL]
Verse 4.43.7 < [Chapter XLIII]
Kathasaritsagara [sanskrit] (by C. H. Tawney)
Verse 3.4.44 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 3.4.119 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 4.2.38 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 4.2.105 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 6.5.95 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 6.7.76 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 6.7.82 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 6.7.196 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 6.7.215 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 6.8.23 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 6.8.229 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 6.8.240 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 9.2.288 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 9.5.43 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 10.1.66 < [Chapter 1]
Verse 10.3.6 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 10.3.110 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 10.10.191 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 12.7.67 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 12.7.142 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 12.7.159 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 12.12.23 < [Chapter 12]
Verse 12.25.17 < [Chapter 25]
Verse 14.1.56 < [Chapter 1]
Verse 18.3.110 < [Chapter 3]
Katyayana-smriti [sanskrit] (by Manmatha Nath Dutt)
Verse 79.2 [934] < [Chapter 79]
Naishadha-charita [sanskrit] (by K.K. Handiqui)
Verse 12.78 < [Chapter 12]
Verse 6.5 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 3.120 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 17.213 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 21.155 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 17.207 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 17.214 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 17.221 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 18.22 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 20.116 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 21.96 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 17.135 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 21.92 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 20.10 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 20.106 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.2.6 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 2.2.14.9 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 2.3.44.61 < [Chapter 44]
Verse 2.3.54.47 < [Chapter 54]
Verse 2.4.17.95 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 2.5.43.8 < [Chapter 43]
Verse 2.5.46.33 < [Chapter 46]
Verse 7.32.38 < [Chapter 32]
Verse 8.20.2 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 8.26.29 < [Chapter 26]
Verse 9.22.31 < [Chapter 22]
Verse 9.29.7 < [Chapter 29]
Verse 9.36.17 < [Chapter 36]
Verse 9.36.18 < [Chapter 36]
Verse 10.5.23 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 10.6.74 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 10.6.76 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 10.7.60 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 10.7.61 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 10.11.55 < [Chapter 11]
Verse 10.17.35 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 10.21.45 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 7.1.5.22 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 7.1.8.4 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 7.1.13.20 < [Chapter 13]
Ashtanga-hridaya-samhita [sanskrit]
Section 31 < [Chapter 1: āyuṣkāmīya-adhyāya]
Section 51 < [Chapter 1: āyuṣkāmīya-adhyāya]
Section 27 < [Chapter 10: rasabhedīya-adhyāya]
Section 38 < [Chapter 27: sirāvyadhavidhi-adhyāya]
Section 60 < [Chapter 27: sirāvyadhavidhi-adhyāya]
Section 34 < [Chapter 29: śastrakarmavidhi-adhyāya]
Section 4 < [Chapter 1: garbhāvakrānti-adhyāya]
Section 40 < [Chapter 1: garbhāvakrānti-adhyāya]
Section 12 < [Chapter 3: aṅgavibhāgaśārīrodhyāyaḥ]
Section 43 < [Chapter 1: jvaracikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 108 < [Chapter 1: jvaracikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 113 < [Chapter 1: jvaracikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 97 < [Chapter 3: kāsacikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 15 < [Chapter 5: rājayakṣmādicikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 42 < [Chapter 8: arṣaścikitsitādhyayaḥ]
Section 6 < [Chapter 9: atīsāracikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 7 < [Chapter 10: grahaṇīdoṣacikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 13 < [Chapter 11: mūtrāṅātacikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 24 < [Chapter 13: vidradhivṛddhicikitṣita-adhyāya]
Section 8 < [Chapter 15: udaracikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 43 < [Chapter 15: udaracikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 24 < [Chapter 16: pāṇḍurogacikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 49 < [Chapter 19: kuṣṭhacikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 17 < [Chapter 20: śvitrakṛmicikitsita-adhyāya]
Section 42 < [Chapter 22: vātaṣoṇitacikitsitadhyāyaḥ]
Samarangana-sutradhara [sanskrit]
Verse 6.18 < [Chapter 6: sahadevādhikāra]
Verse 14.18 < [Chapter 14: puruṣāṅgadevatānighaṇṭvādinirṇaya]
Verse 17.70 < [Chapter 17: indra dhvajanirūpaṇa]
Verse 19.175 < [Chapter 19: catuḥśālavidhāna]
Verse 20.30 < [Chapter 20: nimnoccādiphalāni]
Verse 30.11 < [Chapter 30: rājagṛha]
Verse 33.16 < [Chapter 33: athāśvaśālā]
Verse 45.32 < [Chapter 45: aṣṭaṅga-lakṣaṇa]
Verse 48.126 < [Chapter 48: gṛhadoṣanirūpaṇa]
Verse 56.126 < [Chapter 56: rucakādicatuṣṣaṣṭiprāsādaka]
Verse 57a.46 < [Chapter 57: mervādiviṃśikā]
Verse 57a.60 < [Chapter 57: mervādiviṃśikā]
Verse 57a.171 < [Chapter 57: mervādiviṃśikā]
Verse 57a.198 < [Chapter 57: mervādiviṃśikā]
Verse 57b.95 < [Chapter 57b: (appendix)]
Verse 62.41 < [Chapter 62: drā viḍaprāsāda-lakṣaṇa]
Verse 64.44 < [Chapter 64: digbhadrā diprāsāda-lakṣaṇa]
Verse 65.11 < [Chapter 65: bhūmijaprāsāda-lakṣaṇa]
Verse 65.22 < [Chapter 65: bhūmijaprāsāda-lakṣaṇa]
Verse 65.47 < [Chapter 65: bhūmijaprāsāda-lakṣaṇa]
Verse 79.18 < [Chapter 79: ṛjvāgatādisthāna-lakṣaṇa]
Verse 1.2.12 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 1.2.113 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 1.3.5 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 1.7.44 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 1.8.123 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 1.13.101 < [Chapter 13]
Verse 1.15.150 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 1.15.244 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 1.15.278 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 1.20.61 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.20.81 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.20.91 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.20.7 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.20.112 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.20.120 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.20.133 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 1.21.1 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 1.21.134 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 1.21.161 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 1.21.181 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 1.21.229 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 1.21.260 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 1.22.194 < [Chapter 22]
Verse 1.23.6 < [Chapter 23]
Verse 1.23.140 < [Chapter 23]
Hari-bhakti-vilasa [sanskrit text] (by Gaudiya Grantha Mandira)
Verse 5.217 < [Chapter 5 - Ādhiṣṭhānika-vilāsa]
Lakshminarayana Samhita [sanskrit] (by Shwetayan Vyas)
Verse 1.44.10 < [Chapter 44]
Verse 1.45.28 < [Chapter 45]
Verse 1.45.50 < [Chapter 45]
Verse 1.60.23 < [Chapter 60]
Verse 1.70.42 < [Chapter 70]
Verse 1.105.11 < [Chapter 105]
Verse 1.105.12 < [Chapter 105]
Verse 1.123.32 < [Chapter 123]
Verse 1.127.36 < [Chapter 127]
Verse 1.134.44 < [Chapter 134]
Verse 1.160.165 < [Chapter 160]
Verse 1.194.203 < [Chapter 194]
Verse 1.204.42 < [Chapter 204]
Verse 1.251.31 < [Chapter 251]
Verse 1.285.45 < [Chapter 285]
Verse 1.311.26 < [Chapter 311]
Verse 1.325.79 < [Chapter 325]
Verse 1.370.119 < [Chapter 370]
Verse 1.373.95 < [Chapter 373]
Verse 1.385.78 < [Chapter 385]
Verse 1.387.41 < [Chapter 387]
Verse 1.402.5 < [Chapter 402]
Verse 1.402.68 < [Chapter 402]
Verse 1.422.88 < [Chapter 422]
Verse 1.442.3 < [Chapter 442]
Apastamba Grihya-sutra [sanskrit]
Bhagavad-gita with four Commentaries [sanskrit]
Chapter 20 - Kanakavarṇa-avadāna
Chapter 22 - Candraprabhabodhisattvacarya-avadāna
Chapter 26 - Pāṃśupradāna-avadāna
Chapter 30 - Sudhanakumāra-avadāna
Chapter 33 - Śārdūlakarṇa-avadāna
Chapter 35 - Cūḍāpakṣa-avadānam
Mahavastu [sanskrit verse and prose]
Verse 37.239 < [Chapter 37 - Dhīmatī-avadāna]
Verse 38.959 < [Chapter 38 - Vasundhara-avadāna]
Verse 38.1002 < [Chapter 38 - Vasundhara-avadāna]
Chapter 11 - Bhīṣmottaranirghoṣa
Chapter 37 - Samantasattvatrāṇojaḥśrī
Chapter 42 - Sutejomaṇḍalaratiśrī
Lalitavistara-sutra [sanskrit]
Chapter 47 - The taking of the Yellow Robes
Chapter 104 - The story of the three sons of a Gṛhapati
Chapter 105 - The story of Kalandakanivāpa
Chapter 165 - Story of Kāśisundaraka (Kṣāntivādin)
Chapter 175 - The story of the great thief
Chapter 186 - Another story of a barber
Chapter 192 - The story of the astronomer
Chapter 216 - The story of a gṛhapati and his son
Chapter 228 - The story of Śroṇakoṭīviṃśā
Chapter 246 - The Buddha sends Maudgalyāyana to visit and comfort the old king
Chapter 262 - The story of Dharmakāma
Chapter 268 - The story of the elder son of a gṛhapati
Chapter 269 - The story of a girl and an astrologer
Chapter 293 - The story of a leader of the thieves
Chapter 320 - The story of the master-mechanic and his pupil
Verse 40.10 < [Chapter 40]
Verse 1.1.6.24 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 1.1.15.10 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 1.1.16.92 < [Chapter 16]
Verse 1.1.25.63 < [Chapter 25]
Verse 1.2.6.33 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 1.2.22.31 < [Chapter 22]
Verse 1.2.39.47 < [Chapter 39]
Verse 1.2.42.17 < [Chapter 42]
Verse 1.2.55.142 < [Chapter 55]
Verse 1.3.4.69 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 1.3.6.66 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 1.4.16.55 < [Chapter 16]
Verse 2.1.14.7 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 2.1.32.54 < [Chapter 32]
Verse 2.1.36.41 < [Chapter 36]
Verse 2.2.4.95 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 2.2.4.105 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 2.2.6.2 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 2.2.6.26 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 2.2.9.36 < [Chapter 9]
Verse 2.2.11.91 < [Chapter 11]
Verse 2.2.11.15 < [Chapter 11]
Verse 2.2.11.16 < [Chapter 11]
Verse 2.2.11.35 < [Chapter 11]
Verse 2.2.12.3 < [Chapter 12]
Verse 2.6.37 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 3.12.29 < [Chapter 12]
Verse 3.24.45 < [Chapter 24]
Verse 3.36.24 < [Chapter 36]
Verse 3.40.32 < [Chapter 40]
Verse 3.49.33 < [Chapter 49]
Verse 3.60.20 < [Chapter 60]
Verse 3.60.22 < [Chapter 60]
Verse 3.61.22 < [Chapter 61]
Verse 3.62.1 < [Chapter 62]
Verse 3.64.20 < [Chapter 64]
Verse 3.67.78 < [Chapter 67]
Verse 3.75.7 < [Chapter 75]
Verse 3.86.29 < [Chapter 86]
Verse 3.87.4 < [Chapter 87]
Verse 3.89.25 < [Chapter 89]
Verse 3.96.17 < [Chapter 96]
Verse 3.97.25 < [Chapter 97]
Verse 3.99.11 < [Chapter 99]
Verse 3.104.9 < [Chapter 104]
Verse 3.106.65 < [Chapter 106]
Verse 3.116.1 < [Chapter 116]
Verse 3.140.13 < [Chapter 140]
Verse 4.3.48 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 4.8.42 < [Chapter 8]
Harivamsa [appendix] [sanskrit]
Verse 2.6 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 20.232 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 31.610 < [Chapter 31]
Verse 31.843 < [Chapter 31]
Verse 31.859 < [Chapter 31]
Verse 31.2982 < [Chapter 31]
Verse 31.3376 < [Chapter 31]
Verse 4.58 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 5.43 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 9.37 < [Chapter 9]
Verse 13.32 < [Chapter 13]
Verse 24.119 < [Chapter 24]
Verse 2.86 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 2.273 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 3.138 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 4.485 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 7.30 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 11.63 < [Chapter 11]
Kautilya Arthashastra [sanskrit]
Brihat-katha-shloka-samgraha [sanskrit]
Verse 4.90 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 15.79 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 18.563 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 19.164 < [Chapter 19]
Verse 25.30 < [Chapter 25]
Verse 2.51.9 < [Chapter 51]
Verse 3.55.2 < [Chapter 55]
Verse 3.55.3 < [Chapter 55]
Verse 3.66.7 < [Chapter 66]
Verse 3.70.29 < [Chapter 70]
Verse 3.74.18 < [Chapter 74]
Verse 3.83.101 < [Chapter 83]
Verse 3.138.1 < [Chapter 138]
Verse 3.148.37 < [Chapter 148]
Verse 3.189.1 < [Chapter 189]
Verse 3.191.23 < [Chapter 191]
Verse 3.198.42 < [Chapter 198]
Verse 3.245.25 < [Chapter 245]
Verse 4.38.25 < [Chapter 38]
Verse 5.37.45 < [Chapter 37]
Verse 5.39.42 < [Chapter 39]
Verse 5.59.22 < [Chapter 59]
Verse 6.10.39 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 7.13.45 < [Chapter 13]
Verse 7.18.28 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 7.19.17 < [Chapter 19]
Verse 7.34.28 < [Chapter 34]
Verse 7.35.31 < [Chapter 35]
Verse 7.42.3 < [Chapter 42]
Verse 7.68.51 < [Chapter 68]
Verse 2.5.51 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 2.5.54 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 2.8.24 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 2.10.38 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 2.11.75 < [Chapter 11]
Verse 2.18.43 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 2.22.63 < [Chapter 22]
Verse 4.8.64 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 4.8.199 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 4.14.17 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 4.17.17 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 4.18.121 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 4.18.129 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 4.20.76 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 4.24.117 < [Chapter 24]
Verse 4.33.72 < [Chapter 33]
Verse 5.4.4.6 < [Kāṇḍa 5, Adhyāya 4, Brāhmaṇa 4]
Verse 14.4.1.3 < [Kāṇḍa 14, Adhyāya 4, Brāhmaṇa 1]
Verse 14.4.1.4 < [Kāṇḍa 14, Adhyāya 4, Brāhmaṇa 1]
Verse 14.4.1.5 < [Kāṇḍa 14, Adhyāya 4, Brāhmaṇa 1]
Verse 14.4.1.6 < [Kāṇḍa 14, Adhyāya 4, Brāhmaṇa 1]
Verse 14.4.1.7 < [Kāṇḍa 14, Adhyāya 4, Brāhmaṇa 1]
Verse 4.98 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 17.16 < [Chapter 17]
Verse 21.96 < [Chapter 21]
Verse 33.67 < [Chapter 33]
Paramesvara-samhita [sanskrit]
Verse 5.79 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 6.48 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 6.49 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 7.279 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 7.348 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 11.50 < [Chapter 11]
Verse 14.153 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 14.232 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 14.258 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 14.457 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 14.482 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 14.484 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 18.26 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 18.73 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 19.433 < [Chapter 19]
Verse 24.13 < [Chapter 24]
Purushottama-samhita [sanskrit]
Verse 4.56 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 14.35 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 14.41 < [Chapter 14]
Verse 28.73 < [Chapter 28]
Verse 28.37 < [Chapter 28]
Bhrigu-samhita [sanskrit] (by Members of the Sansknet Project)
Verse 22.172 < [Chapter 22 - snapanam]
Verse 27.256 < [Chapter 27 - prāyaścittam]
Verse 27.324 < [Chapter 27 - prāyaścittam]
Verse 32.75 < [Chapter 32 - prakīrṇakam]
Verse 37.27 < [Chapter 37 - triyugadharma prapañcaḥ]
Verse 37.47 < [Chapter 37 - triyugadharma prapañcaḥ]
Verse 14.7 < [Chapter 14 - nakṣatrakūrmādhyāyaḥ [nakṣatrakūrma-adhyāya]]
Verse 87.39 < [Chapter 87 - virutādhyāyaḥ [viruta-adhyāya]]
Verse 88.3 < [Chapter 88 - śvacakrādhyāyaḥ [śvacakra-adhyāya]]
Verse 95.7 < [Chapter 95 - śākunottarādhyāyaḥ [śākunottara-adhyāya]]
Verse 4.37 < [Chapter 4]
Manusmriti [sanskrit] (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 58.13 < [Chapter 58]
Verse 83.40 < [Chapter 83]
Verse 96.92 < [Chapter 96]
Verse 213.4 < [Chapter 213]
Verse 214.41 < [Chapter 214]
Verse 272.8 < [Chapter 272]
Verse 273.8 < [Chapter 273]
Verse 337.9 < [Chapter 337]
Verse 1.10.23 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 1.16.010 < [Chapter 16]
Verse 1.18.5 < [Chapter 18]
Verse 3.16.12 < [Chapter 16]
Verse 3.30.13 < [Chapter 30]
Verse 4.9.21 < [Chapter 9]
Verse 4.10.2 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 4.13.6 < [Chapter 13]
Verse 4.15.2 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 5.9.17 < [Chapter 9]
Verse 5.15.9 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 5.15.14 < [Chapter 15]
Verse 6.10.20 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 7.8.26 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 7.8.35 < [Chapter 8]
Verse 7.10.32 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 8.4.20 < [Chapter 4]
Verse 8.10.21 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 8.10.33 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 8.13.20 < [Chapter 13]
Verse 9.1.41 < [Chapter 1]
Verse 10.10.27 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 10.43.20 < [Chapter 43]
Verse 10.50.39 < [Chapter 50]
Verse 10.53.52 < [Chapter 53]
Verse 1.2.87 < [Chapter 2]
Verse 1.16.16 < [Chapter 16]
Verse 1.39.13 < [Chapter 39]
Verse 1.65.6 < [Chapter 65]
Verse 1.135.6 < [Chapter 135]
Verse 1.162.51 < [Chapter 162]
Verse 2.1.7.59 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 2.1.10.45 < [Chapter 10]
Verse 2.1.20.35 < [Chapter 20]
Verse 2.2.3.9 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 2.2.3.39 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 2.2.5.4 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 2.2.5.16 < [Chapter 5]
Verse 2.2.12.5 < [Chapter 12]
Verse 2.2.19.41 < [Chapter 19]
Verse 2.2.19.60 < [Chapter 19]
Verse 2.2.19.160 < [Chapter 19]
Verse 2.3.3.2 < [Chapter 3]
Verse 2.3.6.2 < [Chapter 6]
Verse 2.3.7.1 < [Chapter 7]
Verse 2.3.9.1 < [Chapter 9]
Verse 3.3.23.130 < [Chapter 23]
Verse 3.3.25.60 < [Chapter 25]
Verse 3.3.31.108 < [Chapter 31]
Verse 3.4.8.4 < [Chapter 8]