Sanskrit quote nr. 630 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अतीता शीतार्तिः प्रसरति शनैरुष्मकणिका दिनानि स्फायन्ते रविरपि रथं मन्थरयति ।
हिमानीनिर्मुक्तः स्फुरति नितरां शीतकिरणः शराणां व्यापारः कुसुमधनुषो न व्यवहितः ॥

atītā śītārtiḥ prasarati śanairuṣmakaṇikā dināni sphāyante ravirapi rathaṃ mantharayati |
himānīnirmuktaḥ sphurati nitarāṃ śītakiraṇaḥ śarāṇāṃ vyāpāraḥ kusumadhanuṣo na vyavahitaḥ ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Atita (atītā, अतीता): defined in 11 categories.
Arti (अर्ति): defined in 9 categories.
Rati (ratī, रती): defined in 24 categories.
Shanaih (sanaih, śanaiḥ, शनैः): defined in 1 categories.
Kanika (kaṇika, कणिक, kaṇikā, कणिका): defined in 13 categories.
Dina (दिन): defined in 16 categories.
Ravi (रवि): defined in 19 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Ratha (रथ): defined in 17 categories.
Manthara (मन्थर): defined in 7 categories.
Yat (यत्): defined in 2 categories.
Yati (yatī, यती): defined in 18 categories.
Himani (himānī, हिमानी): defined in 3 categories.
Nirmukta (निर्मुक्त): defined in 8 categories.
Sphurat (स्फुरत्): defined in 6 categories.
Nitaram (nitarām, नितराम्): defined in 3 categories.
Nitara (nitarā, नितरा): defined in 1 categories.
Shitakirana (sitakirana, śītakiraṇa, शीतकिरण): defined in 3 categories.
Vyapara (vyāpāra, व्यापार): defined in 12 categories.
Kusumadhanus (कुसुमधनुस्): defined in 1 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Vyavahita (व्यवहित): defined in 7 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Buddhism, Sanskrit, Pali, Purana (epic history), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Ayurveda (science of life), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Biology (plants and animals), Hinduism, Jainism, Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Kavyashastra (science of poetry), Tamil, Prakrit, Yoga (school of philosophy), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Nepali, Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “atītā śītārtiḥ prasarati śanairuṣmakaṇikā dināni sphāyante ravirapi rathaṃ mantharayati”
atītā -
atītā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
śītā -
śīta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

śīta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

śītā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

√śi -> śīta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √śi class 3 verb], [vocative single from √śi class 5 verb]

√śi -> śīta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √śi class 3 verb], [vocative single from √śi class 5 verb]

√śi -> śītā (participle, feminine)

[nominative single from √śi class 3 verb], [nominative single from √śi class 5 verb]

√śī -> śīta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √śī class 4 verb]

√śī -> śīta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √śī class 4 verb]

√śī -> śītā (participle, feminine)

[nominative single from √śī class 4 verb]

√śyā -> śīta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √śyā class 1 verb]

√śyā -> śīta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √śyā class 1 verb]

√śyā -> śītā (participle, feminine)

[nominative single from √śyā class 1 verb]
artiḥ -
arti (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
prasa -
√pras (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
rati -
rati (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

ratī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]
śanair -
śanaiḥ (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]
uṣma -
uṣma (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

uṣman (noun, masculine)

[compound]
kaṇikā* -
kaṇika (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

kaṇikā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
dināni -
dina (noun, neuter)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
sphāyante -
√sphā (verb class 1)

[present middle third plural]
ravir -
ravi (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
api -
api (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

ap (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
ratham -
ratha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]
manthara -
manthara (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

manthara (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
yati -
yati (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

yatin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

yati (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

yatī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

yat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

yat (noun, neuter)

[locative single]

√i -> yat (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √i class 2 verb]

√i -> yat (participle, neuter)

[locative single from √i class 2 verb]

√i -> yatī (participle, feminine)

[vocative single from √i class 2 verb]
Line 2: “himānīnirmuktaḥ sphurati nitarāṃ śītakiraṇaḥ śarāṇāṃ vyāpāraḥ kusumadhanuṣo na vyavahitaḥ”
himānī -
himānī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [nominative single]
nirmuktaḥ -
nirmukta (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
sphurati -
sphurat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

sphurat (noun, neuter)

[locative single]

√sphur -> sphurat (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √sphur class 6 verb]

√sphur -> sphurat (participle, neuter)

[locative single from √sphur class 6 verb]

√sphur (verb class 6)

[present active third single]
nitarām -
nitarām (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

nitarā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
śītakiraṇaḥ -
śītakiraṇa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
śarāṇām -
śara (noun, masculine)

[genitive plural]

śara (noun, neuter)

[genitive plural]
vyāpāraḥ -
vyāpāra (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
kusumadhanuṣo* -
kusumadhanus (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
vyavahitaḥ -
vyavahita (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 630 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 23 April, 2019