Sanskrit quote nr. 1664 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अन्तेनार्जुनतां दधाति नयनं मध्ये तथा कृष्णतां द्वैरूप्यं दधतामुना विरचितः कर्णेन ते विग्रहः ।
तत्कर्णार्जुनकृष्णविग्रहवती साक्षात् कुरुक्षेत्रतां यातासि त्वदवाप्तिरेव तरुणि श्रेयः परं गण्यते ॥

antenārjunatāṃ dadhāti nayanaṃ madhye tathā kṛṣṇatāṃ dvairūpyaṃ dadhatāmunā viracitaḥ karṇena te vigrahaḥ |
tatkarṇārjunakṛṣṇavigrahavatī sākṣāt kurukṣetratāṃ yātāsi tvadavāptireva taruṇi śreyaḥ paraṃ gaṇyate ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Anta (अन्त): defined in 16 categories.
Arjuna (अर्जुन): defined in 19 categories.
Ta (tā, ता): defined in 11 categories.
Nayana (नयन): defined in 15 categories.
Madhye (मध्ये): defined in 2 categories.
Madhya (मध्य, madhyā, मध्या): defined in 23 categories.
Tatha (tathā, तथा): defined in 6 categories.
Krishnata (krsnata, kṛṣṇatā, कृष्णता): defined in 1 categories.
Dvairupya (dvairūpya, द्वैरूप्य): defined in 2 categories.
Viracita (विरचित): defined in 9 categories.
Karna (karṇa, कर्ण): defined in 22 categories.
Tad (तद्): defined in 5 categories.
Yushmad (yusmad, yuṣmad, युष्मद्): defined in 3 categories.
Vigraha (विग्रह): defined in 14 categories.
Tat (तत्): defined in 7 categories.
Krishna (krsna, kṛṣṇa, कृष्ण): defined in 23 categories.
Vigrahavat (विग्रहवत्): defined in 1 categories.
Sakshat (saksat, sākṣāt, साक्षात्): defined in 8 categories.
Saksha (saksa, sākṣa, साक्ष): defined in 2 categories.
Kurukshetra (kuruksetra, kurukṣetra, कुरुक्षेत्र): defined in 12 categories.
Avapti (avāpti, अवाप्ति): defined in 5 categories.
Eva (एव): defined in 6 categories.
Taruni (taruṇī, तरुणी): defined in 10 categories.
Taru (तरु): defined in 14 categories.
Shreyah (sreyah, śreyaḥ, श्रेयः): defined in 1 categories.
Shreyas (sreyas, śreyas, श्रेयस्): defined in 8 categories.
Shreya (sreya, śreya, श्रेय): defined in 4 categories.
Param (परम्): defined in 7 categories.
Para (पर): defined in 20 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Prakrit, Hindi, Kannada, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Hinduism, Vastushastra (architecture), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Ayurveda (science of life), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Kavyashastra (science of poetry), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Nepali, Buddhism, Shilpashastra (iconography), Gitashastra (science of music), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “antenārjunatāṃ dadhāti nayanaṃ madhye tathā kṛṣṇatāṃ dvairūpyaṃ dadhatāmunā viracitaḥ karṇena te vigrahaḥ”
antenā -
anta (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

anta (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
arjuna -
arjuna (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

arjuna (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
tām -
tā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

sā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
dadhāti -
√dhā (verb class 3)

[present active third single]
nayanam -
nayana (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

nayana (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

nayanā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
madhye -
madhye (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

madhya (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

madhya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

madhyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
tathā -
tathā (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tathā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
kṛṣṇatām -
kṛṣṇatā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
dvairūpyam -
dvairūpya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
dadhatām -
√dadh (verb class 1)

[imperative active third dual], [imperative middle third single]

√dhā (verb class 1)

[imperative active third dual], [imperative middle third single]

√dhā (verb class 3)

[imperative middle third plural]
unā -
u (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

ū (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
viracitaḥ -
viracita (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
karṇena -
karṇa (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]
te -
ta (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

tā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

tad (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[dative single], [genitive single]
vigrahaḥ -
vigraha (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “tatkarṇārjunakṛṣṇavigrahavatī sākṣāt kurukṣetratāṃ yātāsi tvadavāptireva taruṇi śreyaḥ paraṃ gaṇyate”
tat -
tat (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tad (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
karṇā -
karṇa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
arjuna -
arjuna (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

arjuna (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kṛṣṇa -
kṛṣṇa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

kṛṣṇa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
vigrahavatī -
vigrahavat (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
sākṣāt -
sākṣāt (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sākṣa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]

sākṣa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [ablative single]
kurukṣetra -
kurukṣetra (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

kurukṣetra (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
tām -
tā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

sā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
yātāsi -
√yā (verb class 2)

[periphrastic-future active second single]
tvad -
yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[ablative single]
avāptir -
avāpti (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
eva -
eva (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

eva (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

eva (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
taruṇi -
taruṇī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

taru (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
śreyaḥ -
śreyaḥ (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

śreyas (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

śreyas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

√śrā -> śreya (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √śrā class 1 verb], [nominative single from √śrā class 2 verb], [nominative single from √śrā class 4 verb]

√śrai -> śreya (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √śrai class 1 verb], [nominative single from √śrai class 2 verb], [nominative single from √śrai class 4 verb]

√śri -> śreya (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √śri class 1 verb]

√śrī -> śreya (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √śrī class 9 verb]
param -
param (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

para (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

para (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
gaṇyate -
√gaṇ (verb class 10)

[present passive third single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 1664 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 24 April, 2019