Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes the six kinds of internal austerities (abhyantara-tapa) which is verse 9.20 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 20 of the chapter Stoppage and Shedding of Karmas and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 9.20 - The six kinds of internal austerities (ābhyantara-tapa)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 9.20:
प्रायश्चित्तविनयवैयावृत्त्यस्वाध्यायव्युत्सर्गध्यानान्युत्तरम् ॥ ९.२० ॥
prāyaścittavinayavaiyāvṛttyasvādhyāyavyutsargadhyānānyuttaram || 9.20 ||
Expiation–prāyaścitta, reverence–vinaya, service–vaiyāvṛttya, study–svādhyāya, renunciation–vyutsarga, and meditation–dhyāna, are the internal (ābhyantara) austerities (tapa). (20)
Hindi Anvayarth:
अन्वयार्थ: [प्रायश्चित्तविनयवैयावृत्त्यस्वाध्यायव्युत्सर्गध्यानानि] सम्यक् रूप से प्रायश्चित्त, सम्यक् विनय, सम्यक् वैयावृत्त्य, सम्यक् स्वाध्याय, सम्यक् व्युत्सर्ग और सम्यक् ध्यान [उत्तरम्] ये छः प्रकार के अभ्यन्तर तप हैं।
Anvayartha: [prayashcittavinayavaiyavrittyasvadhyayavyutsargadhyanani] samyak rupa se prayashcitta, samyak vinaya, samyak vaiyavrittya, samyak svadhyaya, samyak vyutsarga aura samyak dhyana [uttaram] ye chah prakara ke abhyantara tapa haim |
Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:
The divisions of internal austerities (tapa [tapas]) are described next.
How are these internal? These are internal as the mind is restrained or subdued through these. The removal of faults due to negligence (pramāda) is expiation (prāyaścitta). Veneration to the holy personages is reverence (vinaya). Service (vaiyāvṛttya) is the help rendered to the saints in difficulty by bodily activity or with things. Contemplation of knowledge or giving up sloth or idleness is study (svādhyāya). The giving up of the attitude of ‘I’ and ‘mine’ is renunciation (vyutsarga). Checking the ramblings of the mind is meditation (dhyāna).