Shaiva Upanishads (A Critical Study)

by Arpita Chakraborty | 2013 | 33,902 words

This page relates ‘Method of Meditation’ of the study on the Shaiva Upanishads in English, comparing them with other texts dealing with the Shiva cult (besides the Agamas and Puranas). The Upaniṣads are ancient philosophical and theological treatises. Out of the 108 Upanishads mentioned in the Muktikopanishad, 15 are classified as Saiva-Upanisads.

Sitting in a secluded place, in an easy posture, pure, with a neck, head, and body erect, living in the last of the orders of religious life, having controlled all the sense, saluting his own preceptor with reverence,[1] meditating within the lotus of the heart (on Brahman), untainted, pure, clear and griefless. (Who is) unthinkable, unmanifest, of endless forms, the good, the peaceful, Immortal, the origin of the worlds, without beginning, middle, and end, the only one, all-pervading, Consciousness, and Bliss, the formless and the wonderful.[2]

Meditating on the highest Lord, allied to Umā, powerful, three-eyed, blue-necked, and tranquil, the holy man reaches Him who is the source of all, the witness of all and is beyond darkness (i.e. Avidyā).[3]

[...] Kaivalya Upaniṣad verse 8

He is Brahmā, He is Śiva, He is Indra, He is the immutable, the Supreme, the Self-luminous, He alone is Viṣṇu, He is Prāṇa, He is Time and Fire, He is the Moon.[4]

He alone is all that was, and all that will be, the Eternal; knowing Him, one transcends death; there is no other way to freedom.[5]

[...] Kālagnirudra Upaniṣad verse 11

Should such a consummation be not attained, then, making his own inner sense the lower Araṇi (sacrificial chip of wood) and the Praṇava the upper Araṇi-chip, and practising the extraction through mathana, (churning) investigation aided by resourcefulness resulting from the study of Vedānta of the fire of realization (through the actual perception of the form of the Brahman, by remaining confirmed in the attitude, “I am the Brahman that is the substratum of all misconceptions superimposed on it”), the accomplished adept completely burns up and reduces to ashes his sin of the ignorance of the Ātman.[6]

Footnotes and references:

[1]:

Kaivalya Upaniṣad verse 5

[2]:

Ibid verse 6. [...]

[3]:

Ibid verse 7.

[4]:

Ibid verse 8. [...]

[5]:

Ibid verse 9 -see com. of Upaniṣad Brahmayogin. [...]

[6]:

Ibid verse 11.

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