Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.3.82
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.3.82:
विकल्पोत्थापितेनैव सर्वो भावेन लौकिकः ।
मुख्येनेव पदार्थेन व्यवहारो विधीयते ॥ ८२ ॥vikalpotthāpitenaiva sarvo bhāvena laukikaḥ |
mukhyeneva padārthena vyavahāro vidhīyate || 82 ||82. All worldly usage is carried out with objects created by mental construction as with primary objects.
Commentary
Helārāja here quotes the definition of vivarta found in the vṛtti on Vāk. I. 1.
[Read verse 82 above]
[After having seen the object during the middle stage, one imagines a previous and a posterior stage for it and thus it becomes endowed with sequence and then one postulates a relation of causality and talks about bhāva and abhāva. This is worldly usage which is the result of nescience.]