Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.19.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वं नृभि॑र्नृमणो दे॒ववी॑तौ॒ भूरी॑णि वृ॒त्रा ह॑र्यश्व हंसि । त्वं नि दस्युं॒ चुमु॑रिं॒ धुनिं॒ चास्वा॑पयो द॒भीत॑ये सु॒हन्तु॑ ॥
त्वं नृभिर्नृमणो देववीतौ भूरीणि वृत्रा हर्यश्व हंसि । त्वं नि दस्युं चुमुरिं धुनिं चास्वापयो दभीतये सुहन्तु ॥
tvaṃ nṛbhir nṛmaṇo devavītau bhūrīṇi vṛtrā haryaśva haṃsi | tvaṃ ni dasyuṃ cumuriṃ dhuniṃ cāsvāpayo dabhītaye suhantu ||

English translation:

“You, the lord of horses, who are honoured by men, have destroyed, along with the Maruts, numerousenemies at the sacrifice of the gods; you have put to sleep with the thunderbolt the Dasyus, Chumuri, and Dhuni,on behalf of Dabhīti.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । नृऽभिः॑ । नृ॒ऽम॒नः॒ । दे॒वऽवी॑तौ । भूरी॑णि । वृ॒त्रा । ह॒रि॒ऽअ॒श्व॒ । हं॒सि॒ । त्वम् । नि । दस्यु॑म् । चुमु॑रिम् । धुनि॑म् । च॒ । अस्वा॑पयः । द॒भीत॑ये । सु॒ऽहन्तु॑ ॥
त्वम् । नृभिः । नृमनः । देववीतौ । भूरीणि । वृत्रा । हरिअश्व । हंसि । त्वम् । नि । दस्युम् । चुमुरिम् । धुनिम् । च । अस्वापयः । दभीतये । सुहन्तु ॥
tvam | nṛ-bhiḥ | nṛ-manaḥ | deva-vītau | bhūrīṇi | vṛtrā | hari-aśva | haṃsi | tvam | ni | dasyum | cumurim | dhunim | ca | asvāpayaḥ | dabhītaye | su-hantu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.19.4 English analysis of grammar]

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

nṛbhir < nṛbhiḥ < nṛ

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

nṛmaṇo < nṛmaṇaḥ < nṛmaṇas

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

devavītau < deva

[noun], masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

devavītau < vītau < vīti

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

bhūrīṇi < bhūri

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“much; many; much(a); abundant; rich; mighty; distinguished.”

vṛtrā < vṛtra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“enemy.”

haryaśva

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; Haryaśva.”

haṃsi < han

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

dasyuṃ < dasyum < dasyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“savage; outcast; mugger.”

cumuriṃ < cumurim < cumuri

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

dhuniṃ < dhunim < dhuni

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

cāsvāpayo < ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

cāsvāpayo < asvāpayaḥ < svāpay < √svap

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“put to sleep.”

dabhītaye < dabhīti

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Dabhīti.”

suhantu < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suhantu < hantu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“killing.”

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