Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.85.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

नी॒चीन॑बारं॒ वरु॑ण॒: कव॑न्धं॒ प्र स॑सर्ज॒ रोद॑सी अ॒न्तरि॑क्षम् । तेन॒ विश्व॑स्य॒ भुव॑नस्य॒ राजा॒ यवं॒ न वृ॒ष्टिर्व्यु॑नत्ति॒ भूम॑ ॥
नीचीनबारं वरुणः कवन्धं प्र ससर्ज रोदसी अन्तरिक्षम् । तेन विश्वस्य भुवनस्य राजा यवं न वृष्टिर्व्युनत्ति भूम ॥
nīcīnabāraṃ varuṇaḥ kavandham pra sasarja rodasī antarikṣam | tena viśvasya bhuvanasya rājā yavaṃ na vṛṣṭir vy unatti bhūma ||

English translation:

Varuṇa has set free the (water of the) downward opening cloud for the (benefit of the) heaven, the earth, and the firmament, thence is the monarch of all the world, watering the soil as the rain bedews the barley.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Yavam na vṛṣṭir vynatti bhūma: vṛṣṭi = sekta, the sprinkler, the man, pumān, who waters the soil

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

नी॒चीन॑ऽबारम् । वरु॑णः । कव॑न्धम् । प्र । स॒स॒र्ज॒ । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । अ॒न्तरि॑क्षम् । तेन॑ । विश्व॑स्य । भुव॑नस्य । राजा॑ । यव॑म् । न । वृ॒ष्टिः । वि । उ॒न॒त्ति॒ । भूम॑ ॥
नीचीनबारम् । वरुणः । कवन्धम् । प्र । ससर्ज । रोदसी इति । अन्तरिक्षम् । तेन । विश्वस्य । भुवनस्य । राजा । यवम् । न । वृष्टिः । वि । उनत्ति । भूम ॥
nīcīna-bāram | varuṇaḥ | kavandham | pra | sasarja | rodasī iti | antarikṣam | tena | viśvasya | bhuvanasya | rājā | yavam | na | vṛṣṭiḥ | vi | unatti | bhūma

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.85.3 English analysis of grammar]

nīcīnabāraṃ < nīcīna

[noun]

“downward(ip).”

nīcīnabāraṃ < bāram < bāra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

varuṇaḥ < varuṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

kabandham < kabandha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“torso; kabandha; hose.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

sasarja < sṛj

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

rodasī < rodas

[noun], accusative, dual, neuter

“heaven and earth; Earth.”

antarikṣam < antarikṣa

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“sky; atmosphere; air; abhra.”

tena < tad

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

viśvasya < viśva

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

bhuvanasya < bhuvana

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”

rājā < rājan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”

yavaṃ < yavam < yava

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“barley; yava; barleycorn; yava [word]; yava; yavakṣāra; grain.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vṛṣṭir < vṛṣṭiḥ < vṛṣṭi

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“rain; shower; rainy season.”

vy < vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

unatti < und

[verb], singular, Present indikative

bhūma < bhūman

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“Earth; floor.”

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