Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.57.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
शु॒नं वा॒हाः शु॒नं नर॑: शु॒नं कृ॑षतु॒ लाङ्ग॑लम् । शु॒नं व॑र॒त्रा ब॑ध्यन्तां शु॒नमष्ट्रा॒मुदि॑ङ्गय ॥
शुनं वाहाः शुनं नरः शुनं कृषतु लाङ्गलम् । शुनं वरत्रा बध्यन्तां शुनमष्ट्रामुदिङ्गय ॥
śunaṃ vāhāḥ śunaṃ naraḥ śunaṃ kṛṣatu lāṅgalam | śunaṃ varatrā badhyantāṃ śunam aṣṭrām ud iṅgaya ||
English translation:
“May the oxen (draw) happily, the men (labour) happily; the plural ugh furrows happily; may the traces bind happily; wield the goad happily.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Happily: śunam vāhāḥ śunam naraḥ: śunam = sukham, sukham yathā bhavati tathā, so that plural asure is or may be; as a person nification it is the divinity through whose favour the work goes well, sukhakṛd devaḥ, who may be either vāyu or Indra
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): śunaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
शु॒नम् । वा॒हाः । शु॒नम् । नरः॑ । शु॒नम् । कृ॒ष॒तु॒ । लाङ्ग॑लम् । शु॒नम् । व॒र॒त्राः । ब॒ध्य॒न्ता॒म् । शु॒नम् । अष्ट्रा॑म् । उत् । इ॒ङ्ग॒य॒ ॥
शुनम् । वाहाः । शुनम् । नरः । शुनम् । कृषतु । लाङ्गलम् । शुनम् । वरत्राः । बध्यन्ताम् । शुनम् । अष्ट्राम् । उत् । इङ्गय ॥
śunam | vāhāḥ | śunam | naraḥ | śunam | kṛṣatu | lāṅgalam | | śunam | varatrāḥ | badhyantām | śunam | aṣṭrām | ut | iṅgaya
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.57.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“well-being; success.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“horse; draft horse; carrier.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“well-being; success.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“well-being; success.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“plow; drag; pull; dry; irritate.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“plow; lāṅgalaka.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“well-being; success.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“cord; strap.”
[verb], plural, Imperativ Pr¦s. Passiv
“bandh; tie; envelop; close; dress; wrap; bind; constipate; fixate; shape; paralyze; construct; bandage; compress; beset; oblige; strap; restrain; bind; gesticulate; wear; bar; bandh; connect; stud; mix; obstruct; write; restrain; bind; persecute; enclose; ligature; fill into; fasten.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“well-being; success.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“prod.”
[adverb]
“up.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative