Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.18.11
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त मा॒ता म॑हि॒षमन्व॑वेनद॒मी त्वा॑ जहति पुत्र दे॒वाः । अथा॑ब्रवीद्वृ॒त्रमिन्द्रो॑ हनि॒ष्यन्त्सखे॑ विष्णो वित॒रं वि क्र॑मस्व ॥
उत माता महिषमन्ववेनदमी त्वा जहति पुत्र देवाः । अथाब्रवीद्वृत्रमिन्द्रो हनिष्यन्त्सखे विष्णो वितरं वि क्रमस्व ॥
uta mātā mahiṣam anv avenad amī tvā jahati putra devāḥ | athābravīd vṛtram indro haniṣyan sakhe viṣṇo vitaraṃ vi kramasva ||
English translation:
“His mother inquired of the mighty Indra, have these deities deserted you, my son? then Indra and Viṣṇu, my friend (if you) purpose slaying Vṛtra exert your greatest prowess.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāditī ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त । मा॒ता । म॒हि॒षम् । अनु॑ । अ॒वे॒न॒त् । अ॒मी इति॑ । त्वा॒ । ज॒ह॒ति॒ । पु॒त्र॒ । दे॒वाः । अथ॑ । अ॒ब्र॒वी॒त् । वृ॒त्रम् । इन्द्रः॑ । ह॒नि॒ष्यन् । सखे॑ । वि॒ष्णो॒ इति॑ । वि॒ऽत॒रम् । वि । क्र॒म॒स्व॒ ॥
उत । माता । महिषम् । अनु । अवेनत् । अमी इति । त्वा । जहति । पुत्र । देवाः । अथ । अब्रवीत् । वृत्रम् । इन्द्रः । हनिष्यन् । सखे । विष्णो इति । वितरम् । वि । क्रमस्व ॥
uta | mātā | mahiṣam | anu | avenat | amī iti | tvā | jahati | putra | devāḥ | atha | abravīt | vṛtram | indraḥ | haniṣyan | sakhe | viṣṇo iti | vi-taram | vi | kramasva
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.18.11 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Old World buffalo; Mahiṣa; Mahiṣa.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“circulate.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“that; John Doe; yonder; from here.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“abandon; decrease; want; kill; deteriorate; get rid of; exclude; lose; avoid; remove; leave; abandon; neglect; leave; discard; apostatize; discontinue; weaken; abandon; assail; subtract; foreswear; pour away; withdraw; depart; reduce.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[adverb]
“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Vishnu; Krishna; Viṣṇu; Om; Shiva.”
[adverb]
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“kram; step; go; continue; proceed; traverse; heat.”