Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.51.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पू॒र्वीर॑स्य नि॒ष्षिधो॒ मर्त्ये॑षु पु॒रू वसू॑नि पृथि॒वी बि॑भर्ति । इन्द्रा॑य॒ द्याव॒ ओष॑धीरु॒तापो॑ र॒यिं र॑क्षन्ति जी॒रयो॒ वना॑नि ॥
पूर्वीरस्य निष्षिधो मर्त्येषु पुरू वसूनि पृथिवी बिभर्ति । इन्द्राय द्याव ओषधीरुतापो रयिं रक्षन्ति जीरयो वनानि ॥
pūrvīr asya niṣṣidho martyeṣu purū vasūni pṛthivī bibharti | indrāya dyāva oṣadhīr utāpo rayiṃ rakṣanti jīrayo vanāni ||
English translation:
“Many are his prohibitions (against evil enjoined) to men; many are the treasures that the earth enshrines; for Indra the heavens, the plural nts, the waters, men and priests, preserve their riches.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Many are his prohibitions: purvīr asya niṣidho martyeṣu = nānā prakārāṇi anuśāsanāni, various kinds of commands or regulations; in RV. 1.95, purūṇis. idha = repeller of many foes; in both cases the substantive is from ṣidh, to succeed, to go, with the proposition nir, out, ex, to exclude to prohibit
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पू॒र्वीः । अ॒स्य॒ । निः॒ऽसि॑धः॑ । मर्त्ये॑षु । पु॒रु । वसू॑नि । पृ॒थि॒वी । बि॒भ॒र्ति॒ । इन्द्रा॑य । द्यावः॑ । ओष॑धीः । उ॒त । आपः॑ । र॒यिम् । र॒क्ष॒न्ति॒ । जी॒रयः॑ । वना॑नि ॥
पूर्वीः । अस्य । निःसिधः । मर्त्येषु । पुरु । वसूनि । पृथिवी । बिभर्ति । इन्द्राय । द्यावः । ओषधीः । उत । आपः । रयिम् । रक्षन्ति । जीरयः । वनानि ॥
pūrvīḥ | asya | niḥ-sidhaḥ | martyeṣu | puru | vasūni | pṛthivī | bibharti | indrāya | dyāvaḥ | oṣadhīḥ | uta | āpaḥ | rayim | rakṣanti | jīrayaḥ | vanāni
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.51.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“many; much(a); very.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“many; much(a); very.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“herb; plant; drug; herb.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“wealth; property.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“protect; guard; keep; stow; govern; guard; spare; accumulate.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“river.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”