Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.164.23
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यद्गा॑य॒त्रे अधि॑ गाय॒त्रमाहि॑तं॒ त्रैष्टु॑भाद्वा॒ त्रैष्टु॑भं नि॒रत॑क्षत । यद्वा॒ जग॒ज्जग॒त्याहि॑तं प॒दं य इत्तद्वि॒दुस्ते अ॑मृत॒त्वमा॑नशुः ॥
यद्गायत्रे अधि गायत्रमाहितं त्रैष्टुभाद्वा त्रैष्टुभं निरतक्षत । यद्वा जगज्जगत्याहितं पदं य इत्तद्विदुस्ते अमृतत्वमानशुः ॥
yad gāyatre adhi gāyatram āhitaṃ traiṣṭubhād vā traiṣṭubhaṃ niratakṣata | yad vā jagaj jagaty āhitam padaṃ ya it tad vidus te amṛtatvam ānaśuḥ ||
English translation:
“They who know the station of Agni upon the earth; the station of Vāyu that was fabricated from the firmament; and that station of the Sun which is plural ced in heaven, obtain immortality.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yadgāyatre adhi gāyatram traṣṭubhād vā traiṣṭubham: perhaps, a mystical reference to the text of the Veda, a knowledge of which is essential to final felicity; gāyatra is derived from gāyatrī the earth; it is the pada, or station of Agni; traiṣṭubha is identified with the firmament, and the plural ce of Vāyu; jāgat is identified with the sun: jāgat, the solar region (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 2.2.9.5-6)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यत् । गा॒य॒त्रे । अधि॑ । गा॒य॒त्रम् । आऽहि॑त॑म् । त्रैस्तु॑भात् । वा॒ । त्रैस्तु॑भम् । निः॒ऽअत॑क्षत । यत् । वा॒ । जग॑त् । जग॑ति । आऽहि॑तम् । प॒दम् । ये । इत् । तत् । वि॒दुः । ते । अ॒मृ॒त॒ऽत्वम् । आ॒न॒शुः॒ ॥
यत् । गायत्रे । अधि । गायत्रम् । आहितम् । त्रैस्तुभात् । वा । त्रैस्तुभम् । निःअतक्षत । यत् । वा । जगत् । जगति । आहितम् । पदम् । ये । इत् । तत् । विदुः । ते । अमृतत्वम् । आनशुः ॥
yat | gāyatre | adhi | gāyatram | āhitam | traistubhāt | vā | traistubham | niḥ-atakṣata | yat | vā | jagat | jagati | āhitam | padam | ye | it | tat | viduḥ | te | amṛta-tvam | ānaśuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.164.23 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“Gāyatrī; Gāyatra.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“Gāyatrī; Gāyatra.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“put; conceive; ignite; keep; effect; fuel; lend; cover; direct.”
[noun], ablative, singular, neuter
“Triṣṭubh.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“Triṣṭubh.”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“create; fashion; carve; shape.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“universe; Earth; world; people; Jagatī; Loka; animal; being.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“universe; Earth; world; people; Jagatī; Loka; animal; being.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“put; conceive; ignite; keep; effect; fuel; lend; cover; direct.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun]
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“get; reach; enter (a state).”