Section CIX - Description of Dakshina (South): Celestial Rishis, Pitris, and Rakshasas in Hindu Mythology
Book index: Mahabharata (English)
This page contains a summary of the Mahabharata Section CIX including examples of moral lessons in daily life. The Maha-Bharata is one of the largest epics ever written containing roughly 100,000 Sanskrit verses. It deals with the legendary history of ancient India and contains a large number of interwoven tales.
Short summary of the chapter:
In this tale narrated by Narada, Garuda describes the Dakshina region as the dwelling place of the Pitris and celestial beings subsisting on smoke alone. It is a region where celestial Rishis and Pitriloka Rishis reside in great happiness, surrounded by religion and truth. The acts of individuals bear fruit in this region, serving as the destination for the dead. Malevolent Rakshasas and Gandharvas inhabit this region, where sacred hymns are chanted by the latter. The story recounts instances of illustrious beings like Raivata, Manu, Ravana, and Vritra in the Dakshina region, showcasing their actions and consequences.
Garuda's explanation highlights the impact of one's deeds in determining their fate in the afterlife. The region is depicted as a realm where beings undergo judgment and experience the results of their actions, whether good or bad. The Vaitarani river symbolizes the journey of souls condemned to hell, and the extremes of happiness and misery are experienced by those who reach this region. The presence of divine beings, celestial rulers, and powerful entities like Vasuki and Airavata adds to the mystical and varied nature of the Dakshina region.
The dark and mysterious nature of the Dakshina region is emphasized, with the journey towards it marked by thick gloom and obscurity. Even the Sun and Agni cannot penetrate this darkness, signifying the challenges and uncertainties of the path ahead. The mention of the city Bhogavati ruled by powerful beings like Vasuki and Takshaka adds to the allure and complexity of this realm. Regardless of one's status or worthiness, all individuals are destined to pass through this region on their journey after death. The choice to embark on this path or explore the western direction is left to the listener, inviting contemplation on the mysteries and possibilities of the afterlife.
Full English translation:
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Section CIX, online text
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguli.
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Mahabharata (English Summary)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguli | ISBN-10: 8121505933
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FAQ of Mahabharata, Section CIX:
What are some interesting tales related to the southern region described in the story?
Learn about the sacrifices, celestial beings, and legendary figures residing in the region.
What challenges and experiences await individuals traveling to the southern region?
Discover the presence of Malevolent Rakshasas, divine sages, and the river Vaitarani.
Daily life: Description of Dakshina (South): Celestial Rishis, Pitris, and Rakshasas in Hindu Mythology:
The story narrates about a mythical realm to the south, inhabited by divine beings and filled with both blessings and tribulations, emphasizing the consequences of one's actions. In daily life, this can inspire us to acknowledge the dual nature of existence, recognizing that our choices lead to respective outcomes, good or bad. It teaches the importance of living a virtuous life, guided by principles of truth and righteousness, to attain happiness and avoid suffering. The narrative also encourages an appreciation for learning and self-improvement, as depicted by the characters who through ascetic practices and studying the Vedas, achieved higher states of being.
The story suggests a path towards seeking knowledge and spiritual growth, implying that such endeavors can lead to liberation and the transcendence of worldly suffering. It underlines the need to prepare for life's inevitable challenges with wisdom and courage. By integrating these morals into our daily lives, we can strive to live in harmony with the universal principles of cause and effect, aiming for a balanced existence that honors both the material and the spiritual aspects of our journey.