A study on lymphadenopathy like disorders as described in ayurveda
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A study on lymphadenopathy like disorders as described in ayurveda
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Bhanita, Dr. Hemen Kalita and Dr. Pankaj Kr. Barman
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A study on lymphadenopathy like disorders as described in ayurveda
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201913-16336
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study conducted by Dr. Bhanita and colleagues aims to identify and classify disorders similar to lymphadenopathy in Ayurvedic medicine. Lymphadenopathy is characterized by abnormal enlargement of lymph nodes, which can result from various factors, including infections, malignancies, or other pathologies. The research seeks to explore concepts from Ayurveda that parallel modern understandings of lymphadenopathy, focusing on six specific diseases: Arbuda, Granthi, Apachi, Gandamala, Pashangadarbh, and Bidarika. A clinical study involving 20 cases was initiated to record important characteristics and to establish a correlation between modern and Ayurvedic terminologies and diagnoses.
Dominance of Granthi
One significant finding from the study is the predominance of the disease Granthi among the subjects examined. Out of the 20 cases, Granthi was identified in 9 patients, accounting for 45% of the total population studied. This indicates that Granthi may have a more significant clinical manifestation resembling lymphadenopathy than the other diseases reviewed. The implications of this finding suggest potential pathways for further exploration into Granthi's etiology, diagnostic criteria, and management based on Ayurvedic principles.
Gender and Age Distribution
The study further reveals interesting demographic insights, particularly regarding gender and age distribution among the patients. The majority of the cases were found in males (65%), indicating a possible male predisposition for lymphadenopathy-like disorders when examined through the Ayurvedic lens. Age-wise, the most affected group was between 21-30 years, comprising 30% of the subjects. This demographic data emphasizes the necessity for targeted screening and diagnostic measures within these demographics in both Ayurvedic and modern medical practices.
Characteristics of Lymphadenopathy-like Disorders
The research also evaluated distinct characteristics of the lymphadenopathy-like disorders in the studied population. The results indicated that the majority of the lymph nodes examined were soft in consistency (55%) and tender (60%). Furthermore, 75% of the nodes were mobile, suggesting they are not fixed or deeply seated. The regular and smooth surface of nodes was found in 80% of cases, aligning with the Ayurvedic descriptions of these conditions. These observations are critical for clinicians to differentiate between various lymphadenopathy presentations and formulate appropriate treatment plans.
Conclusion
In concluding the study, it is established that various disorders found in Ayurveda can be associated with lymphadenopathy, particularly Granthi, Arbuda, Gandamala, Bidarika, and Pashangadarbh, while Apachi was excluded from this classification. Although the small sample size limits the generalizability of these findings, the research highlights the need for further studies with larger cohorts to solidify the correlations and distinctions between Ayurvedic concepts and modern medical definitions of lymphadenopathy. The exploration of these disorders not only enriches Ayurvedic understanding but also has implications for integrating traditional practices with contemporary medical knowledge.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is lymphadenopathy and how is it characterized?
Lymphadenopathy is an abnormal enlargement of lymph nodes, characterized by size, number, or consistency changes, often indicating underlying issues such as infections or malignancy.
Which disorders related to lymphadenopathy were studied in Ayurveda?
The study identified five disorders in Ayurveda related to lymphadenopathy: Arbuda, Granthi, Apachi, Gandamala, Pashangadarbh, and Bidarika.
What were the age demographics of the subjects in the study?
The study found that the majority of subjects (30%) were aged 21-30 years, while participants from other age groups were also represented, demonstrating no significant age preference.
What gender was more prevalent among lymphadenopathy cases in the study?
Males predominated in the study, accounting for 65% of the cases, highlighting a significant gender difference in the occurrence of lymphadenopathy like disorders.
What consistency was most commonly observed in lymphadenopathy cases?
The study revealed that the majority of lymphadenopathy cases (55%) exhibited soft consistency, indicating that this characteristic may be commonly associated with these disorders.
How did the study classify lymphadenopathy like disorders in Ayurveda?
The study classified Arbuda, Granthi, Gandamala, Bidarika, and Pashangadarbh as lymphadenopathy like disorders in Ayurveda, excluding Apachi, based on observed characteristics and patient data.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A study on lymphadenopathy like disorders as described in ayurveda”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
The term 'Study' refers to the systematic investigation into lymphadenopathy-like disorders within the context of Ayurveda. The researchers conducted a clinical study with a sample of 20 cases, gathering data on symptoms, characteristics, and potential Ayurvedic correlations. This exploration underscores the need for integrating Ayurvedic insights into modern diagnostics and treatment protocols.
2) Disease:
The term 'Diseases' encompasses the various conditions investigated within the study, specifically conditions akin to lymphadenopathy identified in Ayurveda: Arbuda, Granthi, Apachi, Gandamala, Pashangadarbh, and Bidarika. By categorizing these diseases, the study aims to establish a clear understanding of their clinical manifestations and underlying mechanisms.
3) Observation:
The word 'Observation' is crucial as it encapsulates the data gathered during the study. This includes the clinical features of the patients, the characteristics of the lymphadenopathy observed, and demographic data like age and gender. Each observation contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the disorders and aids in classification within Ayurveda.
4) Discussion:
'Discussion' denotes the analytical part of the research where results are interpreted. This section evaluates how findings relate to existing knowledge, including the age distribution, consistency, type of lymph nodes affected, and tenderness. It forms the basis for drawing informed conclusions about the clinical implications of lymphadenopathy-like disorders.
5) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
'Ayurveda' is significant as it is the traditional Indian system of medicine that informs the study's framework. The research connects contemporary medical findings with Ayurvedic concepts, proposing that certain Ayurvedic diseases can be classified alongside modern lymphadenopathy, enhancing the understanding of how Ayurveda interprets various health conditions.
6) Table:
'Table' indicates structured data presentation within the research, summarizing observations related to demographics, characteristics, and other clinical findings. Tables facilitate quick comparisons and highlight patterns in the data, making it easier for practitioners to grasp important statistics and thus inform clinical decision-making.
7) Granthi (Gramthi):
'Granthi' is one of the Ayurvedic conditions identified in the study closely related to lymphadenopathy. It symbolizes the swollen or nodular growths that may occur in lymphatic tissues, making it significant for classification. Understanding Granthi contributes to a comprehensive view of Ayurvedic perspectives on lymphatic disorders.
8) Surface:
In this context, 'Surface' describes the physical characteristics of the lymph nodes affected by the conditions studied. Terms like 'vritta' (smooth) and 'matted' are crucial for clinicians to understand the nature of the swellings as they can indicate the underlying pathology or type of lymphatic disorder.
9) Apachi:
'Apachi' is another Ayurvedic condition explored in the study, considered in the analysis of lymphadenopathy-like disorders. While it was identified as a relevant term, its absence in the final observations suggests its lesser prevalence or its distinct pathology, prompting further inquiry into its clinical significance.
10) Gandamala (Ganda-mala):
'Gandamala' is recognized as one of the Ayurvedic disorders classified in the study. It refers to a type of swelling or growth that resembles lymphadenopathy. Including Gandamala enriches the comparative study of Ayurvedic terminology against the manifestations observed in modern medical settings for better understanding.
11) Arbuda:
'Arbuda' pertains to deep-seated tumors or lumps, adding another classification under lymphadenopathy within Ayurveda. The identification of Arbuda contributes to the study's aim of correlating Ayurvedic concepts to clinical findings, highlighting its relevance as a comparable condition in modern medical analysis.
12) Vritta (Vrtta):
'Vritta' indicates the surface characteristics of lymphadenopathy, particularly relating to shape and regularity. The identification of 'vritta' surfaces as predominant in the study provides essential insights for differential diagnosis and highlights patterns that may guide treatment strategies in Ayurvedic practice.
13) Seat (Seated):
'Seated' relates to the physical exam findings of lymphadenopathy, distinguishing between fixed (deep-seated) and movable lymph nodes. This observation is vital as it provides diagnostic clues regarding the nature and potential malignancy of the lymphadenopathy, essential for determining appropriate management options in treatment.
14) Ruja:
'Ruja' translates to tenderness or pain experienced by patients with lymphadenopathy-like disorders. This characteristic is significant as it indicates potential inflammation or aggressive pathology, which can inform the severity of the condition, helping clinicians prioritize levels of intervention required for patient care.
15) Male:
'Male' signifies the gender distribution noted in the study, revealing a predominance of male patients with lymphadenopathy-like disorders. Understanding demographic trends such as this assists in recognizing potential risk factors and influences treatment approaches tailored to specific populations within Ayurvedic contexts.
16) Ankura (Amkura):
'Ankura' signifies growth or sprouting, often used in Ayurveda to describe certain types of swellings or lesions. This association aids in interpreting the nature of the lymphadenopathy observed within the study through an Ayurvedic lens, assisting healthcare providers in linking traditional concepts with clinical findings.
17) Mamsa (Mamsha):
'Mamsa' indicates the soft tissue component involved in the swellings or lymph node conditions described. This term enhances the understanding of lymphatic and associated tissue changes that occur in lymphadenopathy, bridging traditional Ayurvedic knowledge with modern clinical presentations of disease.
18) Roga:
'Roga' represents the concept of disease in Ayurveda. Understanding how Roga pertains to lymphadenopathy opens avenues for examining the totality of diseases according to Ayurvedic classifications, emphasizing the interconnectedness of bodily systems in diagnosing and treating conditions beyond the mere symptomatology.
19) Chala (Chala°):
'Chala' denotes mobility regarding the affected lymph nodes in the study. Understanding these dynamics is vital as mobile nodes may indicate less severe, benign conditions compared to fixed nodes. This distinction plays a key role in triaging patients and determining follow-up strategies.
20) Shalyatantra (Salyatantra, Shalya-tantra, Shalyatamtra):
'Shalya-tantra' refers to the surgical aspect of Ayurveda. This term is relevant as it provides the context for potential surgical interventions that may be indicated for severe cases of lymphadenopathy, especially when malignant processes are suspected, thus integrating surgical principles with Ayurvedic practice.
21) Avagadha:
'Avagadha' relates to the characteristic of being deep-seated or fixed, which in the context of lymph nodes can suggest a more serious condition. Recognizing this attribute aids in guiding the diagnostic path and determining the urgency of treatment required in clinical practice.
22) Swelling:
'Swelling' broadly describes the condition of lymphadenopathy, defining the clinical presentation observed in the patients studied. Understanding this term in an Ayurvedic context allows healthcare providers to define treatment approaches better suited to the nature of the swelling, whether inflammatory or neoplastic.
23) Snigdha:
'Snigdha' describes the quality of being smooth or soft, particularly in reference to the consistency of lymph nodes in the study. Recognizing such qualitative characteristics enhances diagnosis and inform treatment strategies grounded in both modern medical practices and traditional Ayurvedic principles.
24) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
'Tantra' represents the concept of technique or systemic approach in Ayurveda, emphasizing methodology in diagnosing and treating lymphadenopathy-like conditions. Understanding these techniques helps integrate Ayurvedic practice with clinical methodologies for enhanced patient care delivery.
25) Kalita:
Kalita refers to Dr. Hemen Kalita, one of the contributors to the study. Acknowledging his role underlines the collaborative nature of research, fostering an environment where diverse expertise combines to investigate and advance understanding of disorders within Ayurvedic and modern medical frameworks.
26) Shalya (Salya):
'Shalya' relates to surgical practices in Ayurveda and is essential within the context of treating lymphadenopathy-related disorders when surgical intervention becomes necessary. This underscores the importance of recognizing when surgical techniques aligned with Ayurvedic principles should be applied in clinical scenarios.
27) Wisdom:
'Wisdom' in the context implies discernment in identifying the correct diagnosis and treatment based on both Ayurvedic and modern medical knowledge. This term stresses the necessity for practitioners to harness their experience and insights when evaluating lymphadenopathy-like conditions.
28) Ulcer:
'Ulcer' refers to a potential cause of lymphadenopathy, as infections or malignancies in regions like the oral cavity can result in lymph node swelling. Understanding this connection expands clinical awareness of lymphadenopathy, shaping a holistic approach in treatment addressing underlying factors.
29) Cira:
'Chira' refers to the chronicity or duration of the diseases. Acknowledging 'Chira' aids in understanding the timeline of the lymphadenopathy-like conditions, thereby assisting practitioners in formulating suitable treatment plans based on the disease's duration and potential implications for overall health.
30) Alpa:
'Alpa' translates to small or lesser, often used to describe nodes or other features observed in clinical practice. This term assists practitioners in identifying specific traits associated with lymphadenopathy, distinguishing it from other conditions based on size or presentation.
31) Mula:
'Mula' conveys the essence or root of a problem in Ayurveda. This term's significance lies in guiding healthcare providers to consider underlying causes of lymphadenopathy-like disorders, ensuring a deeper exploration into the patients’ health to facilitate comprehensive treatment that targets root issues.
32) Pain:
'Pain' is a critical symptom to assess in lymphadenopathy cases, indicating inflammation or potential malignancy. Understanding the pain characteristics contributes significantly to diagnosing the underlying condition, influencing treatment approaches that may integrate pain management into the overall therapeutic strategy.