Phytochemical profiling and docking of Wrightia tinctoria for psoriasis.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Phytochemical profiling and insilco docking studies of wrightia tinctoria against for psoriasis
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
R. Sharmila and S. Hariprasanth
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Phytochemical profiling and insilco docking studies of wrightia tinctoria against for psoriasis
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20183-10817
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Wrightia tinctoria, a medicinal plant widely recognized for its therapeutic properties, has been the subject of various studies focusing on its phytochemical composition, antibacterial, and antipsoriatic activities. This research aimed to explore the presence of bioactive compounds in Wrightia tinctoria, particularly its bark, and to assess its potential effectiveness against psoriasis through in silico docking studies. Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder characterized by accelerated skin cell proliferation and associated complications, making it crucial to investigate alternative treatments derived from natural sources such as this plant.
Phytochemical Profiling of Wrightia tinctoria
The study identified important phytochemicals in Wrightia tinctoria, including alkaloids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. A series of solvent extractions (with ethanol, chloroform, propanol, and methanol) revealed that propanol was the most effective solvent for extracting these bioactive components. The presence of these phytochemicals suggests that Wrightia tinctoria may possess numerous health benefits, particularly in combating infections and inflammatory conditions due to its broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The effectiveness of the extracts was confirmed through various assays comparing their potency against known antibiotics.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity
The antimicrobial potential of Wrightia tinctoria extracts was evaluated using the disc diffusion method against several bacterial strains, including Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus. The propanol extracts demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, particularly against Enterobacter species. In addition to antimicrobial properties, the study also assessed the antioxidant activity of these extracts using the DPPH assay. The antioxidant capacity was indicated by the ability to reduce free radicals, suggesting that the extracts could offer protective effects against oxidative stress.
In Silico Docking Studies against Psoriasin
The research included in silico studies, docking phytocompounds obtained from Wrightia tinctoria with the Human psoriasin (1PSR) protein. The results highlighted that certain active compounds exhibited strong binding affinities towards the 1PSR, which is associated with psoriasis development. Squalene, one of the tested compounds, showed particular promise in inhibiting the target protein. This molecular interaction suggests that the phytochemicals of Wrightia tinctoria could lead to the development of effective treatments for psoriasis and related skin disorders.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Wrightia tinctoria demonstrates significant pharmacological properties, particularly its phytochemical profile which supports its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The in silico docking studies further validate its potential therapeutic applications for psoriasis treatment. While the findings are encouraging, further studies and clinical evaluations are essential to fully realize the therapeutic potential of Wrightia tinctoria and to facilitate its practical application in clinical settings for the benefit of patients suffering from psoriasis and other skin conditions.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are the medicinal properties of Wrightia tinctoria?
Wrightia tinctoria exhibits various pharmacological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antipsoriatic properties due to its rich composition of phytochemicals.
What methods were used to extract compounds from Wrightia tinctoria?
The study used Soxhlet apparatus to extract compounds from dried bark using solvents like ethanol, chloroform, propanol, and methanol to analyze their properties.
Which bacteria did Wrightia tinctoria extracts show antibacterial activity against?
The extracts demonstrated antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, and other clinically significant bacteria.
What were the main findings from the antioxidant activity assays?
The propanol extract of Wrightia tinctoria exhibited significant antioxidant activity, with a notable ability to reduce DPPH free radicals.
What significance does the protein Human Psoriasin have in this study?
Human Psoriasin (1PSR) is targeted in this research, highlighting its connection with psoriasis and the efficacy of Wrightia tinctoria phytocompounds in inhibiting it.
What future work is needed for Wrightia tinctoria's applications in therapy?
Further evaluations are necessary to assess the clinical applications of Wrightia tinctoria formulations for psoriasis treatment and other health benefits.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Phytochemical profiling and docking of Wrightia tinctoria for psoriasis.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
Activity refers to the behavior or function exhibited by a substance, particularly in the context of biological effects. In the realm of pharmaceuticals, it highlights the efficacy of compounds in eliciting desired responses, such as antibacterial or anti-inflammatory effects, which is essential for developing effective treatments for various conditions.
2) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants, attributed with health-promoting properties. They play significant roles in preventing diseases due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory capabilities. Understanding phytochemicals is vital for research in herbal medicine, as they form the basis for discovering potential therapeutic agents from plant sources.
3) Table:
In scientific literature, tables are structured formats used to present data clearly and concisely. Tables facilitate comparison and analysis of various aspects, such as experimental results or phytochemical profiles. They enhance the reader's understanding of the data, summarizing findings effectively within the broader context of research.
4) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotic refers to a substance that can kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. These compounds are fundamental in treating bacterial infections, yet rising antibiotic resistance poses challenges in healthcare. Researching new antibiotics and natural alternatives, such as those derived from plants, is crucial for combating resistant bacterial strains.
5) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of drugs and their interactions with biological systems. This field encompasses the effects and mechanisms of actions of various substances, facilitating the understanding of how different compounds can alter physiology. Researching pharmacological properties is fundamental for drug development and therapeutic applications.
6) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation aimed at exploring a specific hypothesis or question within a scientific framework. It involves methods to gather data, analyze results, and draw conclusions. In pharmaceutical research, studies are crucial for validating the efficacy and safety of potential drugs or treatments before clinical application.
7) Drug:
Drugs refer to chemical agents used to diagnose, cure, or prevent health conditions. The search for new drugs involves extensive research, focusing on their efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action. Studying both synthetic and natural drugs aids in developing therapies for various diseases, addressing public health needs.
8) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamilnadu is a state in southern India known for its rich biodiversity and traditional medicine. It plays a significant role in the collection and study of medicinal plants. Research originating from Tamilnadu often contributes to understanding traditional herbal remedies and their potential applications in modern medicine, especially in treating various ailments.
9) Disease:
Diseases refer to disruptances in normal bodily function, often characterized by specific symptoms. Understanding diseases, their causes, and potential treatments is fundamental to healthcare. Researching the effects of natural compounds on diseases helps identify alternative therapeutic options and enhances the overall strategies for managing public health.
10) Surface:
Surface often refers to the outer layer or boundary of a substance. In pharmacological research, it can relate to how molecules interact with surfaces at a microscopic level or how biologically active compounds interact with target proteins or membranes, influencing their efficacy as therapeutic agents.
11) Aureus:
*Staphylococcus aureus* is a common bacterial pathogen causing various infections. It is particularly notable for its ability to develop resistance to antibiotics. Studying antibacterial compounds against *S. aureus* helps identify effective treatments for infections caused by this resilient species, contributing to improving healthcare outcomes in infectious diseases.
12) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytochemicals known for their antioxidant properties and health benefits. They contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases and are abundant in many plants. Researching flavonoids helps understand their biological roles, potential therapeutic applications, and mechanisms of action in disease prevention and treatment.
13) Medicine:
Medicines encompass a wide range of substances used to treat, cure, or prevent diseases. The study of medicines includes their formulation, mechanisms of action, and clinical effectiveness. Innovative research in medicine often aims to improve therapeutic outcomes, understanding how various substances can be used to address health challenges.
14) India:
India is a diverse country with a rich history of traditional and modern medicine. The exploration of medicinal plants in India contributes significantly to the global scientific community’s understanding of natural remedies and their pharmacological potentials, playing an integral role in the study of herbal medicine and biotechnology.
15) Water:
Water is essential for all forms of life and is a crucial solvent in scientific experiments. In research involving plant extracts, water can serve as a solvent for various compounds, impacting their bioavailability and activity. Understanding the role of water in these processes is vital for effective extraction methods.
16) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transform relates to changing the form, appearance, or structure of something. In pharmaceutical contexts, the transformation of compounds during synthesis or metabolism can affect their efficacy and safety. Understanding transformation processes is vital for developing effective drugs and for optimizing their therapeutic effects in clinical applications.
17) Measurement:
Measurement involves assigning numbers to quantify physical properties or phenomena, which is crucial for scientific research. In pharmacology, accurate measurement of the potency, concentration, and effects of substances ensures reliable data for developing effective treatments. Consistent measurement practices uphold research accuracy and validity across studies.
18) Discussion:
Discussion is a critical component of scientific writing, where results are interpreted, compared, and contextualized within existing literature. A well-structured discussion clarifies the implications of findings, explores their significance, and outlines future research directions, contributing to a deeper understanding of the topic being studied.
19) Suffering:
Suffering refers to the experience of physical or mental pain or distress. In the context of diseases like psoriasis, understanding the impact of suffering informs treatment approaches. Addressing suffering through effective medicinal practices aims to improve patients’ quality of life through pain management and enhancement of well-being.
20) Swelling:
Swelling is a common symptom associated with inflammation or injury, often indicating underlying health issues. Understanding the causes and treatments for swelling, particularly in conditions like psoriasis, helps develop effective therapeutic strategies. Anti-inflammatory treatments aim to reduce swelling and alleviate discomfort for sufferers of various conditions.
21) Species:
Species is a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. In pharmacological research, understanding the diversity of plant species is crucial, as different species may possess unique bioactive compounds with varying therapeutic potentials. Conservation of species diversity also aids in sustainable medicinal practices.
22) Family:
Family in biological taxonomy refers to a group of related plants or animals. Understanding the family classification helps researchers identify potential medicinal attributes based on shared characteristics. Phytochemical profiles can vary significantly between families, guiding the search for bioactive compounds in drug discovery and development.
23) Cancer:
Cancer is a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. Researching potential cancer treatments involves exploring various agents, including phytochemicals from plants. Studies on plants like *Wrightia tinctoria* can reveal compounds that inhibit cancer cell proliferation, contributing to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
24) Medium:
Medium refers to the substance in which an organism is cultured or the environment in which a reaction occurs. In laboratory settings, selecting an appropriate medium is crucial for growing microorganisms or extracting compounds. The medium can influence the outcome of experiments and the effectiveness of extraction methods.
25) Powder:
Powder refers to a finely ground substance, often used in the preparation of herbal medicines or pharmaceutical formulations. The texture and particle size of powders can affect the solubility and bioavailability of active compounds. Proper powder preparation is essential in herbal medicine for consistent results and efficacy.
26) Valley:
Valley often denotes a low area between hills or mountains, typically with fertile land suitable for agriculture and biodiversity. The geographical context, such as Vasan Valley mentioned in research, plays a crucial role in identifying and collecting medicinal plants, impacting the availability of natural resources for study.
27) Sugar:
Sugar, a type of carbohydrate, is primarily known for its role in providing energy. It also plays a role in biological reactions and can influence the extraction of phytochemicals from plants. Understanding sugar's effects in biological systems can aid in developing more efficient medicinal products and applications.
28) Field:
Field refers to an area of specialized study or practical application, such as pharmacology or botany. Research within a specific field guides the development and application of knowledge in real-world scenarios. Fields like herbal medicine focus on understanding plant properties and their applications in treating health issues.
29) Road:
Roads are vital infrastructure for transportation, connecting different regions and facilitating trade and research. The mention of roads can signify access to areas rich in biodiversity for collecting plant samples and resources necessary for research. Efficient transportation enhances the fieldwork essential for understanding various medicinal plants.