Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of dissolving buccal films of lovastatin
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of dissolving buccal films of lovastatin
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The study focuses on the development of dissolving mucoadhesive buccal films for the delivery of Lovastatin, a medication known for its cholesterol-lowering properties. Conducted by researchers from the Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, the objective was to enhance the bioavailability of Lovastatin by utilizing a buccal route to circumvent its extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. By employing various mucoadhesive polymers and a solvent casting technique, the researchers aimed to create a formulation that is effective at delivering the drug via the buccal mucosa.
2) Enhancement of Bioavailability through Buccal Drug Delivery
One of the significant concepts presented in this research is the potential of buccal drug delivery in improving the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs like Lovastatin. The buccal mucosa is highly vascularized, facilitating direct absorption into the bloodstream, which can increase the therapeutic effect of drugs while minimizing systemic side effects. The investigation illustrates that using mucoadhesive films can effectively retain the drug within the buccal cavity, allowing for improved solubility and faster absorption compared to traditional oral methods of administration.
3) Polymer Selection and Formulation Techniques
Another important aspect of the study is the careful selection of mucoadhesive polymers and the formulation of the buccal films. The researchers tested various polymers including Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC), Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), and Chitosan, assessing their compatibility and characteristics. The solvent casting technique was employed to prepare the films, and different concentrations of polymers and plasticizers were evaluated. The findings indicated that an optimal combination of HPMC and PEG400 produced films with the best characteristics for drug delivery, highlighting the importance of formulation variables in achieving desired release profiles and mucoadhesive properties.
4) Evaluation of Film Characteristics and Drug Release
The study conducted extensive in vitro evaluations of the formulated buccal films, examining parameters such as weight variation, film thickness, folding endurance, and drug content. Notably, the dissolution studies revealed that films containing HPMC exhibited a higher cumulative percentage of drug release, suggesting that the formulation not only facilitated drug retention but also ensured effective release for absorption. Moreover, compatibility studies using techniques like ATR, DSC, and XRD confirmed that the chosen formulations did not interact negatively with Lovastatin, further validating the efficacy of the developed buccal films.
5) Conclusion
In summary, the research demonstrates that dissolving mucoadhesive buccal films represent a promising approach to enhance the delivery of Lovastatin, offering a non-invasive alternative that improves its bioavailability by bypassing first-pass metabolism. The findings support the potential for commercial applications of such films in pharmaceutical formulations aimed at poorly water-soluble drugs. However, the researchers caution that further in vivo studies are essential to conclusively establish increased bioavailability in clinical settings, suggesting a fruitful avenue for future research in drug delivery systems.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Manju Rani and Bhag Chand
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of dissolving buccal films of lovastatin
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201710-9363
Download the PDF file of the original publication
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the dissolving buccal films for lovastatin?
The dissolving mucoadhesive buccal films aim to deliver lovastatin through the buccal mucosa, bypassing first-pass metabolism and improving the drug's bioavailability.
Which polymers were used in the formulation of buccal films?
The study utilized mucoadhesive polymers such as HPMC, PVA, PVP, CMC, Carbopol 934, and Chitosan to develop the dissolving buccal films for lovastatin.
How is the preparation of dissolving buccal films conducted?
Dissolving buccal films are prepared by dissolving hydrophilic polymers in hot water, combining with a drug solution, and then casting the mixture in a petridish to dry.
What tests were conducted for the in-vitro evaluation of films?
In-vitro evaluation involved tests like weight variation, film thickness, folding endurance, disintegration time, mucoadhesive strength, and drug content measurement.
What were the findings regarding drug release from the films?
The formulations showed varying cumulative drug release percentages, with the HPMC-based formulation exhibiting the highest release, indicating its potential for enhanced drug delivery.
Why is the buccal route preferred for drug administration?
The buccal route is non-invasive, allows for quick absorption into the bloodstream, and bypasses hepatic first-pass metabolism, enhancing bioavailability for poorly soluble drugs like lovastatin.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of dissolving buccal films of lovastatin”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
The term 'drug' refers to any substance that can alter physiological processes in the body, used for diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of diseases. In the context of this study, lovastatin is the primary drug being formulated into dissolving buccal films to enhance its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
2) Manju (Mamju):
Manju Rani is the primary author of the study, identified as a researcher in the Department of Pharmaceutics at the Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. Her contributions to the research project involve formulating and evaluating novel drug delivery systems, emphasizing innovation in pharmaceutical formulations.
3) Delhi:
Delhi, the capital of India, serves as the location for the Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, where the study was conducted. The city is a hub for pharmaceutical research and education, fostering advancements in drug delivery systems and contributing to the overall growth of the healthcare sector.
4) Water:
Water is a crucial solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, acting as a medium for dissolving hydrophilic polymers and other components in the preparation of buccal films. The use of water in this study ensures the formation of films that can disintegrate and release drugs effectively upon contact with saliva.
5) Table:
The term 'table' is relevant as it refers to the organized presentation of formulation data within the article. Tables summarize key experimental results, formulations, and evaluations, allowing for easy comparison and analysis, which is fundamental for discussing outcomes in scientific research.
6) Surface:
In the context of this study, 'surface' relates to the characteristics of the buccal films being evaluated, including surface pH and texture. The surface properties influence the adhesion to buccal mucosa, thereby affecting the drug release profile and overall effectiveness of the film formulations.
7) Glass:
Glass is utilized as the material for petri dishes in which the buccal films are prepared and evaluated. Its non-reactive nature ensures that it does not interfere with the pharmaceutical properties of the formulations, maintaining the integrity of the study and allowing for accurate measurements.
8) Study (Studying):
The term 'study' denotes the systematic investigation aimed at developing and evaluating dissolving buccal films of lovastatin. This study employs various experimental techniques to assess the formulation characteristics, highlighting the importance of research in advancing drug delivery systems for effective therapeutics.
9) New Delhi:
New Delhi, as part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is highlighted as the geographical context of the research. It reflects the local academic and research environment that supports pharmaceutical innovations, serving as an important center for education and scientific collaboration in India.
10) Science (Scientific):
Science underpins the research conducted in this study, particularly the fields of pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences. The systematic application of scientific principles enables researchers to explore drug formulations and evaluate their efficacy, bioavailability, and safety to improve healthcare outcomes for patients.
11) India:
India is the country where the study was conducted, highlighting its role as a burgeoning center for pharmaceutical research and development. The country’s investment in science and technology enhances drug formulation efforts, aiming to improve healthcare quality by developing novel delivery systems for various medications.
12) Blood:
In this study, 'blood' represents the target medium for drug absorption following buccal administration. The aim of using dissolving buccal films is to facilitate quick absorption of drugs, like lovastatin, into systemic circulation, bypassing first-pass metabolism and thus enhancing bioavailability.
13) Medium:
Here, 'medium' refers to the solution used in drug release testing, specifically the phosphate buffer pH 6.8, which simulates physiological conditions. Maintaining an appropriate medium is critical for conducting reliable in vitro studies that predict drug behavior in biological systems.
14) Pur:
The term 'poor' describes the solubility and bioavailability characteristics of lovastatin, classifying it as a drug that may not be effectively absorbed via traditional oral routes. The study addresses this challenge by exploring alternative formulations to enhance therapeutic outcomes through buccal delivery.
15) Irritation:
'Irritation' signifies a potential side effect of drug administration that can occur with topical formulations. The study considers the pH of the buccal films to minimize irritation to the mucosa, ensuring comfort and compliance during administration, which is paramount for patient acceptance.
16) Powder:
In the context of this study, 'powder' may refer to the physical state of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) before formulation. Understanding the properties of the powder is essential for ensuring accurate dosing and effective release in the final buccal film formulations.
17) Rani:
Manju Rani, as one of the key authors, is responsible for the overall direction and implementation of the research project. Her contributions are vital in understanding pharmacological principles, polymer science, and the development of innovative drug delivery systems.
18) Pharmacological:
The term 'pharmacological' pertains to the study of drug interactions, effects, and mechanisms of action within the body. This study aims to optimize the pharmacological aspects of lovastatin delivery through buccal films, enhancing its therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects.
19) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to the segment of the research article where results are interpreted and related back to existing knowledge in the field. It is where the authors analyze findings, provide insights into the implications of the data, and propose directions for future research.
20) Container:
In this research, 'container' can refer to the glass stoppered flask or petri dish used for conducting various tests, including drug dissolution and film preparation. The selection of appropriate containers is essential for maintaining the integrity of experimental conditions.
21) Mineral:
Mineral in this context highlights the components present in egg white, used as a model for mucus in the mucoadhesion tests. Understanding the composition of mucus aids in the development of more effective mucoadhesive drug delivery systems by mimicking natural conditions.
22) Chand:
Bhag Chand is a co-author of the study reflecting collaborative efforts in the research project. As a contributor, he aids in leveraging expertise and insights from different perspectives in pharmaceutical research to enhance the overall quality and impact of the study.
23) House:
The term 'house' may refer to the pharmaceutical suppliers like Central Drug House that provided materials for the formulations. Such suppliers play a critical role in the research and development phases by supplying high-quality ingredients necessary for drug formulation efforts.
24) Salt (Salty):
In the context of this study, 'salt' may refer to ionic compounds relevant for drug solubility or stabilization within the film formulations. Understanding the role of salts in formulation is crucial for enhancing solubility and improving drug release characteristics in buccal films.
25) Dish (Dis):
The term 'dish' specifically relates to petri dishes utilized for the film preparation and evaluations in the study. They provide a controlled environment for forming and testing the buccal films, making them essential tools in the experimental methodology.