Formulation and evaluation of levoceterizine hydrochloride transdermal patches.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Formulation and evaluation of levoceterizine hydrochloride transdermal patches.
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The formulation and evaluation of levocetirizine hydrochloride transdermal patches represent an innovative approach in the field of drug delivery systems. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable drugs to be administered through the skin, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract while maintaining a controlled release of medication into systemic circulation. This method can improve drug absorption and provide consistent plasma levels, particularly beneficial for levocetirizine, an antihistamine used to treat various allergic conditions. This research explores the preparation of transdermal patches using different polymers, highlighting the efficiency of this system compared to traditional oral administration.
Importance of Transdermal Drug Delivery
Transdermal drug delivery systems have gained popularity as a non-invasive and effective way to deliver therapeutic agents. Advances in technology have facilitated the development of methods that allow drug application directly to the site of action without damaging the skin barrier. Factors affecting transdermal delivery include skin condition, age, blood flow, and regional skin site metabolism. Understanding these factors is essential for optimizing drug formulations and ensuring effective drug absorption, making research in this area crucial for the development of better therapeutic systems.
Preparation and Evaluation of Patches
The preparation of levocetirizine transdermal patches involved using a solvent evaporation technique, where polymers such as hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) were utilized. Glycerin was incorporated as a plasticizer, enhancing the flexibility of the patches. Various physicochemical parameters were assessed, including thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, and hydration properties. Additionally, drug content uniformity was evaluated to ensure consistent dosing across the patches. These evaluations are vital in ensuring the patches' integrity and efficacy as a drug delivery method.
Drug-Polymer Compatibility and Release Studies
Compatibility studies utilizing FT-IR spectroscopy were conducted to assess interactions between levocetirizine and the polymers employed. The stability and effective release of levocetirizine were determined through the characterization of melting points, solubility, and IR spectra. The studies indicated that the patches released the drug in a controlled manner, following specific release patterns indicative of Higuchi diffusion mechanisms. This understanding of drug release kinetics is significant in the design of effective transdermal systems that achieve desired therapeutic levels over extended periods.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the development of transdermal patches for administering levocetirizine hydrochloride demonstrates a promising advance in drug delivery technology. The research highlights the advantages of this method, including improved patient compliance and steady-state drug levels. The evaluation of physicochemical properties and the compatibility of drug and polymers affirms the potential of these formulations. By minimizing the drawbacks associated with oral and parenteral routes, levocetirizine patches could represent a beneficial alternative for allergy management, warranting further exploration and clinical application.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Gorakshanath E. Bhokare and Dr. S. Z. Chemate
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Formulation and evaluation of levoceterizine hydrochloride transdermal patches.
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201710-9357
Download the PDF file of the original publication
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of transdermal drug delivery systems?
Transdermal drug delivery systems transfer drugs through the skin for systemic treatment, offering controlled drug release and avoiding gastrointestinal absorption issues associated with oral administration.
What is Levoceterizine Hydrochloride used for?
Levoceterizine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine used to treat various allergic diseases, ideally suited for transdermal administration to maintain consistent plasma drug levels during long-term therapy.
What polymers were used in the formulation of transdermal patches?
Different polymers such as Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) and Polyvinyl Pyrrolidine (PVP), among others, were utilized either alone or in combination for developing the transdermal patches.
What evaluation parameters were used for transdermal patches?
The patches were evaluated for thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, moisture content, tensile strength, percentage elongation, and drug content, among other factors.
What method was used to prepare the transdermal patches?
The transdermal patches were prepared using a solvent evaporation technique, involving the casting of a polymeric solution onto glass molds followed by controlled drying.
What were the main findings regarding the drug release rate?
Formulation F5, which used HPMC-K4M and PVP, exhibited the highest drug release rate in vitro, suggesting effective drug permeation and favorable characteristics for transdermal delivery.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Formulation and evaluation of levoceterizine hydrochloride transdermal patches.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
The term 'Drug' refers to a substance used to treat diseases or medical conditions. In the context of the research, Levoceterizine Hydrochloride is highlighted, an antihistamine used for alleviating allergic reactions. The study focuses on developing transdermal patches for efficient drug delivery, enhancing therapeutic outcomes and patient compliance.
2) Surface:
The word 'Surface' relates to the outermost layer where drug application occurs. In transdermal drug delivery, the skin's surface is essential for the effective permeation of the drug. The study pertains to the method of applying the drug patch on the skin's surface for systemic administration of medication.
3) Water:
Water is a crucial solvent in pharmacological studies and is extensively used in drug formulation processes. In this study, distilled water serves as a vehicle for preparing stock solutions. Proper solubility in water is vital for ensuring efficient delivery and optimal absorption of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
4) Study (Studying):
The term 'Study' connotes systematic investigation aimed at understanding a specific subject. The research presented revolves around formulating and evaluating transdermal patches containing Levoceterizine Hydrochloride. Such studies contribute to advancements in drug delivery systems, enhancing efficacy and safety in therapeutic practices.
5) Ahmednagar:
Ahmednagar is a geographical location signifying the institution where the research was conducted. It is the site of Dr. V.V.P.F'S College of Pharmacy. This location plays a vital role by providing the necessary facilities and academic environment for pharmaceutical research and development.
6) Glass:
The term 'Glass' refers to the material used in the construction of the molds for the transdermal films. Glass is particularly relevant in laboratory settings due to its inertness, ensuring that no reaction with the drug occurs during the formulation process, thus maintaining the integrity of the patches.
7) Gorakshanatha (Goraksanatha, Gorakhanatha, Gorakhnath, Goraksha-natha, Gorakha-natha):
Gorakshanath is the name of the lead author, indicating his role in the research. His contributions are pivotal in conducting and presenting the study on Levoceterizine Hydrochloride transdermal patches, underscoring the collaborative efforts in academic research within the pharmaceutical sciences field.
8) Powder:
The term 'Powder' describes the form of the active ingredient, Levoceterizine Hydrochloride, which needs to be effectively processed for drug formulations. The powdered form is essential for ensuring thorough mixing with polymers, facilitating homogeneous distribution within the transdermal patches for optimal drug delivery.
9) Table:
The word 'Table' refers to an organized arrangement of data, specifically the formulations and evaluation parameters used in the study. Tables present crucial information conveniently, allowing for comparative analysis of different formulations' properties, aiding in the understanding of their physicochemical characteristics and drug release profiles.
10) Discussion:
The term 'Discussion' indicates a section of the research where results are interpreted and examined in context. This part of the study addresses the significance of findings, potential implications for transdermal drug delivery, and recommendations for future research, fostering critical analysis and scientific dialogue.
11) Container:
The term 'Container' denotes the vessel used for storing the prepared transdermal patches. Proper storage conditions in sealed containers are crucial to prevent contamination and degradation of the formulations, ensuring that the patches maintain their effectiveness and stability until use.
12) Disease:
The term 'Disease' signifies any abnormal condition affecting the body. In the context of this research, it specifically alludes to allergic diseases that Levoceterizine Hydrochloride targets. Understanding the nature of these diseases informs the development of effective treatment methods through transdermal systems.
13) Species:
The word 'Species' refers to variations among living organisms that may affect drug absorption and metabolism. In this study, recognizing species differences is essential for understanding how transdermal delivery mechanisms might vary in humans versus other organisms, providing foundational knowledge for drug development and testing.
14) Patil:
Patil refers to Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil, whose foundation established the college where the research was conducted. His contributions to the field of pharmacy education underline the importance of institutional support in advancing research in pharmaceutical sciences, ultimately benefiting public health.
15) House:
In this context, 'House' refers to the simulated household environment in which certain testing conditions, like tensile strength, may have been modeled. It emphasizes the practical applications of the research findings in real-world settings striving for patient compliance and ease of use for medication delivery.
16) Blood:
The term 'Blood' is relevant as it indicates the systemic circulation targeted by the transdermal drug delivery system. Effective transdermal formulations are designed to facilitate active drug transfer into the bloodstream, thus providing therapeutic effects without the complications associated with alternative routes of administration.