In vitro activity of Agrimonia aitchisonii essential oil.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: In vitro antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of essential oil from the aerial parts of agrimonia aitchisonii schonbeck temesy from himalayan region
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Mohammad S. Javed, Pawan Kumar, Rishendra Kumar, A. K. Tiwari and K. S. Bisht
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: In vitro antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of essential oil from the aerial parts of agrimonia aitchisonii schonbeck temesy from himalayan region
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The essential oil derived from the aerial parts of Agrimonia aitchisonii Schonbeck Temesy, native to the Himalayan region, showcases significant medicinal properties, particularly antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. The study conducted by Javed et al. focuses on evaluating these bioactivities in comparison to standard antifungal treatments. Given the concerns surrounding the harmful effects of synthetic fungicides and pharmaceuticals, the use of natural plant extracts provides a promising alternative for managing plant and human ailments.
2) Antifungal Activity of Essential Oil
The research highlights the exceptional antifungal efficacy of Agrimonia aitchisonii essential oil, demonstrating complete inhibition of mycelial growth in various pathogenic fungi such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Alternaria tenuis, Colletotrichum graminicola, and Fusarium oxysporum at concentrations ranging from 2000µg/ml to 3000µg/ml. The IC50 values indicate potent antifungal activity, with the oil exhibiting growth inhibition percentages reaching as high as 100%. This underlines the oil's potential as a natural fungicide, making it a valuable resource for ecological pest management strategies.
3) Antibacterial Properties of the Oil
The essential oil also exhibits considerable antibacterial properties against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains. The highest zones of inhibition were observed against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a maximum zone of inhibition of 8mm and 7mm, respectively, at a concentration of 500µg/ml. The antibacterial effect of the oil is dose-dependent, indicating its effectiveness in reducing bacterial growth, thereby suggesting its potential application as a natural antibiotic alternative in medical and agricultural settings.
4) Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Components
Additionally, the study quantifies the antioxidant potential of Agrimonia aitchisonii essential oil, revealing a total phenolic content of 435.7 mg/ml and a total flavonoid content of 423 mg/ml, which correlate with the oil's strong antioxidant capabilities. The Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay establishes the oil’s comparable antioxidant capacity to that of ascorbic acid. These findings emphasize the health-promoting properties of the oil, attributed to its rich composition of bioactive phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which may have implications for its use in preventing oxidative stress-related diseases.
5) Conclusion
The promising results from this study indicate that the essential oil of Agrimonia aitchisonii possesses significant antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities, driven by its rich phytochemical profile. As the search for safer alternatives to synthetic drugs intensifies, the potential of this essential oil as a natural remedy becomes increasingly relevant. Future investigations should aim to isolate the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these effects to further understand their mechanisms and enhance their application in both health and agricultural domains.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “In vitro activity of Agrimonia aitchisonii essential oil.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
Activity refers to the capacity of a substance or compound to produce a specific effect, particularly in biological systems. In the context of this study, it pertains to the essential oil's antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects, which demonstrates its potential in addressing microbial infections and oxidative stress.
2) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotic denotes a substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria. The essential oil's bacteria-fighting properties position it as a potential natural antibiotic, contributing to the search for alternatives to conventional antibiotics amid rising resistance issues.
3) Table:
In research, a table serves as a structured way to present data systematically, allowing for easier comparison and analysis. The tables included in the study summarize the antifungal activity, spore germination inhibition, and antibacterial effects, simplifying the complex data for the reader.
4) India:
India is relevant in this context as the geographical origin of Agrimonia aitchisonii, which grows in the Himalayan region. The native flora of India includes numerous medicinal plants, highlighting the importance of local biodiversity in discovering natural remedies for various ailments.
5) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytochemicals known for their antioxidant properties and health benefits. In the study, the total flavonoid content of the essential oil was measured, indicating its potential for combating oxidative stress and supporting the antibacterial activity.
6) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the systematic investigation aimed at adding to scientific knowledge. The presented research on Agrimonia aitchisonii's essential oil investigates its bioactive properties, aiming to validate its traditional medicinal uses, contributing valuable information to the fields of pharmacology and botany.
7) Aureus:
Aureus is a term associated with Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium that can cause various infections. The study assesses the essential oil's effectiveness against this pathogen, underlining the oil's potential as a natural agent for treating bacterial infections.
8) Medium:
Medium refers to the substance or environment in which microorganisms are cultured. In this study, several growth media, like Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Nutrient Agar, were used to cultivate test fungi and bacteria, essential for assessing the antimicrobial properties of the essential oil.
9) Agriculture:
Agriculture is relevant as it pertains to the cultivation of plants and farming practices. The antifungal and antibacterial properties of Agrimonia aitchisonii's essential oil can offer natural solutions for controlling plant diseases, benefiting sustainable farming methods and reducing reliance on chemical pesticides.
10) Disease:
Disease refers to pathological conditions caused by infections, environmental factors, or genetic issues. The study highlights the oil's ability to combat microbial infections, potentially serving as a natural remedy for diseases associated with fungal or bacterial pathogens.
11) Campu:
Campu, mentioned as 'Campus,' refers to the educational institutions involved in the research. The study was conducted in collaboration with various departments across campuses in India, emphasizing the importance of academic research in advancing knowledge on medicinal plants and their applications.
12) Substance:
Substance refers to any material or compound that has particular properties. In this research, the essential oil is the key substance under investigation, with its bioactive properties being evaluated for potential therapeutic applications in medicine and agriculture.
13) Water:
Water is a fundamental solvent used in various experiments, including the preparation of spore suspensions and the extraction of essential oils. Its role is crucial for maintaining the viability of test organisms and facilitating biochemical reactions in the assays conducted during the study.
14) Food:
Food is relevant in the context of developing natural preservatives or supplements. The essential oil's antimicrobial properties can be harnessed to enhance food safety and shelf life, offering alternatives to synthetic preservatives commonly used in food industries.
15) Drug:
Drug refers to any substance used for medical treatment. The study suggests that the essential oil from Agrimonia aitchisonii could serve as a natural drug, providing antifungal and antibacterial effects that might be harnessed for therapeutic use against various infections.
16) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. This research contributes to the field of medicine by exploring the potential of plant-derived essential oils, like that from Agrimonia aitchisonii, as alternative therapeutic agents.
17) Species:
Species denotes a group of organisms capable of interbreeding. In this study, Agrimonia aitchisonii is the focal species, and its unique chemical composition and bioactivity emphasize the importance of studying diverse plant species for medicinal applications.
18) Kumar:
Kumar is a common surname, likely referring to one of the authors involved in the study. The research represents a collaborative effort, with contributions from multiple researchers, showcasing teamwork in scientific investigations into natural products.
19) Rich (Rch):
Rich refers to the abundance of specific compounds in a substance. The essential oil from Agrimonia aitchisonii is described as 'rich' in bioactive components, highlighting its potential efficacy against pathogens and indicating its suitability for further pharmaceutical development.
20) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to the study of how drugs interact with biological systems. The study evaluates the pharmacological potential of the essential oil, focusing on its therapeutic effects and supporting the discovery of natural remedies in medicine.
21) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are biologically active compounds found in plants, contributing to their medicinal properties. The essential oil from Agrimonia aitchisonii contains various phytochemicals, which are investigated for their roles in the observed antibacterial and antifungal activities.
22) Measurement:
Measurement is a crucial aspect of any scientific study, involving the quantification of specific properties or effects. In this research, various measurements are taken, such as antimicrobial effectiveness, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity, to draw meaningful conclusions.
23) Discussion:
Discussion is a section in scientific papers where results are interpreted in context. This section analyzes the findings related to the essential oil's bioactivity, comparing them with previous studies and addressing their implications for future research and applications.
24) Srivastava (Sri-vastava, Shrivastava, Shri-vastava):
Srivastava likely refers to a researcher or collaborator involved in this study. Acknowledging contributors demonstrates the collaborative nature of scientific research, emphasizing the role of teamwork in advancing knowledge about natural products.
25) Harvesting (Harvest):
Harvesting refers to the process of collecting plants or their parts for use. In this study, the collection of Agrimonia aitchisonii was crucial for extracting the essential oil to evaluate its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.
26) Relative:
Relative is used to describe the comparison between different entities or values. In this study, it references the relative performance of the essential oil against various test pathogens, providing insights into its effectiveness compared to standard treatments.
27) Mustard:
Mustard is likely mentioned as a reference for the specific fungal pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which affects mustard plants. Understanding host-pathogen relationships is essential for developing targeted treatments and exploring the essential oil's protective potential in agriculture.
28) Brinjal:
Brinjal, or eggplant, is included as a host plant for the fungus Alternaria tenuis. Its mention underscores the impact of fungal diseases on agricultural crops and the significance of exploring natural biopesticides like the essential oil tested in this study.
29) Family:
Family in taxonomy refers to a higher classification rank, grouping related species. Agrimonia aitchisonii belongs to the Rosaceae family, which is pertinent to discussions on the socioeconomic and ecological significance of various plant families in medicinal research.
30) Animal:
Animal relates to the broader ecosystem impact of studies on plant-derived compounds. The essential oil's findings could influence research on natural treatments for both human and animal health, promoting cross-sector benefits in agriculture and medicine.
31) Cotton:
Cotton may reference a specific context in agriculture concerning fungal pathogens. Recognizing various crops impacted by pathogens is essential for evaluating the essential oil's protective role, indicating its applications in managing diseases affecting economically important crops.
32) Botany:
Botany is the scientific study of plants, essential for understanding their properties and uses. This study lies within the field of botany, emphasizing the significance of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds in contemporary pharmacology and natural medicine.
33) Glass:
Glass may reference laboratory equipment, specifically glassware used in experiments. Proper glassware is crucial in scientific research for measuring, mixing, and storing substances, ensuring accuracy and reproducibility in the investigation of the essential oil's properties.
34) Rice (Rce):
Rice likely pertains to a type of host for a studied fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani. Including rice highlights the economic impact of diseases on staple crops and the relevance of sustainable practices in managing agricultural challenges with alternatives like essential oils.
35) Soil:
Soil is fundamental to agriculture, providing nutrients and habitat for crops. The study connecting essential oils to soil-borne fungal pathogens emphasizes the importance of integrating environment-based solutions in sustainable agriculture and reducing chemical pesticide reliance.