Review of "gendhaga vallaathi" for rheumatoid arthritis validation.

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Scientific validation on siddha sashtricherbomineral formulation “gendhaga vallaathi” for rheumatoid arthritis - a review
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Rajalakshmi. A, Vetha Merlin Kumari. H, Nalini Sofia.H, Manickavasagam.K, Mohan. S


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Scientific validation on siddha sashtricherbomineral formulation “gendhaga vallaathi” for rheumatoid arthritis - a review

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a significant autoimmune disease that primarily affects the musculoskeletal system, leading to disability and increased mortality rates. It is estimated that about 1% of the global population is affected by RA, with women encountering it three times more than men. The Siddha system of medicine, a traditional healing approach practiced mainly by Tamil-speaking populations, offers various remedies and formulations for managing such ailments. Among these, "Gendhaga Vallaathi," a herbomineral formulation, is noted for its effectiveness in treating RA, and recent scientific reviews aim to elucidate its pharmacological properties to enhance clinical applications.

The Significance of Gendhaga Vallaathi

Gendhaga Vallaathi is mentioned in the Siddha texts, particularly in "Agathiyar Gandhaga Vallaathi 600," as a remedy for rheumatoid arthritis. This formulation comprises 40 ingredients, each possessing unique medicinal properties. Historical usage together with modern scientific validation provides a comprehensive understanding of its potential benefits. The review highlights the in-vivo and in-vitro studies on the formulation’s ingredients, suggesting that structured research can improve the treatment plans in clinical settings effectively.

Medicinal Properties of Ingredients

The constituents of Gendhaga Vallaathi exhibit various pharmacological activities vital for combating rheumatoid arthritis. For instance, Semecarpus anacardium has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities, effectively reducing inflammation in animal models. Another key ingredient, Plumbago zeylanica, demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory effects through inhibition of acute inflammation. Additionally, the root of Aristolochia bracteolata exhibits both anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions, showcasing its relevance in pain management associated with RA. Each ingredient contributes uniquely to the overall therapeutic efficacy of the formulation.

Pharmacological Activities Relevant to Rheumatoid Arthritis

Several studies featured in the review highlight the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effects of Gendhaga Vallaathi's ingredients. For instance, Zingiber officinale effectively reduces edema and exhibits analgesic properties, while Terminalia chebula is noted for its immunomodulatory influences. Moreover, the combined actions of these ingredients generate a comprehensive approach to not just alleviate pain but also to address the underlying pathophysiology associated with rheumatoid arthritis, lending credence to Siddha traditional medicine in contemporary healthcare.

Conclusion

This review emphasizes that the herbal formulation Gendhaga Vallaathi possesses multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. These properties align well with the needs in treating rheumatoid arthritis, underscoring the potential of Siddha medicine as a valuable alternative or complementary approach in a modern therapeutic context. The acknowledgment of traditional practices alongside scientific inquiries may facilitate the wider acceptance and integration of such formulations in mainstream healthcare.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Gendhaga Vallaathi and its purpose?

Gendhaga Vallaathi is a herbomineral formulation from Siddha medicine used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, correlating its clinical features with Uthiravaatha Suronitham in Siddha pathology.

What diseases does rheumatoid arthritis typically affect?

Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the musculoskeletal system, leading to pain, swelling, and disability throughout the body, impacting connective tissues.

What are the symptoms of Uthiravaatha Suronitham?

Symptoms include pain and swelling in joints, loss of appetite, and mental depression, attributed to elevated Vaatham and deranged Pitham according to Siddha pathology.

What are the pharmacological activities of Gendhaga Vallaathi’s ingredients?

The ingredients exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities that are beneficial in managing rheumatoid arthritis.

How prevalent is rheumatoid arthritis globally?

About 1% of the global population is affected by rheumatoid arthritis, with women being three times more likely to have it than men.

What factors are considered triggers for rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis etiology is multifactorial, with stress considered a significant triggering factor that can impair immune tolerance and provoke autoimmune responses.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Review of "gendhaga vallaathi" for rheumatoid arthritis validation.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Activity:
Activity in this context refers to the physiological effects or pharmacological properties exhibited by the various ingredients in Siddha formulations like Gendhaga Vallaathi. These activities can include anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, which are crucial for managing conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.

2) Disease:
Disease signifies any abnormal condition affecting the body or mind. In the document, it primarily refers to rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation leading to pain, swelling, and disability, highlighting the need for effective treatment options through Siddha medicine.

3) Fever:
Fever denotes an increase in body temperature, often indicating an underlying infection or disease. In traditional medicine contexts, it might be associated with various ailments, including those treated in Siddha practices, emphasizing the importance of integrating herbal formulations for symptomatic relief.

4) Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is a specific autoimmune inflammatory disease resulting in joint pain, swelling, and potential disability. The document emphasizes its significant health burden and explores herbal treatments in the Siddha system for managing its symptoms, thus showcasing the relevance of traditional medicine in modern healthcare.

5) Siddha:
Siddha is a traditional system of medicine originating in Tamil Nadu, India, that emphasizes holistic healthcare, combining herbal remedies with spiritual practices. It focuses on maintaining health and treating diseases using natural ingredients, as evidenced in the formulations discussed in the document about rheumatoid arthritis.

6) Edema (Oedema):
Oedema describes an excess of fluid in the body's tissues causing swelling. The document discusses how Siddha formulations can help reduce oedema related to inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, highlighting their importance in managing symptoms and improving quality of life.

7) Ulcer:
Ulcer describes a sore that develops on the skin or mucous membranes due to the loss of tissue. The document references traditional herbal medicines that possess healing properties for treating ulcers, highlighting their multifunctional benefits beyond managing rheumatoid arthritis.

8) Pain:
Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience that can accompany various physical conditions, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. The document discusses the importance of using Siddha formulations to alleviate pain, emphasizing analgesic properties inherent in the herbal ingredients presented in the Gendhaga Vallaathi.

9) Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's biological response to harmful stimuli like irritants or pathogens. The document describes how certain ingredients in Siddha formulations target inflammation associated with arthritis, asserting their therapeutic applications in reducing symptoms like swelling and pain.

10) Medicine:
Medicine refers to substances or practices used to prevent, diagnose, or treat health conditions. The document highlights Siddha medicine, a traditional approach blending natural herbal components for healing, particularly in the treatment of chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

11) Swelling:
Swelling indicates an enlargement of body parts due to fluid accumulation, mirroring symptoms of inflammation in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. The utilization of herbal formulations from Siddha medicine demonstrates potential effectiveness in addressing swelling through targeted anti-inflammatory activity.

12) Chennai:
Chennai is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, India, known for its rich cultural heritage and traditional practices, including Siddha medicine. The mention of Chennai in the document underscores the geographical origin of the Siddha system and its practitioners, contributing to the field of herbal medicine.

13) Plumbago zeylanica:
Plumbago zeylanica, commonly known as leadwort or chitrak, is a medicinal plant used in Siddha formulations for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Its significance in the document highlights its role in combating symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

14) Michelia champaca:
Michelia champaca, also known as champak, is valued in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The document discusses its inclusion in Gendhaga Vallaathi, supporting its use as a remedy for managing pain and inflammation related to arthritis.

15) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the study of drug action and the properties of substances that affect biological systems. The document presents a pharmacological perspective on the Siddha formulations, examining their therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis and emphasizing scientific validation of traditional practices.

16) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid represents a group of plant metabolites known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which are critical in traditional medicine. The document identifies flavonoids in certain Siddha ingredients, linking them to therapeutic benefits in treating conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

17) Tamala:
Tamala refers to Cinnamomum tamala, known for its culinary and medicinal uses. In Siddha medicine, its presence highlights anti-inflammatory properties and potential benefits in addressing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, illustrating the use of local plants in traditional healing.

18) Sugar:
Sugar, which can refer to various forms of carbohydrates, may be relevant in the context of traditional medicine for its potential to provide energy. The document, while focusing on herbal therapies, may regard sugar in relation to overall health and metabolic processes.

19) Cina:
China in this context may refer to medicinal practices originating from traditional Chinese medicine, suggesting influences or parallels with Siddha approaches. It indicates a broader cultural context in the exploration of herbal medicinal traditions and their effectiveness.

20) Worm:
Worm in the medicinal context often refers to parasitic infections treated with herbal remedies. The document mentions traditional Siddha formulations suggested for treating conditions related to worms, indicating a broad application of plant-based treatments in various ailments.

21) Phyllanthus emblica:
Phyllanthus emblica, often called Indian gooseberry, is celebrated for its high vitamin C content and antioxidant properties. The document illustrates its inclusion in Siddha formulations, emphasizing its multifaceted role in promoting health and combating inflammation in chronic diseases.

22) Zingiber officinale:
Zingiber officinale, better known as ginger, is a popular culinary spice with recognized medicinal properties. Its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects discussed in the document highlight its significance in Siddha formulations for managing pain and symptoms associated with arthritis.

23) Withania somnifera:
Withania somnifera, commonly known as ashwagandha, is valued in Ayurveda and Siddha systems for its adaptogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. The document refers to this herb's role in alleviating arthritis symptoms, showcasing the importance of traditional remedies in modern health discussions.

24) Cinnamomum tamala:
Cinnamomum tamala, or Tamala leaf, is a medicinal plant recognized for its aromatic properties. The document underscores its use in Siddha formulations, associating it with therapeutic activities that may aid in treating inflammatory and chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

25) Cuminum cyminum:
Cuminum cyminum, known as cumin, has culinary and medicinal significance. The document notes its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory benefits, supporting its role in Siddha medicine to facilitate healing and improve health outcomes in patients dealing with autoimmune conditions.

26) Piper longum:
Piper longum, or long pepper, is known for its therapeutic benefits, including anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The document highlights its inclusion in Siddha remedies, linking its natural compounds to symptomatic relief for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

27) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial refers to substances that inhibit bacterial growth, crucial in combating infections. The document mentions various herbal components' antibacterial properties, emphasizing the role of Siddha medicine in maintaining health and preventing secondary infections in chronic diseases.

28) Science (Scientific):
Scientific denotes the methods and principles used to establish knowledge through observation and experimentation. The document emphasizes the scientific validation of Siddha formulations, aiming to correlate traditional practices with modern scientific standards for enhanced credibility and acceptance in health care.

29) Colouring (Coloring):
Colouring may refer to natural pigments in plants that can have health benefits. In the document, it could relate to the constituents in medicinal herbs that provide therapeutic effects, suggesting the multifaceted role of plant characteristics in traditional treatments.

30) Lavanga (Lavamga):
Lavanga, or cloves, is a spice known for its pungent flavor and medicinal properties. The document highlights its role in Siddha formulations, wherein its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties contribute to effective treatments for various ailments including arthritis.

31) Kumari:
Kumari typically refers to a young girl or maid in Tamil. In the context of the document, it may represent the namesake of individuals associated with the research or practice of Siddha medicine, underscoring the human aspect of traditional health practices.

32) Bitter:
Bitter refers to a taste profile often associated with many medicinal herbs. The document may discuss the bitter properties of certain Siddha ingredients, which can contribute to their therapeutic efficacy, particularly in digestive health and detoxification processes.

33) Animal:
Animal in this context could refer to the subjects used in pharmacological studies to test the efficacy and safety of herbal formulations. The document may discuss animal studies relevant to the validation of Siddha practices for treating diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.

34) Insect:
Insect likely relates to parasites or pests that traditional medicines may target. The document may mention insect-related treatments within the Siddha system, indicating a broad spectrum of remedies for various biological threats to health.

35) Costus:
Costus refers to plants in the genus Costus that are often utilized for their medicinal properties. The document describes their inclusion in Ayurvedic and Siddha formulations, linking their bioactive components to therapeutic benefits in inflammatory conditions.

36) Vetha:
Vetha typically signifies plant-based elements in traditional Tamil medicine, often referring to health or wellness-related concepts. In the document, it underscores the connection between traditional knowledge systems and contemporary health solutions through the study of medicinal herbs.

37) Tamil:
Tamil refers to the language and cultural heritage of the Tamil people, where Siddha medicine originates. The document reinforces the relevance of Tamil traditions in preserving and practicing herbal medicine, emphasizing a cultural context around traditional healing.

38) Sign:
Sign pertains to an indicator or symptom of a condition. In the medical context, the document may discuss signs associated with rheumatoid arthritis, illustrating the symptoms treated through Siddha medicine, connecting clinical observations with traditional remedies.

39) Drug:
Drug refers to a substance used for medical treatment. The document emphasizes the formulation of Siddha drugs like Gendhaga Vallaathi, showcasing their significance in managing conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, bridging traditional practices with modern therapeutic needs.

40) Terminalia chebula:
Terminalia chebula, also known as haritaki, is a well-regarded medicinal herb in traditional medicine. The document discusses its healing properties, particularly its roles in detoxification and health promotion within Siddha formulations, linking its use to effective treatments for various ailments.

41) Mental health:
Mental health encompasses emotional and psychological well-being, which can be influenced by chronic physical conditions like arthritis. The document may address how Siddha treatments aim to alleviate symptoms that impact mental health, drawing connections between physiological and psychological aspects of health.

42) Snake poison (Snake venom):
Snake venom denotes the toxic secretions from snakes that can lead to harmful reactions in humans and animals. In the document, the mention of snake venom may indicate the traditional practices in treating such emergencies with specific Siddha formulations, illustrating the scope of herbal medicine.

43) Leucoderma:
Leucoderma, a skin condition characterized by loss of pigmentation, may be treated with various traditional herbal remedies. The document includes references to Siddha treatments targeting skin ailments, showcasing the holistic approach of Siddha medicine towards dermatological issues.

44) Scratching:
Scratching often refers to the act of rubbing the skin to relieve itchiness. In the context of skin conditions or inflammatory diseases like arthritis, the document may mention how Siddha formulations alleviate symptoms, thus reducing the urge to scratch and promoting skin health.

45) Depression:
Depression is a mood disorder that can be exacerbated by chronic pain or illness. The document highlights the relationship between physical health and mental health, suggesting that effective management of conditions like rheumatoid arthritis can positively influence psychological well-being.

46) Karanthai:
Karanthai refers to medicinal plant species that may be utilized within traditional systems. The document discusses various herbs, including Karanthai, illustrating the diverse flora employed in Siddha formulations to promote healing across multiple health conditions.

47) Substance:
Substance pertains to the physical matter of which something is made. In traditional medicine contexts, it relates to the herbal and mineral components used in Siddha formulations, highlighting the significance of sourcing specific substances for healing purposes.

48) Akattiyar:
Agathiyar refers to a sage considered a founding figure in Siddha medicine. The document references him to illustrate the historical roots and philosophies underpinning Siddha practices, emphasizing the theoretical approaches towards health and wellness established centuries ago.

49) Vomiting:
Vomiting is a reflex action to expel stomach contents, often associated with various infections or diseases. The document suggests specific Siddha remedies that may alleviate associated symptoms, emphasizing holistic approaches to managing digestive health issues.

50) Leprosy:
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that affects the skin, peripheral nerves, and mucosal surfaces. The document may point to the historical use of certain Siddha remedies for treating leprosy, reflecting the extensive nature of traditional medicine beyond contemporary diseases.

51) Species:
Species denotes distinct categories within biological classification. The document discusses various plant species recognized for their medicinal properties, illustrating the importance of botanical diversity in developing and supporting traditional Siddha remedies.

52) Mineral:
Mineral refers to naturally occurring inorganic substances essential for health. The document alludes to the usage of herbal-mineral combinations in Siddha formulations, emphasizing the role of minerals in enhancing the therapeutic effects and nutritional value of these remedies.

53) Nalini (Nalini°):
Nalini commonly refers to a name or term associated with individuals in Tamil culture. In the document, it may denote contributors or experts in the field of Siddha medicine, emphasizing human input and knowledge development in traditional health practices.

54) Sangam (Shangam):
Sangam refers to a literary and cultural assembly in ancient Tamil society. The mention of Sangam in the document signifies the rich historical context from which Siddha medicine emerged, underscoring the integration of art and healing traditions in Tamil heritage.

55) Family:
Family denotes a group of related plants or organisms. In medicinal contexts, it represents plant families known for shared characteristics and active compounds. The document may analyze specific plant families used in Siddha formulations, highlighting their significance in traditional remedies.

56) Nausea:
Nausea is the unpleasant sensation often preceding vomiting, usually due to illness or digestive disturbances. The document may reference the use of certain Siddha herbs known to relieve nausea, showcasing the practical applications of traditional medicine in managing gastrointestinal symptoms.

57) Powder:
Powder refers to a finely ground substance, often used in traditional medicine formulations. In Siddha practices, various herbs are ground into powders to enhance their bioavailability and facilitate easier consumption, as noted in the preparation of herbal remedies for various ailments.

58) Cukku:
Chukku, or dried ginger, is a traditional herbal ingredient known for its warming properties and efficacy in digestive issues. The document highlights its use in Siddha formulations to aid in symptom relief, particularly in conditions like nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort.

59) Pittam (Pittham):
Pitham refers to one of the three humors in Siddha medicine, associated with metabolic heat and digestion. The document explores pitham's role in health and disease, emphasizing the need to balance this humor to maintain well-being and manage inflammatory conditions.

60) Malli:
Malli, or jasmine, is often recognized for its fragrant flowers and medicinal properties. The document discusses the role of malli in Siddha formulations, examining its potential applications in treating health conditions characterized by inflammation and psychological distress.

61) Kovai:
Kovai may refer to plant species or local names associated with particular ailments in Tamil culture. Its mention in the document illustrates the relevance of regional flora in developing traditional medicinal practices, supporting a connection between local knowledge and health.

62) Nelli:
Nelli, or Indian gooseberry, is celebrated for its rich vitamin C content and antioxidant properties. The document discusses its significance in Siddha formulations, linking it to holistic health benefits that address issues from chronic inflammation to overall wellness.

63) Water:
Water is essential for life and plays a critical role in all bodily functions. In traditional medicine contexts, the document may refer to water's role in herbal preparations, emphasizing its importance in the synergy of medicinal formulations and therapeutic outcomes.

64) Tilak:
Tilak may refer to individuals associated with research or the study of Siddha medicine. Its mention underscores the community and collaborative efforts in affirming the efficacy and scientific validation of traditional practices for broader acceptance.

65) Honey:
Honey, recognized for its natural sweetness and therapeutic properties, is sometimes used in traditional medicine. The document may reference honey's health benefits, particularly in soothing digestive issues and enhancing the efficacy of herbal formulations in Siddha.

66) Study (Studying):
Study relates to systematic investigation or examination of a subject. The document discusses various studies on Siddha formulations, providing scientific validation and supporting the effectiveness of traditional medicinal practices, thereby enhancing their credibility in contemporary healthcare.

67) Kala:
Kalaa typically refers to the concept of time or the moon. In medicinal contexts, it may symbolize the cyclical nature of health and wellness. The document's mention may indicate traditional beliefs associated with timing in health practices or treatments.

68) Hind:
Hind refers to aspects related to the Indian subcontinent and its diverse cultural practices, including traditional medicine. In the document, it underscores the significance of Indian heritage in the development and practice of Siddha medicine.

69) Hand:
Hand often signifies physical capability or manual dexterity. In the context of the document, it could relate to the skilled practices involved in herbal medicine preparation or the human aspects of healing in Siddha treatments.

70) Yugi (Yuki):
Yugi refers to a historical sage or figure in the Siddha tradition, a significant contributor to the principles and practices of Siddha medicine. Mentioning Yugi emphasizes the foundational philosophies guiding traditional medicinal approaches and their relevance to contemporary health issues.

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