Phytochemical and GC-MS analysis of Securidaca longepedunculata roots.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Phytochemical and gc-ms analyses of the bioactive components of securidaca longepedunculata (fresen) roots for anti-breast cancer activity
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Securidaca longepedunculata (Fresen), a member of the Polygalaceae family, is widely recognized in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties in treating various ailments, including breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical and bioactive components of the roots of S. longepedunculata through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The findings reveal a rich presence of secondary metabolites, which support the plant’s medicinal uses and hint at its potential in biomedicine.
Phytochemical Analysis: Identifying Key Compounds
The initial phase of the research focused on standard phytochemical screening of S. longepedunculata roots. The analysis identified the presence of important secondary metabolites such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes, and steroids. These metabolites are crucial for the plant's therapeutic efficacy. For instance, alkaloids are known for their anti-cancer and anti-malarial properties, while flavonoids exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The presence of these compounds correlates with the traditional uses of this plant in treating ailments, particularly those related to tumor growth.
GC-MS Analysis: Detailing Bioactive Components
GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic root extract identified 45 distinct components. Notably, 1-Heptadecene (9.50%), 1-Nonadecene (6.83%), and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (8.49%) emerged as significant constituents. The mass spectrum data revealed intricate fragmentation patterns that help elucidate the structures of these compounds. The findings suggest that these bioactive components may contribute significantly to the anti-breast cancer activity and other therapeutic applications of the plant, reinforcing its potential value in medicinal formulations.
Biological Activities: Relevance of Identified Compounds
The research further explored the biological activities associated with some compounds identified through the GC-MS analysis. For instance, 1-Heptadecene and 1-Nonadecene were linked to antibiotic properties, while n-Tetracosanol and n-Nonadecanol were noted for their anti-bacterial and anticancer activities. This highlights the therapeutic potential of these compounds, indicating that S. longepedunculata could serve as a natural source for developing new pharmacological agents targeting cancer and other conditions.
Conclusion
The study emphasizes the significance of Securidaca longepedunculata as a medicinal plant, particularly in the realm of treating breast cancer and a range of other diseases. The diverse array of bioactive compounds identified provides a scientific basis for its ethno-botanical uses, making it a candidate for further pharmacological research. The authors recommend isolation and testing of individual phytochemicals to better understand their specific therapeutic benefits, paving the way for developing new herbal medicines anchored in traditional practices.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Ogukwe Cynthia Ekwy, Okhale Samuel Ehiabhi, Ezugwu Brendan Okechukwu
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Phytochemical and gc-ms analyses of the bioactive components of securidaca longepedunculata (fresen) roots for anti-breast cancer activity
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What plant was studied for its anti-breast cancer activity?
The plant studied is Securidaca longepedunculata, known for various traditional medicinal uses.
What phytochemical constituents were identified in the plant's roots?
Phytochemicals found include tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpenes, and steroids.
How were the bioactive components analyzed in this study?
Bioactive components were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques.
What was the yield of the ethanolic extract from the roots?
The ethanolic extract yield was found to be 11.6% w/w of the dried plant material.
How many components were identified in the GC-MS analysis?
A total of 45 components were identified in the ethanolic root extract using GC-MS.
What potential therapeutic benefits do the identified components suggest?
The identified components suggest potential for treatment of tumor-related ailments and other diseases.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Phytochemical and GC-MS analysis of Securidaca longepedunculata roots.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
The term 'Activity' signifies the capacity of a substance or compound to produce a specific biological effect. In the context of medicinal plants, it often refers to the ability of phytochemicals to exert beneficial effects against diseases, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, or anticancer actions.
2) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds produced by plants, often responsible for their medicinal properties. This includes classes like flavonoids and terpenes. Their presence in traditional herbal remedies showcases the potential of plants like Securidaca longepedunculata to offer therapeutic benefits, particularly against ailments like cancer and infections.
3) Table:
In scientific literature, 'Table' refers to a systematic arrangement of data, allowing easy access to specific information. In the context of this study, tables present extractive values, phytochemical analyses, or bioactive compounds, encapsulating complex data in a clear, concise format for the reader's understanding.
4) Cancer:
Cancer denotes a range of diseases where abnormal cells proliferate uncontrolled, potentially spreading. The reference to cancer in this study underscores the significance of evaluating traditional medicinal plants, like Securidaca longepedunculata, which may contain compounds that inhibit tumor growth or provide therapeutic effects in traditional medicine.
5) Disease:
Disease indicates an abnormal condition affecting the body, leading to various health issues. The discussion highlights the role of Securidaca longepedunculata in treating several diseases, emphasizing its relevance in traditional medicine for conditions such as breast cancer and other ailments, thereby enhancing its therapeutic value.
6) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytochemicals recognized for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The presence of flavonoids in plants suggests potential health benefits, including protective effects against diseases such as cancer, thus aligning with the focus on the bioactive compounds in medicinal plants like Securidaca longepedunculata.
7) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illnesses. The study on Securidaca longepedunculata highlights traditional medicine's reliance on plant-derived compounds for therapeutic purposes, showcasing the importance of ethnobotanical studies in discovering new medicinal agents and validating traditional uses of plants.
8) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are biological substances that combat bacterial infections. The identification of specific compounds in Securidaca longepedunculata with antibiotic properties indicates its traditional use for treating infections, suggesting the importance of further research to develop natural antibiotic therapies in modern medical practices.
9) Drug:
A drug is a chemical substance used for medical treatment. The study illuminates the potential of phytochemicals in Securidaca longepedunculata for drug development, possibly leading to novel therapies for conditions like cancer, thereby bridging the gap between traditional medicinal practices and modern pharmacotherapy.
10) Family:
In botanical terms, 'family' refers to a group of related plants sharing similarities. Securidaca longepedunculata belongs to the Polygalaceae family, emphasizing its relationship with other plants that might possess similar bioactive properties, thus allowing for comparative studies in phytochemical research and medicinal applications.
11) Nature:
Nature encompasses the physical world, including plants, animals, and ecosystems. The study of Securidaca longepedunculata exemplifies mankind's connection with nature, utilizing plant-derived compounds in traditional medicine, highlighting the importance of biodiversity in providing potential remedies for various health conditions.
12) Water:
Water is fundamental for life and is frequently used in the extraction process of bioactive compounds from plants. The study mentions ethanol extraction, illustrating the significance of solvents in isolating phytochemicals from Securidaca longepedunculata, further emphasizing the crucial role of proper extraction methods in phytochemistry.
13) Study (Studying):
Study refers to a systematic investigation aimed at discovering or developing knowledge. In this context, it highlights the exploration of Securidaca longepedunculata for its bioactive compounds, results, and potential applications in medicine, ultimately contributing to the validation of traditional healing practices.
14) Dish (Diś):
A dish refers to the container used in laboratory settings to hold samples for analysis. The term underlines the experimental setup necessary for extracting and evaluating the bioactive compounds from Securidaca longepedunculata, ensuring accuracy and reliability in obtaining the study's findings.
15) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of drug actions and effects within biological systems. This emphasizes the relevance of exploring phytochemicals from Securidaca longepedunculata in understanding their mechanisms of action, contributing to the development of effective therapeutic agents within the realm of plant-based medicine.
16) Discussion:
Discussion is a key component of scientific studies where findings are interpreted and related to existing knowledge. In this context, it reflects on the implications of the identified phytochemicals in Securidaca longepedunculata for their therapeutic potential, facilitating a deeper understanding of their effects against diseases.
17) Inference:
Inference refers to the logical conclusion derived from observations or data. In the context of this study, it signifies the assessment made regarding the therapeutic uses of Securidaca longepedunculata, based on its phytochemical composition, allowing for conclusions about its medicinal value in traditional practices.
18) Training:
Training involves the process of learning skills or knowledge, particularly related to techniques or methodologies. The authors acknowledge training provided at a laboratory for GC-MS analysis, emphasizing the importance of skilled techniques in obtaining valid scientific data for evaluating the bioactive components of medicinal plants.
19) Language:
Language is a system of communication used to convey information. In scientific literature, precise language ensures clarity and understanding among researchers, making it crucial for effectively articulating findings and concepts related to the study of medicinal plants and their applications in healthcare.
20) Dressing:
Dressing refers to the application of materials to wounds or injuries to promote healing. The study acknowledges the traditional uses of Securidaca longepedunculata for wound dressing, illustrating its multifaceted applications in herbal medicine and supporting its historical use in various treatments.
21) Relative:
Relative refers to the relationship or comparison between entities. In this context, it implies the connections drawn between the phytochemical compounds of Securidaca longepedunculata and their potential therapeutic effects, establishing a framework for understanding the bioactivity concerning modern pharmacology.
22) Leprosy:
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, leading to skin lesions and nerve damage. The mention of leprosy in the study emphasizes the historical therapeutic claims associated with Securidaca longepedunculata, highlighting the traditional practices that inform current scientific inquiries.
23) Muslin:
Muslin is a type of cotton cloth used for filtering solid materials in laboratories. In the extraction procedure described, muslin cloth serves a practical role in isolating plant materials when preparing the ethanol extract from Securidaca longepedunculata, ensuring clarity in subsequent analyses.
24) Animal:
Animal refers to living organisms other than plants, often used in research for testing the effects of substances. In exploring the bioactive components of Securidaca longepedunculata, studies may include animal models to assess therapeutic efficacy, bridging traditional medicine and contemporary pharmacological research.
25) Powder:
Powder refers to the solid state of particulate matter produced through milling or grinding. The study indicates that the roots of Securidaca longepedunculata were pulverized to obtain a finer texture, optimizing the extraction of bioactive compounds, thus enhancing the quality of the analysis.
26) Arrow:
Arrow refers to a projectile weapon traditionally used for hunting or combat. Its mention in the context of Securidaca longepedunculata alludes to its historical use in various cultures, where plant extracts served both medicinal and practical purposes, showcasing the multifaceted role of plants.
27) Fever:
Fever is a common medical condition characterized by an elevated body temperature, often indicating infection or illness. In this study, references to traditional remedies suggest that Securidaca longepedunculata may have been used for its antipyretic properties, reflecting its therapeutic significance in managing feverish conditions.
28) King:
King, in this context, refers to the term used informally to describe the plant Securidaca longepedunculata in local languages, reflecting its highly regarded status among traditional remedies. This symbolizes the cultural importance of the plant within the heritage of medicinal practices.
29) Tree:
Tree indicates a type of perennial plant. While Securidaca longepedunculata is described as a shrub, the use of 'tree' emphasizes the plant's ecological significance and its role within traditional medicine, demonstrating the importance of various plant forms in therapeutic applications.
30) Road:
Road refers to a pathway for travel, but in this context, it symbolizes the biological routes through which traditional knowledge of medicinal plants spreads. It reflects the cultural journeys and exchanges related to Securidaca longepedunculata's use, underscoring the intertwined nature of local practices and plant-based medicine.
31) Line:
Line generally refers to a boundary or series of connected elements. In narcotics or medicinal research, it denotes a lineage or classification in the study of pharmacological compounds. In this document, it could symbolize the boundaries of scientific inquiry into medicinal plants and their bioactive properties.