Neem derivatives' effect on adult emergence of Dysdercus cingulatus.
pyrrhocoridae)
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Effect of neem derivatives on adult emergence of dysdercus cingulatus (heteroptera
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Subtitle: pyrrhocoridae)
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S. Umamaheswari and A. Rajarajeswari
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Effect of neem derivatives on adult emergence of dysdercus cingulatus (heteroptera
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The red cotton bug, Dysdercus cingulatus, is a significant pest affecting crops such as Bhendi and Cotton. This insect causes extensive damage to young plants, leading to stunted growth and unfit produce for consumption. Traditional pest control methods utilizing synthetic insecticides have often proven ineffective, prompting the exploration of alternative strategies, particularly those involving plant products like neem (Azadirachta indica), known for its insecticidal properties.
Efficacy of Neem Oil and Cake Extract
Research focused on the effects of neem oil and neem cake extract on the adult emergence of D. cingulatus. The study demonstrated that neem oil showed a higher rate of effectiveness than neem cake extract across varying concentrations. Notably, results indicated a significant capacity for neem oil to inhibit adult emergence, resulting in increased nymphal mortality and a reduction in the formation of normal adults.
Concentration-Dependent Effects
The investigation further revealed that as the concentration of neem solutions increased, the inhibition of adult emergence also escalated. This relationship underscores the importance of concentration in maximizing the bioefficacy of neem derivatives against D. cingulatus. The findings align with previous studies highlighting neem's ability to affect pest populations at various life stages.
Implications for Pest Management
The results advocate for the potential use of neem oil as a bio-based control agent for managing populations of D. cingulatus. Given the established environmental concerns associated with synthetic insecticides, integrating neem oil into pest management strategies presents a sustainable alternative. This approach not only targets pest suppression but may also contribute to the overall health of the ecosystem.
In conclusion, the study confirms that neem oil and neem cake extract are effective in inhibiting the adult emergence of D. cingulatus, with neem oil showcasing superior efficacy. These findings support the potential application of neem derivatives as environmentally friendly alternatives in pest management practices, highlighting their role in controlling significant agricultural pests.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are the main products tested against Dysdercus cingulatus?
The study evaluated neem oil and neem cake extract for their effects on adult emergence and mortality in Dysdercus cingulatus.
What was the effect of neem oil on nymphal mortality?
Neem oil demonstrated nymphal mortality rates ranging from 13.33% to 53.33% across different concentrations (2.0%, 3.5%, and 5.0%).
How did neem cake extract compare to neem oil?
Neem oil showed a significantly higher effect on adult emergence inhibition compared to neem cake extract, confirming its superior bioefficacy.
What was the observed total inhibition for neem oil?
Total inhibition percentages for neem oil were found to be 46.66%, 60.00%, and 66.66% at concentrations of 2.0%, 3.5%, and 5.0%, respectively.
What is the significance of controlling Dysdercus cingulatus?
Controlling Dysdercus cingulatus is crucial because it is a serious pest that causes extensive damage to crops like cotton and vegetables.
What factors influenced the effectiveness of neem derivatives?
The effectiveness of neem derivatives increased with higher concentrations, enhancing their ability to inhibit nymphal emergence and induce mortality.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Neem derivatives' effect on adult emergence of Dysdercus cingulatus.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Neem:
Neem refers to the tree Azadirachta indica, known for its effective insecticidal properties. Its derivatives, particularly neem oil and neem cake extract, have demonstrated significant effects on insect pests such as Dysdercus cingulatus. The use of neem as a natural pesticide is gaining importance in sustainable agriculture.
2) Insect:
Insects are a class of arthropods that include a diverse range of species. Dysdercus cingulatus, the red cotton bug, is highlighted in the study as an important agricultural pest. Understanding the life cycle and control methods for insects is crucial in pest management to ensure crop protection.
3) Azadirachta indica:
Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, is a tree native to the Indian subcontinent. It is renowned for its medicinal and insecticidal properties. The tree's components, such as azadirachtin, have been researched for their ability to deter various insect pests, thereby providing an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides.
4) India:
India is a country in South Asia and the location of the research study. The agricultural practices in India, particularly in pest management, benefit from local plant products like neem. The study focuses on indigenous knowledge and natural resources to address the challenges posed by insect pests in Indian agriculture.
5) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu, Tamilnāḍu):
Tamil Nadu is a state in southern India where the study's research was conducted. The region's agricultural practices often involve local plants for pest management. The significance of neem in Tamil Nadu's agriculture showcases the intersection of culture, tradition, and sustainable pest control methodologies.
6) Zoology:
Zoology is the scientific study of animal biology, including physiology, behavior, and interactions with their environment. The research falls under zoology, specifically entomology, focusing on insect behavior and life cycles, particularly regarding the control of the red cotton bug, Dysdercus cingulatus, with neem derivatives.
7) Tamil (Tamiḻ):
Tamil refers to the language spoken predominantly in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The cultural context of the neem plant and its applications in traditional pest control may also be preserved in the Tamil language, influencing local practices and understanding of sustainable agriculture.
8) Nadu (Nāḍu):
Nadu translates to 'land' or 'country' in Tamil, often used in place names. In 'Tamil Nadu', it signifies the region where the neem studies were conducted. The state's agricultural landscape and traditional ecological knowledge play a significant role in the use of neem for pest management.
9) Observation:
Observation in scientific research refers to the systematic noting of phenomena and outcomes. In this study, various observations regarding the effects of neem oil and neem cake extract on the emergence and mortality of Dysdercus cingulatus were crucial for evaluating these natural pesticides' efficacy.
10) Pesticide:
Pesticides are substances used to kill or control pests, including insects, weeds, and fungi. The study investigates the potential of neem derivatives as natural pesticides against Dysdercus cingulatus, highlighting the need for environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic pesticides in sustainable agriculture.
11) Cotton:
Cotton is a major agricultural crop affected by various pests, including Dysdercus cingulatus. The study emphasizes the importance of controlling this pest in cotton production. Additionally, cotton's economic significance in agriculture highlights the need for effective pest management strategies.
12) Table:
In research, a table is a systematic arrangement of data, often used to present experimental results clearly and concisely. The table in this study summarizes the efficacy of different concentrations of neem oil and neem cake extract on the mortality and inhibition rates of Dysdercus cingulatus.
13) Crop:
A crop is a cultivated plant grown extensively for food, fiber, or other agricultural products. The study focuses on pest control measures for crops like cotton and vegetables to reduce losses caused by insect pests, emphasizing sustainable agricultural practices and eco-friendly solutions.
14) Insect pest:
An insect pest is a species of insect that negatively impacts agricultural productivity by damaging crops or spreading disease. Dysdercus cingulatus is identified as an insect pest in the study, underlining the importance of discovering effective means of controlling such pests to protect crop yields.
15) Neem tree:
The neem tree (Azadirachta indica) is central to the study, valued for its insecticidal properties. Research on neem trees provides insights into ecological pest management and the development of natural insecticides, fostering more sustainable agricultural practices by minimizing reliance on chemical inputs.
16) Discussion:
The discussion section of a research paper interprets the significance of the findings and connects them to broader themes and previous research. In this study, it explores the implications of neem derivatives as alternative pest control measures, addressing the challenges of using synthetic pesticides.
17) Gupta (Guptā):
Gupta is likely referring to a researcher whose work is cited in the study. Citing previous research by Gupta emphasizes the importance of building upon existing studies when evaluating the efficacy of natural pest control methods using plant-derived substances like neem.
18) Field:
In the context of this study, 'field' refers to the natural environment where the research was conducted. Collecting insects from the field underscores the practical application of the research, showing how laboratory results can relate to real-world agricultural practices and pest management.
19) Tree:
The term 'tree' specifically refers to the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) in this context. Trees like neem serve crucial roles in sustainable agriculture, providing natural pest control through their chemical compounds, while also contributing to biodiversity and environmental health in agricultural ecosystems.