Steroids from stem (bark) of butea monosperma
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Steroids from stem (bark) of butea monosperma
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Mustazi Jafri and B.K. Mehta
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Steroids from stem (bark) of butea monosperma
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Butea monosperma, commonly known as palas, belongs to the leguminosae family and is used in traditional medicine for a variety of conditions, including tumors, skin diseases, piles, urinary discharge, and wound healing. The plant's different parts, including seeds, flowers, leaves, and bark, possess various pharmacological properties, including antifungal and anthelmintic effects. This study focuses on the isolation and characterization of steroids from the stem bark of B. monosperma, specifically β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, for the first time from a benzene extract.
Isolation and Characterization of Steroids
The chemical examination of the benzene extract of B. monosperma's stem bark led to the successful isolation of steroids through hot extraction and column chromatography. The compounds were purified and crystallized using chloroform and methanol, resulting in white crystalline substances characterized by various spectroscopic methods such as IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry. The presence of the steroidal nucleus was confirmed through a systematic assessment of their physical and chemical properties.
Spectroscopic Analysis Results
The IR spectroscopic analysis revealed characteristic absorption bands associated with –OH stretching at 3425 cm-1 and C–H stretching at 2937 and 2869 cm-1, among other frequencies, confirming the presence of β-sitosterol. Similarly, stigmasterol exhibited absorption peaks linked to O-H and aliphatic C-H stretching as well. The 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra for both compounds provided detailed information about the specific hydrogen and carbon environments, confirming their structures. Additionally, mass spectrometry revealed the molecular ion peaks and fragmentation patterns consistent with steroidal compounds.
Extraction Procedures and Techniques
The procedure involved collecting and preparing the bark of B. monosperma, which was dried and powdered before being exhaustively extracted with benzene using a soxhlet extractor. Following extraction, the crude extract was fractionated using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and subjected to column chromatography using solvent systems that facilitated steroid detection. The isolated compounds were further purified and characterized, emphasizing the standard methods for identification through spectroscopic techniques.
Conclusion
The study successfully isolated and characterized β-sitosterol and stigmasterol from the benzene extract of Butea monosperma's stem bark. The findings enhance the understanding of the phytochemical properties of this plant, supporting its traditional medicinal uses through scientific validation of its chemical constituents. Further research may explore the potential therapeutic applications of these steroids in contemporary medicine.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What steroids were isolated from Butea monosperma's stem bark?
The study isolated two known steroids: β-sitosterol and stigmasterol from the benzene extract of Butea monosperma's stem bark.
What extraction method was used for isolating steroids?
The dried powder of Butea monosperma's stem bark was subjected to hot extraction using benzene in a Soxhlet extractor for isolation.
Which analytical methods were used for compound identification?
The compounds were identified using various spectroscopic techniques, including IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry.
What traditional uses does Butea monosperma have in medicine?
Butea monosperma is used in traditional medicine for treating tumors, skin diseases, wounds, and urinary discharge.
How was the purity of isolated compounds confirmed?
Purity was confirmed through techniques like TLC and further crystallization using chloroform and methanol to yield white crystalline substances.
What were the molecular ion peaks for the isolated compounds?
Compound (1) had a molecular ion peak at m/z 414, while Compound (2) showed a peak at m/z 412, indicating their steroid nature.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Steroids from stem (bark) of butea monosperma”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Butea monosperma:
Butea monosperma, commonly known as palas, is a plant species belonging to the legume family. It is significant in traditional medicine, particularly in Indian Ayurveda, where its various parts are utilized for healing different ailments. This research highlights the isolation of steroids from its bark, contributing to pharmacological studies.
2) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the field encompassing practices and substances used to prevent, diagnose, and treat illnesses and conditions. The traditional medicinal applications of Butea monosperma showcase the importance of exploring natural resources for pharmacological properties, aligning with the global focus on herbal and alternative medicine for healthcare solutions.
3) Purification:
Purification is the process of isolating a specific substance from a mixture, enhancing its purity and concentration. In the context of this study, it pertains to the techniques employed to isolate and refine the steroid compounds from the benzene extract of Butea monosperma, enabling accurate characterisation and potential applications.
4) Discussion:
Discussion in this context refers to the analysis and interpretation of the results obtained during the study. It allows researchers to contextualize their findings within the existing body of knowledge, assess the significance of their discoveries related to steroids in Butea monosperma, and propose implications for further research.
5) Substance:
A substance is a particular kind of matter with uniform properties. In this study, the isolated compounds from Butea monosperma's bark constitute significant substances that were characterised and identified. Understanding these substances helps in exploring their chemical and biological roles and potential therapeutic effects in medicine.
6) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a diverse group of phytonutrients found in plants, known for their antioxidant properties. Although the study primarily focuses on steroids, flavonoids present in Butea monosperma’s various parts can complement its medicinal properties, and highlight the plant’s overall pharmacological potential for treating diseases.
7) Activity:
Activity in the context of this research refers to the biological effects exhibited by the isolated compounds. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and therapeutic activities of steroidal compounds derived from Butea monosperma are crucial for establishing their medicinal relevance and efficacy in treating various health conditions.
8) Botany:
Botany is the scientific study of plants, including their physiology, structure, genetics, and ecology. This research contributes to botany by documenting the chemical constituents of Butea monosperma and emphasizing the ecological and pharmacological significance of this species within its habitat and medicinal landscape.
9) Pala (Palā, Pāla):
Pala is a local name for Butea monosperma, indicating its cultural relevance. This term reflects the plant's traditional use in local communities and highlights the importance of indigenous knowledge in understanding the therapeutic applications of such plants, fostering cultural heritage and awareness in botanical studies.