Antibacterial activity of Lantana camara flower extract vs. MRSA.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Evaluation of antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of lantana camera flowers against methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study investigates the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract from the flowers of Lantana camara against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Traditionally, these flowers have been employed in Indian folk medicine to treat various microbial infections. The research highlights the importance of exploring plant extracts as potential antimicrobials, especially in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance.
Antimicrobial Properties of Lantana camara
Lantana camara, an ornamental plant native to South America and prevalent in India, possesses numerous ethnomedicinal applications. The plant's flowers have been noted for their diversity in pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract from the flowers revealed the presence of compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenolics, all of which are associated with antimicrobial effects. Previous studies have shown various parts of Lantana camara to be effective against strains like Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, suggesting a rich potential for discovering new antimicrobial agents within the plant.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity
The antibacterial efficacy of the ethanol extracts was assessed using the agar well diffusion method against both MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) strains. Results indicated that the extract was effective against all tested strains, with the highest inhibition observed in MRSA. The study established a concentration-dependent response, indicating that higher concentrations of the extract led to larger zones of inhibition. This highlights the potential of Lantana camara flowers as a natural antibacterial agent, particularly against resistant strains of bacteria.
Phytochemical Analysis and Implications
The preliminary phytochemical screenings showed that the ethanol extract contains reducing sugars, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and phenolics, which are known for their antimicrobial properties. These compounds represent promising candidates for the development of new antibiotics as they could lead to novel treatments for infections caused by resistant bacteria. The study emphasizes the need for further isolation and identification of bioactive components to fully understand their mechanisms and potential applications in combating MRSA infections.
Conclusion
The findings underscore the potential of Lantana camara flowers as a valuable source of antibacterial compounds, especially against MRSA. The presence of various phytochemicals that confer antimicrobial properties lays the groundwork for future research aimed at isolating and developing these compounds into effective therapeutic agents. As antibiotic resistance continues to pose a significant public health challenge, exploring plant-derived alternatives may prove crucial in the search for new antimicrobial strategies.
Original source:
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Snehali Majumder, Mohammed Rahmatullah
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Evaluation of antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of lantana camera flowers against methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the objective of the study on Lantana camara flowers?
The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of ethanol extracts from Lantana camara flowers against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
What antimicrobial compounds are found in Lantana camara?
Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed reducing sugars, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and phenolics, all of which are known for their antimicrobial properties.
What method was used to test antibacterial activity?
Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method on Staphylococcus aureus strains, including MRSA.
How effective was the extract against different strains of Staphylococcus aureus?
The ethanol extract showed inhibitory effects against all tested Staphylococcus aureus strains, with varying zones of inhibition for MRSA and MSSA.
What traditional uses are associated with Lantana camara?
Traditionally, Lantana camara is used for treating infections, headaches, and ear, nose, and throat diseases in various regions of India.
Why is MRSA a concern in microbiology?
MRSA is a multi-drug resistant organism that poses significant treatment challenges, necessitating the discovery of new antimicrobial agents from natural sources.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Antibacterial activity of Lantana camara flower extract vs. MRSA.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
The keyword 'Activity' denotes the effectiveness or performance of a substance, in this context, referring to the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Lantana camara flowers against various strains of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains. This highlights the potential of plant extracts in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
2) Camara (Cāmara, Camará):
'Camara' is a specific species of the plant Lantana, known for its medicinal properties. The study focuses on Lantana camara flowers' ethanol extract, showcasing its traditional use in treating infections. It emphasizes the plant's biological activity, leading to further exploration of its chemical compounds and pharmacological potential.
3) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical refers to the bioactive compounds found in plants, which have health benefits, including antimicrobial properties. The study identifies several phytochemicals in Lantana camara, such as flavonoids and tannins, that contribute to its antibacterial activity against MRSA. Understanding phytochemicals is crucial for developing new antibiotics from natural sources.
4) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytochemicals known for their health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In the context of the study, flavonoids were identified in the ethanolic extract of Lantana camara flowers, suggesting they may play a significant role in enhancing the antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus.
5) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotic refers to substances that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, commonly used in medicine to treat bacterial infections. The study explores the potential of Lantana camara as a source of new antibiotics, particularly against antibiotic-resistant strains like MRSA, highlighting the importance of discovering novel antimicrobial agents.
6) Water:
Water is a universal solvent and is crucial for biological processes, including the extraction of phytochemicals from plant materials. In the study, distilled water was used to rinse Lantana camara petals, ensuring the removal of contaminants, which is important for obtaining accurate results when evaluating antibacterial activity.
7) Sugar:
Sugar, particularly reducing sugars, is a type of carbohydrate that can be present in plant extracts. The study's phytochemical screening revealed the presence of reducing sugars in the ethanol extract of Lantana camara flowers, which may contribute to the extract's overall biological activity, including antimicrobial properties.
8) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses substances used to prevent, treat, or cure diseases. The ethnomedicinal context of Lantana camara flowers, traditionally used to treat infections, underscores the plant's role in medicine. The study's findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge about plant-based medicines and their relevance in modern healthcare.
9) Drug:
A drug is a chemical substance used for medical treatment to diagnose, cure, or prevent diseases. The study suggests the potential of Lantana camara extracts to develop new drugs against resistant pathogens like MRSA, emphasizing the need for research in herbal medicines that can serve as effective therapeutic agents.
10) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to the study of drug action and the interactions with living systems. The research on Lantana camara highlights its pharmacological properties, such as antibacterial activity, paving the way for understanding how its constituents can be used to develop new therapeutic strategies against resistant bacterial infections.
11) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section of research where findings are interpreted and contextualized within existing literature. In the study, the discussion examines the significance of the antibacterial activity of Lantana camara, how its phytochemical composition contributes to this activity, and its implications for future research in microbial resistance.
12) Science (Scientific):
Scientific pertains to the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world. The study employs scientific methods to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Lantana camara, reinforcing the importance of using empirical research to validate traditional medicinal practices and discovering new potential treatments.
13) Knowledge:
Knowledge entails the understanding acquired through experience or education. The study enhances knowledge about Lantana camara's antibacterial properties, contributing to the broader understanding of plant-derived compounds as potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics, emphasizing the need for continuous exploration in ethnobotany and pharmacognosy.
14) Ghaneri (Ghāṇērī, Ghāṇerī):
'Ghaneri' is one of the local names for Lantana camara in the context of different Indian languages. Recognizing local names regions, and their ethnobotanical significance enhances cultural appreciation and promotes the study of traditional medicinal plants, vital for conservational efforts and incorporating indigenous knowledge into modern science.
15) Habitat:
Habitat refers to the natural environment in which a species lives. The collection of Lantana camara flowers from their habitat highlights the importance of biodiversity and the ecological context in which medicinal plants thrive, which influences their availability and the potential for sustainable harvesting for medicinal use.
16) Coconut (Cocoanut):
Coconut is a tropical fruit known for its diverse culinary and medicinal uses. In the traditional practices mentioned in the study, coconut oil is used with Lantana camara flowers for headaches, showcasing the significance of combining different natural remedies in therapeutic practices, and opening avenues for further research.
17) Sage:
Sage, commonly associated with the plant Lantana camara, is often regarded for its health-related benefits. While many people might confuse the common name 'Sage' with other medicinal plants, the study emphasizes Lantana camara's unique properties and its distinct role in traditional medicine and potential applications in modern healthcare.
18) Soil:
Soil is a vital natural resource that affects plant growth and development. In the study, proper washing of Lantana camara flowers is highlighted to remove soil contaminants, emphasizing the importance of clean biological material in accurately assessing the antibacterial properties of extracts in scientific studies.