Sub-lethal thiodan effects on L. corrianus hepatopancreas in winter
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Effect of sub-lethal treatment of organochlorine pesticide thiodan on hepatopancreas of freshwater mollusc l. corrianus during winter
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Kamble V. S., Mahajan V.P
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Effect of sub-lethal treatment of organochlorine pesticide thiodan on hepatopancreas of freshwater mollusc l. corrianus during winter
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study by Kamble et al. investigates the impact of sub-lethal exposure to the organochlorine pesticide Thiodan (Endosulfan 35 EC) on the hepatopancreas of the freshwater mollusc Lamellidens corrianus during winter. Pesticides are widely used in agriculture and various other sectors, and their runoff contaminates aquatic ecosystems, posing significant threats to aquatic life.
Effect of Thiodan on Hepatopancreas
The research observed that sub-lethal exposure to Thiodan caused severe histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas of Lamellidens corrianus. Changes included necrosis of parenchyma, hyperplasia, damage to the basement membrane, and vacuolization. These changes were particularly pronounced during the winter season. Digestive cells, responsible for absorption and digestion, were notably affected, showing rupturing and shrinkage due to Thiodan toxicity.
Comparison With Other Pesticides
Previous studies have shown similar detrimental effects of various pesticides on different aquatic species. For example, malathion exposure in Tilapia mossambica led to respiratory failure. Endosulfan exposure caused changes in the gills of Channa gauchua and degenerative changes in the liver and testis of other species. These studies collectively indicate that both organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides significantly impair the physiological functions of aquatic organisms.
Pesticide Impact on Reproductive Systems
Apart from liver and gill damage, pesticides also impact the reproductive systems of aquatic organisms. Exposure to organophosphorus pesticides has been shown to damage gonads in freshwater prawn Macrobrachium lamerii and freshwater bivalve Lamellidens corrianus. Such damage can lead to reproductive failures and population declines, thereby affecting the entire aquatic ecosystem.
Conclusion
The study underscores the significant adverse effects of sub-lethal concentrations of organochlorine pesticides like Thiodan on the hepatopancreas of freshwater molluscs. These findings, combined with previous research, highlight the urgent need for careful management and reduction of pesticide usage to protect aquatic ecosystems and the species that inhabit them.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the primary focus of this study?
The study focuses on the effects of sub-lethal treatment of the organochlorine pesticide Thiodan on the hepatopancreas of the freshwater mollusc Lamellidens corrianus during the winter season.
Why is it important to study pesticide effects on aquatic biota?
Pesticides, used extensively in agriculture and other practices, can runoff into aquatic ecosystems, posing risks to aquatic organisms and thus disrupting food chains and causing environmental and health issues.
What damage does Thiodan cause to Lamellidens corrianus?
Thiodan causes pronounced damage, including necrosis of parenchyma, hyperplasia, damage to the basement membrane, and severe vacuolization in the hepatopancreas of Lamellidens corrianus.
How were Lamellidens corrianus specimens prepared for study?
Specimens were collected from a freshwater tank, cleaned, and stored in aerated water. They were then exposed to Thiodan at a sub-lethal concentration for 15 days, with histopathological studies conducted at 5-day intervals.
What did Kamble and Mane study in 2012?
Kamble and Mane studied the effect of organophosphorus pesticide Quinolphos on the female gonad of freshwater bivalve mollusc Lamellidens corrianus, observing severe damage during the winter season.
What histopathological changes were observed due to Thiodan exposure?
Exposure to Thiodan caused necrosis, hyperplasia, and severe vacuolization in the hepatopancreas. The basement membrane and digestive cells were also ruptured and shrunken at certain places, indicating significant toxicity effects.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Sub-lethal thiodan effects on L. corrianus hepatopancreas in winter”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Pesticide:
Pesticide usage is a central theme in the study, highlighting its hazards on aquatic life and its prevalent use in agriculture and public health, leading to significant environmental contamination and biological effects on various species including molluscs and fishes in ecological research contexts.
2) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the harmful effects of pesticides like organochlorine and organophosphorus compounds on organisms such as the freshwater mollusc Lamellidens corrianus, as emphasized in the study. The research investigates sublethal doses and their impact on vital organs during winter.
3) Fish:
Fish are notable organisms in this study due to their sensitivity to pesticides. Research references include studies on teleosts like Tilapia mossambica, emphasizing histopathological changes and, by extension, drawing parallels to the effects on molluscs.
4) Zoology:
Zoology, the scientific study of animals, underpins this research. Kamble V. S., a Zoology Professor, conducts this study to understand the effects of pesticides on aquatic molluscs, particularly focusing on histopathological alterations.
5) Water:
Water serves as the medium through which pesticides make their way into aquatic ecosystems. The study involves molluscs collected from a freshwater tank, highlighting the pollution of water bodies and subsequent biotic effects observed at the organismal level.
6) Agriculture:
Agriculture is the primary context for pesticide application, leading to runoff into aquatic systems. This study investigates the agricultural pesticides' lingering effects on non-target organisms like molluscs, underscoring the broader environmental impact of common agricultural practices.
7) Discussion:
Discussion in this research evaluates the histopathological damage in molluscs' hepatopancreas due to sublethal pesticide exposure. Comparative references to prior studies show potential harms across various aquatic organisms, elucidating broader ecological implications.
8) Toxicology:
Toxicology, the study of harmful effects of substances on organisms, is integral to this research. It examines sublethal doses of endosulfan, revealing hepatopancreatic damage in freshwater molluscs, thus contributing to the understanding of ecological toxicology.
9) Ratnagiri (Ratna-giri):
Ratnagiri is mentioned as the location in a cited study on the toxicity of Metasystox to estuarine molluscs. This regional data adds to the broader context of pesticide impact across different geographical locations and species.
10) Godavari (Godāvarī, Godāvari, Go-davari):
Godavari is a river in India from where Lamellidens marginalis and Lamellidens corrianus were collected for prior studies on pesticide toxicity. This locale-specific research contributes to understanding regional environmental effects on native aquatic fauna.
11) Science (Scientific):
Science, in this context, refers to systematically studying the effects of pesticide toxicity on aquatic life. The research embodies scientific inquiry through empirical data collection, analysis, and literature references to build a cohesive understanding of the phenomena.
12) Rohita (Rohitā):
Rohita refers to Labeo rohita, a freshwater fish studied in referenced research for biochemical changes induced by pesticides. This organism, along with other fish species, provides comparative toxicological insights relevant to the study on molluscs.
13) Anjani (Añjanī, Āñjanī, Amjani):
Anjani is one of the researchers in a referenced study on the toxicity of linden to Clarias gariepinus. Their work parallels Kamble's in documenting sublethal and acute effects of pesticides on aquatic species, contributing to the broader toxicological narrative.
14) Madhu:
Madhu, a co-researcher in a referenced study along with Jayantha Rao, investigates histopathological effects of malathion on fish gills. This study's findings support the current research's focus on similar pesticide-induced damages in other aquatic organisms.