Advancing orthodontic tooth movement for better ortho-perio care.
Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Understanding the advances in biology of orthodontic tooth movement for improved ortho-perio interdisciplinary approach
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
This article explores the recent advances in the molecular understanding of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and the effects of orthodontic force on them, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between orthodontists and periodontists. With the rise in adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment, a thorough grasp of the biology of periodontal tissues and their responses to various stimuli—mechanical, chemical, and pathological—is essential for effective clinical outcomes. The research aims to address critical questions such as the potential for better periodontal health through biological and chemical strategies, the role of molecular techniques, and the implications for orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in achieving optimal esthetic results.
Osteoblasts and Their Role in Bone Formation
One essential concept detailed in the article is the function of osteoblasts, which are mesenchymal origin cells responsible for bone formation. These cells secrete the extracellular matrix of bone, containing various proteins and growth factors that influence the development and function of osteoblasts. Factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and transforming growth factor (TGF) play a significant role in osteoblast differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells. Research demonstrates that the interaction of osteoblasts with mechanical stimuli, including orthodontic forces, leads to cellular responses vital for facilitating bone remodeling. This process is mediated by a complex interplay of signaling pathways, including integrin-mediated signaling, which allows osteoblasts to translate mechanical strain into biochemical responses that support OTM.
Conclusion
In summary, the article underscores the importance of integrating molecular biology and genetic research into orthodontic and periodontal practices to improve patient outcomes. With a deeper understanding of the role of PDL cells and the mechanisms underpinning orthodontic forces, both disciplines can work together more efficiently. Future research directions, such as utilizing salivary biomarkers for periodontal health assessment and techniques like periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics, hold promise for enhancing the effectiveness of orthodontic treatments. By fostering collaboration between orthodontists and periodontists, it is possible to achieve better periodontal health and aesthetic results for patients in an evolving dental landscape.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Anand K. Patil, Adarsh S. Shetty, Swati Setty, Srinath Thakur
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:
(A bimonthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Understanding the advances in biology of orthodontic tooth movement for improved ortho-perio interdisciplinary approach
Year: 2013 | Doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.115648
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are the cellular responses to orthodontic force on PDL cells?
Orthodontic force initiates a cascade of cellular events in the periodontal ligament, leading to changes in blood flow, inflammation, and remodeling of bone. This involves communication between osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and cytokines, coordinating the tooth movement process.
How do prostaglandins influence orthodontic tooth movement?
Prostaglandins, particularly PGE2, are key mediators in orthodontic tooth movement. They enhance osteoclastic activity and stimulate osteoblastic cell differentiation, thereby facilitating bone remodeling necessary for effective tooth movement.
What role do cytokines play in bone remodeling during orthodontics?
Cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-α stimulate bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment by promoting osteoclast proliferation and activity, leading to bone resorption and facilitating the movement of teeth.
Can salivary biomarkers be used in orthodontic treatment assessment?
Yes, salivary biomarkers are increasingly recognized for their potential to provide diagnostic information on periodontal health and orthodontic tooth movement, making assessment easier and non-invasive compared to traditional methods.
What is periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics?
Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics involves surgical techniques that enhance the speed of tooth movement by promoting bone remodeling. This approach includes selective alveolar decortication to facilitate quicker treatment outcomes.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Advancing orthodontic tooth movement for better ortho-perio care.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, including pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It plays a critical role in the body's healing process, particularly in the context of orthodontic treatment, as it affects periodontal tissues and bone remodeling in response to applied forces.
2) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the rigorous examination and investigation of a subject to increase understanding and knowledge. In the context of periodontal and orthodontic sciences, studies explore cellular responses, interactions, and the impacts of treatment modalities on periodontal health and disease progression.
3) Disease:
Disease denotes a pathological condition of a bodily part, an organism, or system resulting from various causes, such as infection, genetic defect, or environmental stress. In dentistry, periodontal diseases can complicate orthodontic treatments by affecting tissue health, requiring an understanding of disease mechanisms.
4) Field:
Field refers to a specific branch of study or area of expertise. In the context of interdisciplinary approaches in dentistry, the integration of orthodontics and periodontics as fields is crucial for enhancing patient outcomes and bridging knowledge gaps between these specializations.
5) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid that delivers necessary substances—such as nutrients and oxygen—to cells and transports waste products away from those cells. Changes in blood flow and oxygenation during orthodontic treatment can significantly affect the biological response of periodontal tissues.
6) Activity:
Activity refers to any action or process carried out by organisms. In orthodontics and periodontics, cellular activity encompasses responses to mechanical forces or inflammation, thus influencing tissue remodeling and healing. It encompasses a range of biological processes critical for effective treatment outcomes.
7) Surface:
Surface refers to the outermost layer of a material or living tissue. In the context of periodontal health, the surface of the bone, teeth, and periodontal tissues interacts with various biological factors, influencing how forces are transmitted and how healing occurs after orthodontic treatment.
8) Substance:
Substance represents matter with a defined composition and properties. In the context of orthodontics and periodontics, various substances, including chemical mediators like prostaglandins and cytokines, play crucial roles in inflammation, tissue responses, and overall treatment efficacy, impacting bone and periodontal status.
9) Account:
Account refers to a description or explanation of actions or phenomena. In orthodontic and periodontal research, accounting for various cellular and molecular mechanisms provides insight into how mechanical forces lead to changes in tissue behavior and responses, enhancing understanding and treatment strategies.
10) Science (Scientific):
Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. In dentistry, the integration of molecular biology and genetics enhances the understanding of complex interactions between orthodontic forces and biological responses in periodontal tissues.
11) Family:
Family, in a biological context, refers to a group of related organisms within a classification structure. In periodontal research, understanding the family of cells, such as fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, is vital for studying their collective roles in tissue maintenance and response to mechanical forces.
12) Medicine:
Medicine is the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease. The relevance of medicine in orthodontics and periodontics lies in the application of clinical knowledge to manage and enhance oral health, particularly in the context of tissue responses and healing processes.
13) Incision:
Incision refers to a surgical cut made in the skin or flesh. In periodontal surgery, incisions may be necessary to gain access to underlying tissues, facilitating treatments that can enhance the effectiveness of orthodontic procedures while minimizing adverse effects in the periodontal environment.
14) Repair:
Repair refers to the process of restoring something damaged or broken. In the context of periodontal tissues influenced by orthodontic treatment, repair processes involve the regeneration of soft and hard tissues, mediated by various cellular activities and growth factors that respond to mechanical injuries.
15) Nature:
Nature refers to the intrinsic characteristics or properties of something. In the context of orthodontic and periodontal research, understanding the nature of cellular and biological responses to mechanical forces aids in formulating effective treatment protocols, tailoring care to individual patient needs and conditions.
16) Kappa:
Kappa refers to a specific protein or factor within the body that plays a critical role in various biological processes. In dental research, kappa may relate to kappa B, connected to immune responses and inflammatory processes, thereby influencing periodontal health and disease.
17) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation denotes the gradual gathering or collection of items over time. In the context of periodontal health, the accumulation of inflammatory mediators during orthodontic treatment can lead to significant changes in tissue responses, affecting healing, bone remodeling, and overall treatment efficacy.
18) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transforming refers to making a marked change in form, nature, or appearance. In the context of molecular biology and orthodontics, understanding the transforming growth factor and its role in influencing cellular behaviors and interactions is key to improving orthodontic treatments and outcomes.
19) Nanoscience:
Nanoscience is the study of structures and materials on the nanometer scale (1 to 100 nanometers). In dentistry, advancements in nanoscience open new avenues for targeted therapies, enhancing cellular responses to orthodontic forces and periodontal treatments through innovative materials and biotechnology applications.
20) Reflecting:
Reflecting refers to the process of indicating or showing something. In orthodontic and periodontal research, reflecting on cellular and molecular responses to mechanical forces provides valuable insights into treatment efficacy, guiding future innovations and improving approaches in patient care.
21) Depression:
Depression in a dental or biological context can refer to a localized reduction in activity or function, such as bone density. In periodontics, conditions resulting in bone depression can hinder effective tooth movement and tissue health, necessitating careful evaluation during orthodontic treatment planning.
22) Knowledge:
Knowledge pertains to information and understanding acquired through experience or education. In orthodontics and periodontics, a deep knowledge of biological and molecular mechanisms is vital to effectively manage treatments, ensuring optimal outcomes and advancing research toward improved practices.
23) Quality:
Quality refers to the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind. In orthodontics and periodontics, ensuring the quality of care involves understanding biological responses to treatment, patient outcomes, and implementing evidence-based practices to optimize patient health.
24) Animal:
Animal, in the research context, refers to non-human species used in studies. Animal studies in orthodontics and periodontics offer valuable insights into biological responses to tooth movement, enabling researchers to understand mechanisms before transposing findings to human applications.
25) Visit:
Visit refers to an instance of going to see someone or to a place. In the context of dental care, patient visits are crucial for assessing treatment progress, understanding biological responses, and ensuring effective management of orthodontic and periodontal health through regular evaluations.
26) House:
House, in a broader sense, can refer to a structure or place dwelling. In scientific research, it might refer metaphorically to the home of biological processes within bodily systems. Understanding the house of specific cellular activities is essential in optimizing periodontal and orthodontic treatments.
27) Shari (Sari, Sari, Sari, Sari):
Sari is a traditional garment worn in the Indian subcontinent. While not directly related to orthodontics or periodontics, it reflects cultural aspects and patient demographics important in healthcare. Cultural awareness contributes to effective patient communication and treatment acceptance in diverse populations.