Thuvaraka rasayana regimen in Psoriasis vulgaris – A case report

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Thuvaraka rasayana regimen in Psoriasis vulgaris – A case report”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Table:
In academic and clinical studies, a table is a crucial tool for organizing and presenting data. It allows for the concise display of complex information, making comparisons easier. In the context of this study, tables may summarize patient assessments, treatment protocols, and clinical findings, aiding in data interpretation and analysis.

2) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
Rasayana is an Ayurvedic term referring to rejuvenation therapy that promotes health, longevity, and the enhancement of bodily functions. In the context of this study, it involves specific herbal preparations that support the balanced function of Dhatus (tissues) and strengthen the body's resistance against diseases such as psoriasis.

3) Disease:
A disease is defined as a pathological condition of a bodily part, an animal, or a plant resulting from various causes, including infection, genetic defect, or environmental stress. In this study, psoriasis is discussed as a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the skin, characterized by inflammation and rapid skin cell turnover.

4) Sthana:
Sthana in Ayurveda refers to 'location' or 'place.' It can also denote specific sites within the body where diseases manifest. Understanding Sthana is vital for diagnosing conditions like psoriasis, which typically appears in targeted regions, including the scalp and joints, thereby guiding treatment decisions and therapies.

5) Agnivesha (Agnivesa, Agni-vesha):
Agnivesha was an ancient Ayurvedic physician and scholar, known for authoring the 'Charaka Samhita,' a foundational text in Ayurveda that discusses medical theory and practice. This study references Agnivesha's work to explain the Ayurvedic understanding of diseases, including psoriasis, and methods for treatment and healing.

6) Samhita:
Samhita translates to 'compendium' or 'collection' in Sanskrit. In the context of Ayurveda, it refers to established texts that compile knowledge on medical practices, herbal remedies, and treatment protocols. The Charaka Samhita is a key resource for understanding the principles and methodologies for treating ailments like psoriasis.

7) Study (Studying):
The term study refers to a systematic investigation aimed at discovering and interpreting knowledge. This paper presents a clinical study focused on the treatment of psoriasis using Ayurvedic methods, evaluating the efficacy of specific therapies based on patient outcomes and observable clinical metrics.

8) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Shodhana is an Ayurvedic term meaning 'purification' or 'cleansing.' It represents a set of detoxifying procedures aimed at removing toxins from the body. This study emphasizes Shodhana therapies, which are essential for managing psoriasis by helping to expel accumulated doshas and restore balance in the body.

9) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurvedic medicine, encompassing the elements of air and space. It is responsible for movement, communication, and biological processes. An imbalance or vitiation of Vata can lead to disorders such as psoriasis, making it critical to address in treatment approaches.

10) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that focuses on holistic healing, emphasizing balance among body, mind, and spirit. Within this study, Ayurveda's principles and practices, including herbal treatments and detoxification, are explored as viable options for managing chronic skin disorders like psoriasis.

11) Dosha (Dosa):
Doshas are the fundamental energies or humors in Ayurveda, which govern physiological functions in the body. The three doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—are crucial for diagnosing and treating diseases. This study examines how imbalances in these doshas may contribute to the onset of psoriasis and its management.

12) Vamana:
Vamana is an Ayurvedic therapeutic process involving induced vomiting used to expel toxins and excess doshas from the body. In this study, Vamana therapy is utilized as part of the Shodhana process for psoriasis, aiming to restore balance and promote healing of affected tissues.

13) New Delhi:
New Delhi, the capital city of India, serves as the administrative hub for various governmental and health organizations. The address and location lend significance to this study by placing Ayurvedic practices in the context of conventional medical research and healthcare systems prevalent in urban settings.

14) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. This study focuses on Ayurvedic medicine as an alternative approach to treating psoriasis, highlighting its therapies, such as Rasayana and Shodhana, as effective in managing and minimizing the symptoms of this chronic condition.

15) Delhi:
Delhi, as a metropolitan area, represents a diverse population with varying healthcare needs and practices. It also serves as a cultural and educational center for Ayurvedic medicine, which makes the outcomes of the studied Ayurvedic treatments for psoriasis particularly relevant to urban healthcare challenges.

16) Blood:
Blood serves as the vital fluid circulating through the body, facilitating the transportation of nutrients, gases, and waste. In the context of this study, blood tests provide critical insights into the physiological state of the patient, assessing the underlying conditions associated with psoriasis and evaluating treatment efficacy.

17) Diet:
Diet is defined as the sum of food consumed by an individual. In this Ayurvedic context, dietary considerations are paramount to treatment protocols, as specific foods can influence the balance of doshas and overall health. The study emphasizes dietary restrictions that may support healing processes in psoriasis.

18) Abhyanga (Abhyamga):
Abhyanga is an Ayurvedic practice of oil massage intended to promote circulation, detoxification, and relaxation. This study incorporates Abhyanga as a therapeutic intervention for psoriasis patients to enhance treatment effects by nourishing the skin and improving blood flow to affected areas.

19) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita refers to clarified butter or ghee, considered a significant component in Ayurvedic treatments. It is used for its nourishing properties and as a vehicle for delivering herbal medicines. This study applies Ghrita as part of the therapeutic regimen for managing the symptoms of psoriasis.

20) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, symbolizing water and earth elements. It governs structure, lubrication, and stability in the body. In the study, a vitiation of Kapha is discussed in the context of psoriasis, necessitating intervention to restore dosha balance through Ayurvedic therapies.

21) Dhatu:
Dhatu refers to the seven fundamental tissues in Ayurveda: Rasa (plasma), Rakta (blood), Mamsa (muscle), Meda (fat), Asthi (bone), Majja (bone marrow), and Sukra (reproductive tissue). The study addresses how imbalances in Dhatus contribute to psoriasis pathology and emphasizes the role of Rasayana therapy in restoring their function.

22) Sign:
In medical context, 'sign' refers to any objective evidence of disease measurable by a physician. In this study, signs of psoriasis are evaluated through clinical examination and laboratory tests, providing critical insights into the disease’s progression and the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.

23) Post:
Post, meaning 'after' or 'following,' is commonly used in clinical studies to refer to assessments conducted after a treatment or intervention. In this research, post-treatment evaluations gauged the effectiveness of Ayurvedic therapies for psoriasis, tracking changes in symptoms and overall health outcomes.

24) Vagbhata:
Vagbhata was a prominent Ayurvedic scholar who authored the 'Ashtanga Hridaya,' a foundational text in Ayurveda. This study draws on Vagbhata's teachings to explore Ayurvedic principles and treatment strategies relevant to skin diseases such as psoriasis, established over centuries of clinical practice.

25) Madhyama:
Madhyama, which means 'medium' or 'intermediate,' often refers to the degree of treatment or a mid-level approach in Ayurveda. Within this study, Madhyama is utilized in detoxification and purification processes, balancing therapeutic intensity to safely and effectively address psoriasis in patients.

26) Ashtanga (Astanga, Ashtan-anga):
Ashtanga refers to the eight limbs of yoga, outlining various principles and practices aimed at holistic health. In this study, Ashtanga's relevance may extend to its incorporation within Ayurvedic therapies that support the overall well-being and recovery of patients suffering from chronic conditions, like psoriasis.

27) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is an ancient Indo-European language, foundational to the literature of Ayurveda and many religious texts in India. Its relevance in this study is notable as it is the language of original Ayurvedic manuscripts, crucial for understanding the historical context and terminologies used in traditional medical practices.

28) Hridaya (Hrdaya):
Hridaya, translating to 'heart' or 'core' in Sanskrit, also signifies emotional well-being in Ayurvedic philosophy. In the context of this study, Hridaya may reference the holistic approach of Ayurveda, focusing on both physical and emotional health as crucial components for treating diseases like psoriasis.

29) Nidana:
Nidana in Ayurveda refers to the cause or reasons underlying diseases. A thorough understanding of Nidana is essential for effective treatment. In this study, understanding the Nidana for psoriasis guides the choice of therapies aimed at addressing the root cause rather than just alleviating symptoms.

30) Bashpa (Baspa):
Bashpa refers to steam or vapors in Ayurvedic treatment protocols. It is utilized in therapy to promote sweating and detoxification. In this study, Bashpa therapy works in conjunction with herbal treatments to cleanse the body and enhance circulation, aiding in the management of skin disorders like psoriasis.

31) Rakta:
Rakta translates to 'blood' in Sanskrit and is considered one of the seven Dhatus in Ayurveda. It plays a critical role in nourishing body tissues and maintaining vitality. The study discusses the importance of balanced Rakta for skin health, particularly in conditions like psoriasis.

32) Line:
Line refers to a sequential course of treatment or thought. In this context, it may denote the methodological approach taken in the study, outlining specific Ayurvedic interventions followed for treating psoriasis, thus providing a structured framework for understanding patient care and outcomes.

33) Drug:
A drug is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease. In this study, the term may refer to Ayurvedic herbal preparations, such as 'Thuvaraka rasayana,' investigated for their effectiveness and safety in managing psoriasis and improving patients' well-being.

34) Observation:
Observation is a fundamental aspect of clinical practice, involving the careful monitoring of patients’ reactions to treatments. In this study, observations are pivotal for assessing treatment efficacy, documenting patient progress over time, and refining Ayurvedic approaches to managing psoriasis.

35) Cleansing:
Cleansing, or detoxification, is a therapeutic approach in Ayurveda aimed at removing impurities from the body. This study highlights cleansing techniques, such as Shodhana, which serve to balance doshas and promote healing from chronic conditions like psoriasis by purging toxins and restoring health.

36) Virecana:
Virecana is an Ayurvedic technique that involves purgation to eliminate toxins and excess doshas from the body. It's part of the Shodhana process and is employed in this study to treat psoriasis by clearing accumulated substances, promoting improved skin health and balance.

37) Pungent:
Pungent describes a strong, hot taste often associated with certain herbs and spices in Ayurveda. It signifies properties that can stimulate digestion and circulation. In this context, pungent substances may be utilized therapeutically to manage symptoms related to chronic conditions like psoriasis.

38) Srotas (Shrotas):
Srotas refers to the channels or pathways through which dhatus (tissues), nutrients, and waste products flow in the body. Acknowledging the condition of Srotas is crucial in Ayurveda, as blockages or imbalances can significantly impact health and contribute to diseases such as psoriasis.

39) Ashtangahridaya (Astangahrdaya, Ashtanga-hridaya):
Ashtanga-hridaya is an important Ayurvedic text authored by Vagbhata, which synthesizes and presents classical knowledge on health, disease, and treatment. This text is often referenced in studies like this for foundational Ayurvedic insights and methodologies relevant to the treatment of skin disorders.

40) Nidanasthana (Nidana-sthana):
Nidana-sthana refers to a specific part of Ayurvedic texts that discusses the causes of diseases. This section is essential for understanding how various factors contribute to conditions like psoriasis, thereby guiding practitioners in developing insightful treatment plans that address the underlying issues.

41) Raktadhatu (Rakta-dhatu):
Rakta-dhatu signifies the blood tissue in Ayurveda, playing a vital role in health and vitality. Its balance is crucial for maintaining optimal skin condition. This study emphasizes the significance of Rakta-dhatu in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the restorative measures needed to enhance its health.

42) Similarity:
Similarity refers to the degree to which two or more entities are alike. In this study, identifying similarities between Ayurvedic understanding of psoriasis and modern medical interpretations can bridge traditional and contemporary practices, facilitating better treatment strategies and integrating diverse healthcare approaches.

43) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshana translates to 'symptoms' or 'signs' in Ayurveda, indicating the manifestations of a disease. In this study, recognizing the Lakshana of psoriasis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning, guiding personalized interventions to enhance patient outcomes.

44) Varanasi (Varanashi):
Varanasi is a significant city in India known for its rich cultural heritage and historical contributions to Ayurveda. Its educational institutions often research and promote Ayurvedic practices, making it a relevant location for studies examining ancient knowledge and its applications in contemporary healthcare.

45) Sadashiva (Sadasiva, Sada-shiva):
Sadasiva refers to a historical figure in the realm of Ayurvedic studies, contributing to the literature and practices within this field. Understanding his contributions helps contextualize this study in the broader evolution of Ayurvedic medicine, emphasizing its enduring relevance in patient care.

46) Kaphaja:
Kaphaja refers to conditions arising from an imbalance of Kapha dosha, characterized by qualities linked to water and earth. Recognizing Kaphaja effects is essential in managing diseases like psoriasis, as treatment protocols may specifically target these imbalances to restore health and balance.

47) Snigdha:
Snigdha indicates the attribute of being oily or unctuous, often related to healing and nourishment in Ayurveda. The application of Snigdha substances in treatment protocols signifies an approach aimed at soothing and restoring the skin's health for psoriasis patients, enhancing their overall well-being.

48) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya denotes the taste described as astringent, often stemming from certain herbs. In Ayurvedic treatments, Kashaya is employed for its detoxifying properties, aiding in the management of conditions like psoriasis by promoting elimination and balance of doshas necessary for healing.

49) Cutting:
Cutting may refer to advanced techniques used during surgical procedures or therapies in a medical context. This study may mention cutting techniques symbolically as part of Ayurvedic detoxification methods, signifying the removal of obstructive materials within the body affecting conditions like psoriasis.

50) Account:
Account pertains to observational records or documented experiences concerning a phenomenon. In this context, a clinical account is a narrative detailing patient progress and response to treatment. It serves to illustrate the practical application of Ayurvedic methods in managing chronic conditions like psoriasis.

51) Allergy:
Allergy refers to hypersensitivity reactions triggered by certain substances or allergens. While not the focus of this study, understanding potential allergic reactions informs treatment planning for psoriasis patients, helping to avoid triggers while fostering an effective Ayurvedic approach to symptoms and recovery.

52) Itching:
Itching is a common symptom in skin disorders, including psoriasis, characterized by an uncomfortable sensation prompting scratching. This study highlights itching as a primary symptom managed through Ayurvedic therapies, addressing underlying imbalances in doshas and promoting skin health through various interventions.

53) Science (Scientific):
Science refers to the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation. In this study, the integration of Ayurvedic practices into scientific frameworks helps facilitate understanding and credence to traditional healing modalities like those for treating psoriasis.

54) Dipika:
Dipika translates to 'light' or 'illumination' and often refers to commentaries that elucidate classical texts. In Ayurveda, texts like Dipika provide deeper insights into the principles of treatments, enhancing understanding of traditional practices like those used in managing conditions such as psoriasis.

55) Uttara:
Uttara refers to 'later' or 'subsequent' and is often used in traditional texts to denote sections or themes that explore advanced knowledge. In Ayurvedic literature, it may pertain to later stages in treatment protocols or refinements in therapeutic practices discussed within the scope of this study.

56) Family:
Family typically refers to a group of related individuals or species. In this context, it can pertain to the classification of medicinal plants used in Ayurveda. Understanding plant families helps in identifying effective treatments for conditions like psoriasis based on shared properties and benefits.

57) Indian:
Indian denotes the origin, culture, or practices associated with India. In this study, Indian Ayurvedic traditions are explored as a holistic medical system, representing a rich heritage of knowledge concerning health and healing that provides alternative management strategies for conditions like psoriasis.

58) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three doshas in Ayurvedic medicine, embodying the principles of fire and transformation. It governs metabolism and digestion. In this study, managing Pitta imbalances is essential in treating psoriasis, as excess Pitta may exacerbate inflammatory responses in affected patients.

59) Karma (Karman):
Karma refers to the concept of action and its consequences in life. In Ayurvedic practice, karma also relates to the actions taken to maintain or restore health. This study may refer to karma in the context of therapeutic actions, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions in psoriasis treatment.

60) Vidhi:
Vidhi means 'method' or 'procedure,' often outlining the steps to be followed in Ayurvedic treatment. This study systematically describes Vidhis for effective management of psoriasis, ensuring that practitioners employ structured, evidence-based approaches to therapeutic interventions.

61) Stana:
Stana translates to 'place' or 'position' and can refer to anatomical locations within Ayurveda. In the context of this study, understanding Stana helps identify the specific areas most affected by diseases like psoriasis and informs targeted treatment strategies.

62) Mason:
Mason refers to a craftsman skilled in working with stone or brick. In this context, it may symbolize the foundational principles and structured approach to building knowledge around effective treatment methodologies, similar to constructing an edifice, using Ayurvedic practices for managing complex diseases like psoriasis.

63) Yusa (Yusha):
Yusha refers to a type of watery gruel or porridge in Ayurveda often used for dietary management during treatments. This study may highlight Yusha as part of diet recommendations for psoriasis patients, emphasizing nourishing and easily digestible foods that support healing.

64) Rules:
Rules define the established guidelines or principles governing practices or behaviors. In the context of Ayurveda, rules dictate treatment protocols for various conditions, including psoriasis, ensuring therapeutic interventions adhere to traditional wisdom while fostering optimal health outcomes.

65) Roga:
Roga translates to 'disease' or 'illness' within Ayurvedic terminology. Understanding Roga is crucial for diagnosing and treating conditions like psoriasis, as it encompasses both the symptoms being experienced and the underlying imbalances that trigger the disease progression.

66) Agni:
Agni is a foundational concept in Ayurveda representing ‘digestive fire,’ essential for metabolism and assimilation of nutrients. In psoriasis treatment, balancing Agni is crucial; improving digestive capacity may enhance treatment efficacy and contribute to overall health improvement for patients.

67) Hari (Harin):
Hari is often associated with Lord Vishnu in Indian philosophy, symbolizing preservation and protection. In Ayurvedic context, invoking the name of divinity may reflect the holistic approach to healing, encompassing spiritual wellness alongside physical treatments, particularly in the management of chronic diseases like psoriasis.

68) Katu:
Katu translates to 'pungent' and describes a taste that invigorates and stimulates digestion. Katu is significant in Ayurvedic formulations designed for detoxification and can be used strategically in treatments for skin conditions such as psoriasis as it aids in stimulating metabolic processes.

69) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa refers to the essence or flavor of food or medications in Ayurveda. The concept emphasizes the importance of taste in therapeutic efficacy, with different rasas influencing the body’s functions. This study may discuss Rasa to highlight how dietary choices affect health outcomes in psoriasis.

70) Fire:
Fire denotes energy and transformation. In Ayurvedic physiology, it represents Agni— the metabolic energy vital for digestion and wellness. In treating conditions like psoriasis, understanding the role of 'fire' or metabolic processes is essential for tailoring interventions that restore health and balance.

71) Acacia catechu:
Acacia catechu, commonly known as Khair or black cutch, is a plant with significant medicinal properties. In Ayurveda, its extracts are utilized for their purifying effects. The study may refer to Acacia catechu in the context of therapies aimed at treating skin disorders like psoriasis through traditional herbal approaches.

72) Peer review:
Peer review is a process where scholarly work or research is evaluated by others in the same field for quality and validity before publication. This process ensures that the study on psoriasis treatments adheres to rigorous methodological standards, enhancing credibility and scientific rigor in Ayurvedic research.

73) Gandharvahastadi:
Gandharvahastadi refers to a specific Ayurvedic formulation used for treatment. This study may incorporate Gandharvahastadi as a part of therapeutic protocols aimed at improving outcomes for psoriasis patients, emphasizing the efficacy of traditional herbal concoctions in managing skin ailments.

74) Purification:
Purification in Ayurveda refers to cleansing techniques designed to eliminate toxins and restore balance. This study focuses on purification methods relevant to managing psoriasis, highlighting their role in detoxifying the body and supporting the healing of the skin while reinstating harmony within bodily systems.

75) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulated refers to the build-up of substances within the body, often leading to dysfunction or disease. In the context of this study, it highlights the recognition of toxins or doshas, particularly within the framework of psoriasis management, addressing the need for therapies aimed at removal and balance restoration.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 113]