Conceptual Study- Santarpanjanaya Vikara w.s.r. Dyslipidemia
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: Conceptual Study- Santarpanjanaya Vikara w.s.r. Dyslipidemia
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Dyslipidaemia is a significant and growing concern among lifestyle disorders, increasing the risk of associated conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and obesity. It is defined as an abnormality in lipid levels within the bloodstream, which can contribute to a variety of metabolic syndromes. This study aims to explore the Ayurvedic concept of Santarpanjanya vikaras, a group of disorders that arise as complications of dyslipidaemia, attributed to lifestyle choices that lead to an excess energy intake compared to expenditure. The paper discusses the rising prevalence of dyslipidaemia, particularly in India, where various lifestyle factors contribute to its high incidence.
The Concept of Santarpanjanya Vikaras
The term Santarpan signifies satiety, which, in a pathological context, refers to an excess of energy intake leading to health issues. Santarpanjanya vikaras includes disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and various skin diseases that can arise from overnutrition and faulty metabolism. Factors leading to these disorders include sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, alcohol consumption, and stress. Specifically, excessive intake of heavy foods laden with fats and sugars can aggravate the body's Kapha dosha, contributing to the development of various health problems by creating metabolic disturbances. These conditions reflect how modern lifestyles are impacting health, requiring a deeper understanding of their Ayurvedic correlates.
Lifestyle Impacts on Dyslipidaemia
The research highlights the link between dietary choices and the emergence of dyslipidaemia and its associated disorders. In Ayurvedic medicine, food properties such as Snigdha (oily), Guru (heavy), and Picchila (sticky) are noted to contribute significantly to the accumulation of body fat and disturbances in metabolic functions. The paper also emphasizes the role of Nidanas (causative factors) like excessive sleep and physical inactivity, which further exacerbate these conditions by promoting the buildup of adipose tissue and slowing down metabolism. As modern habits shift towards higher energy intake with inadequate physical activity, the risk of developing Santarpanjanya vikaras has increased drastically.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the study reinforces the significance of addressing dyslipidaemia through the lens of Santarpanjanya vikaras within Ayurveda, encouraging lifestyle modifications and dietary changes as primary treatment strategies. Recognizing the interconnectedness of these lifestyle factors is essential for mitigating the risk of severe complications such as coronary artery diseases and obesity. An integrative approach that encompasses diet, physical activity, and Ayurvedic interventions is critical for managing dyslipidaemia effectively and promoting overall health.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Priyanka Goyal
MD Scholar Final Year, Patanjali Ayurveda College, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
Dhruv Mishra
Professor, Kayachikitsa Department, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
Abhishek Bhushan Sharma
Professor, Kayachikitsa Department, Motherhood Ayurvedic Medical College, Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Conceptual Study- Santarpanjanaya Vikara w.s.r. Dyslipidemia
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v9i3.941
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is dyslipidaemia and its relation to Santarpanjanya vikaras?
Dyslipidaemia is a lifestyle disorder characterized by abnormal lipid levels in the body. It correlates with Santarpanjanya vikaras in Ayurveda, which refers to disorders arising from overnutrition and defective tissue metabolism, leading to complications like diabetes and hypertension.
What lifestyle factors contribute to dyslipidaemia and associated disorders?
Sedentary lifestyles, poor eating habits, stress, drinking, smoking, and drug abuse contribute to dyslipidaemia and various lifestyle disorders. These unhealthy habits increase the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and other complications.
What are the treatment options for managing Santarpanjanya vikaras?
Treatment includes Nidana parivarjan (avoiding etiological factors), Sanshodhana chikitsa (detoxification therapies), and Samshaman chikitsa (using specific herbal drugs). Lifestyle modifications, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity, are also crucial in management.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Conceptual Study- Santarpanjanaya Vikara w.s.r. Dyslipidemia”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Vikara:
In Ayurveda, 'Vikara' refers to a pathological condition or disease that arises from the imbalance of doshas. It encompasses a wide variety of disorders, often related to disruptions in normal bodily functions.
2) Disease:
'Disease' denotes an abnormal condition affecting the body, often resulting from environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors. It includes conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. Dyslipidaemia, for example, can lead to various diseases if not managed properly.
3) Kapha:
One of the three doshas in Ayurveda, 'Kapha' is associated with the elements of water and earth. It governs body structure and fluid balance, and its imbalance can lead to conditions like obesity and laziness.
4) Dosha (Dosa):
'Dosha' refers to the three fundamental bodily bio-elements in Ayurveda: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. They determine physiological and psychological functions of the body and mind. Imbalances in doshas are the root cause of diseases.
5) Wine:
In the context of 'Madya', or wine, Ayurveda differentiates between 'Naveen madya' (new wine) and 'Purana madya' (old wine). New wine can cause dosha imbalances, while old wine promotes circulation and digestion.
6) Nidana:
'Nidana' refers to the causative factors or etiological agents of diseases. These include dietary habits, lifestyle choices, and other environmental factors that lead to the development of various disorders in Ayurveda.
7) Ahara:
'Ahara' means food or diet in Ayurveda. The quality, quantity, and type of food one consumes are vital for maintaining health and preventing 'Santarpanjanya vikaras' or diseases due to overnutrition.
8) Food:
'Food' in Ayurveda is considered as medicine when consumed in the right quality and quantity. Different foods have specific properties (Gunas) that can either enhance health or lead to diseases like dyslipidaemia.
9) Pitta:
'Pitta' is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, made of fire and water elements. It governs metabolism, digestion, and body temperature. Imbalance in Pitta can lead to diseases related to inflammation and metabolism.
10) Guru:
'Guru' is a quality denoting heaviness in Ayurveda. Foods and substances with this quality are more difficult to digest and can lead to heaviness in the body, often contributing to the accumulation of adipose tissue.
11) Rasa (Rasha):
'Rasa' refers to the taste and essence of food in Ayurveda. The six tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, pungent, and astringent) influence the doshas and overall health.
12) Drug:
'Drug' in Ayurveda refers to herbal and natural medicines used to treat various health conditions. These drugs have specific actions like Medohara (fat-reducing) and Kaphapittashamak (balancing Kapha and Pitta).
13) Kaphadosha (Kaphadosa, Kapha-dosha):
'Kaphadosha' is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, responsible for stability, lubrication, and growth. It is composed of water and earth elements. Its imbalance leads to conditions like obesity and lethargy.
14) Rakta:
'Rakta' means blood in Ayurveda. It plays a crucial role in nourishing the body's tissues (Dhatus) and is involved in various physiological processes.
15) Dhatu:
'Dhatu' refers to the seven fundamental tissues in Ayurveda that sustain the body. These include Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja, and Shukra. Imbalance in dhatus can lead to various health issues.
16) Honey:
'Honey' is used in Ayurveda both as a medicine and a carrier for other drugs. It has properties like Medohara (fat-reducing) and can enhance the taste and efficacy of Ayurvedic preparations.
17) Vata:
'Vata' is one of the three doshas, made of air and ether elements. It governs movement, including the flow of thoughts and bodily fluids. Imbalances can cause conditions like anxiety, bloating, and constipation.
18) Picchila:
'Picchila' denotes a sticky quality in Ayurveda. Foods and substances with this quality can obstruct body channels (Srotas) and predominantly vitiate Kapha dosha, Medo, and Mamsa dhatus in the body.
19) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
'Ayurveda' is an ancient system of medicine from India that focuses on balancing the three doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—to maintain health and treat diseases. It includes diet, lifestyle, and herbal treatments.
20) Vyayama:
'Vyayama' refers to physical exercise in Ayurveda. Regular exercise helps in balancing Kapha dosha, preventing the accumulation of adipose tissue, and enhancing overall metabolism.
21) Sevana:
'Sevana' means consumption or indulgence in Ayurveda. For example, 'Ahara sevana' refers to food consumption, while 'Madhya sevana' refers to wine consumption.
22) Vamana:
'Vamana' is a therapeutic vomiting procedure used in Ayurveda's Panchakarma to expel excess Kapha dosha and toxins from the body, helping treat conditions like respiratory disorders and Kapha-dominant diseases.
23) Srotas (Shrotas):
'Srotas' are the channels in the body that transport nutrients, waste, and other substances. Obstruction in srotas can lead to various diseases, including those related to metabolism and circulation.
24) Nature:
[see source text or glossary: Nature]
25) Powder:
In Ayurveda, 'Powder' refers to finely ground herbs and substances used for medicinal purposes. These powders can be consumed directly or mixed with other ingredients to treat various health conditions.
26) Mamsa (Mamsha):
'Mamsa' refers to muscle tissue in Ayurveda. It is one of the seven dhatus (tissues) and plays a critical role in providing strength and structure to the body.
27) Madya:
'Madya' refers to alcoholic beverages in Ayurveda. The text distinguishes between new (Naveen madya) and old (Purana madya) wines, with old wines being preferred for their beneficial effects on circulation and digestion.
28) India:
'India' is the birthplace of Ayurveda, where traditional practices and modern epidemiological studies often coexist. The prevalence of lifestyle diseases like dyslipidaemia is addressed through both Ayurvedic and modern approaches.
29) Medas (Meda, Medash):
'Meda' refers to fat tissue in Ayurveda. An increase in Meda dhatu leads to conditions like obesity and dyslipidaemia, and it is targeted for reduction in treatments for these conditions.
30) Diet:
'Diet' is a crucial aspect of Ayurveda, referred to as 'Ahara'. Proper dietary habits are essential for maintaining dosha balance and preventing 'Santarpanjanya vikaras' or diseases due to overnutrition.
31) Mutrakriccha (Mutrakrccha, Mutra-kriccha):
'Mutrakriccha' refers to dysuria or difficulty in urination in Ayurveda. It is one of the conditions that can result from an imbalance in the body's doshas and dhatus.
32) Purification:
'Purification' in Ayurveda refers to detoxifying and cleansing therapies like Panchakarma, which includes Vamana (vomiting), Virechana (purgation), Basti (enema), and Raktamokshana (bloodletting) to remove toxins.
33) Raktadhatu (Rakta-dhatu):
In Ayurveda, 'Rakta-dhatu' refers to the blood tissue. It plays a vital role in nourishing other tissues and is involved in various physiological processes. An imbalance can lead to various health issues.
34) Agnimantha (Agni-mantha, Agnimamtha):
'Agnimantha' is an Ayurvedic medicinal plant used for its therapeutic properties. It is often used in formulations to treat conditions like dyslipidaemia and other metabolic disorders.
35) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
'Vata-dosha' is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, composed of air and ether elements. It regulates movement and communication within the body. Imbalance can lead to symptoms like bloating, anxiety, and dryness.
36) Pittadosha (Pittadosa, Pitta-dosha):
'Pittadosha' is one of the three doshas, composed of fire and water. It governs metabolism, digestion, and body temperature. Imbalance in Pitta can lead to inflammatory conditions and metabolic disorders.
37) Abhishyandi (Abhisyandi):
'Abhisyandi' refers to foods and substances that cause clogging or obstruction in the body's channels (Srotas). These can predominantly vitiate Kapha dosha, leading to a range of ailments.
38) Samtarpana (Santarpana):
'Santarpana' refers to satiety or nourishment in Ayurveda. It often implies over-nourishment or overnutrition, which can lead to 'Santarpanjanya vikaras', a group of disorders caused by excessive intake relative to expenditure.
39) Substance:
[see source text or glossary: Substance]
40) Langhana (Lamghana):
'Langhana' refers to therapies aimed at reducing body weight and detoxification in Ayurveda. It includes fasting, exercise, and the use of specific herbs to achieve a lightening effect on the body.
41) Madhura:
'Madhura' means sweet in Ayurveda and refers to one of the six tastes. Sweet foods predominantly vitiate Kapha and Medo dhatus, leading to overnourishment and related disorders.
42) Lekhana:
'Lekhana' refers to scraping or reducing therapy in Ayurveda. Lekhana dravyas (scraping agents) are used for reducing excess fat, Kapha, and other tissues that are overgrown in the body.
43) Vidanga (Vidamga):
'Vidanga' is an Ayurvedic herb known for its anti-parasitic and digestive properties. It is often used in formulations for treating obesity and other Kapha-related disorders.
44) Prameha:
'Prameha' is a term in Ayurveda that refers to a group of diseases similar to diabetes. It is characterized by excessive urination and other metabolic disorders, often resulting from an imbalance in the doshas.
45) Snigdha:
'Snigdha' means oily or unctuous in Ayurveda. Foods and substances with this quality are heavy and can lead to an increase in Kapha dosha, often causing conditions like obesity and sluggish digestion.
46) Vriddhi (Vrddhi):
'Vriddhi' means increase or growth in Ayurveda. It often refers to the pathological increase of doshas or tissues, such as Medo Vriddhi (increase in fat tissue) leading to obesity and related disorders.
47) Dravya:
'Dravya' means substance or material in Ayurveda. It refers to the herbs, minerals, and other materials used for medicinal purposes in treatments for various diseases.
48) Vyadhin (Vyadhi):
'Vyadhi' means disease or ailment in Ayurveda. It encompasses all pathological conditions arising from dosha imbalances, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes.
49) Tikta:
'Tikta' means bitter in Ayurveda and is one of the six tastes. Bitter foods and herbs are often used for their detoxifying and dosha-balancing properties, especially to reduce Pitta and Kapha.
50) Yava:
'Yava' refers to barley in Ayurveda. It is considered a light food that helps in reducing fat and balancing Kapha dosha. It is often recommended for weight management and metabolic health.
51) Guna:
'Guna' means quality in Ayurveda. It describes the inherent properties of substances, such as heavy (Guru) or light (Laghu), and these qualities influence the effect of food and herbs on the body.
52) Sama (Shama):
'Sama' means equal or balanced in Ayurveda. It often refers to a state of equilibrium in the body, where the doshas, dhatus, and malas are in balance.
53) Pharmacological:
In the context of Ayurveda, 'Pharmacological' refers to the study of drugs and their effects on the body. This includes understanding how Ayurvedic herbs and compounds influence dosha balance and treat diseases.
54) Raktamokshana (Raktamoksana, Rakta-mokshana):
'Raktamokshana' is a bloodletting therapy in Ayurveda used to treat conditions caused by an excess of blood or toxins in the bloodstream. It helps in balancing Pitta and detoxifying the body.
55) Malnutrition:
'Malnutrition' in Ayurveda refers to the imbalance in nutrient intake, either deficiency or excess, leading to various health issues. Lifestyle disorders like dyslipidaemia can arise from malnutrition.
56) Buddhimoha (Buddhi-moha):
'Buddhi-moha' refers to the confusion or delusion of the intellect in Ayurveda. It can result from the imbalance of doshas, particularly Kapha and Pitta, affecting the clarity of thought.
57) Atisthaulya:
'Atisthaulya' means severe obesity in Ayurveda. It is a condition resulting from Kapha and Medo dosha imbalance, characterized by excessive fat accumulation and related metabolic disorders.
58) Mamsadhatu (Mamsha-dhatu):
'Mamsa-dhatu' refers to muscle tissue in Ayurveda. It is one of the seven fundamental tissues and essential for strength and movement. Imbalance can lead to various muscular and systemic disorders.
59) Agnimandya (Agni-mandya, Agnimamdya):
'Agnimandhya' means weak digestive fire in Ayurveda. It leads to improper digestion and metabolism, contributing to conditions like dyslipidaemia and other metabolic disorders.
60) Kaphapitta (Kapha-pitta):
'Kaphapitta' is a combined state of Kapha and Pitta doshas. When imbalanced, it can cause various disorders related to metabolism, including dyslipidaemia and other lifestyle diseases.
61) Urustambha (Uru-stambha):
[see source text or glossary: Urustambha]
62) Katutikta (Katu-tikta):
'Katu-tikta' refers to the combination of pungent (Katu) and bitter (Tikta) tastes in Ayurveda. These tastes are used for their therapeutic properties to balance Kapha and Pitta doshas.
63) Discussion:
'Discussion' in the context of Ayurveda includes the analysis of classical texts and modern research to understand and treat various diseases. It helps bridge traditional knowledge with contemporary science.
64) Shilajatu (Silajatu, Shila-jatu):
'Shilajatu' is a mineral-rich resin used in Ayurveda for its rejuvenating and adaptogenic properties. It is often used to treat metabolic disorders and enhance overall vitality.
65) Samprapti:
'Samprapti' refers to the pathogenesis or development of a disease in Ayurveda. It involves the understanding of causative factors, dosha involvement, and the progression of the disease.
66) Stambhana:
'Stambhana' means astringent or constricting actions in Ayurveda. It is used to stop or slow down the flow of bodily fluids, often applied in conditions like diarrhea and excessive bleeding.
67) Patanjali:
'Patanjali' refers to the Ayurvedic college and research institute mentioned in the text, contributing to the research and education in Ayurveda.
68) Rasanjana (Rasa-anjana, Rasamjana):
'Rasanjana' is a medicinal compound used in Ayurveda. It consists of purified extracts from specific plants and is used for its therapeutic benefits, such as treating eye disorders and skin conditions.
69) Mahabhuta (Maha-bhuta):
'Mahabhuta' refers to the five great elements in Ayurveda: Earth, Water, Fire, Air, and Ether. These elements form the basis of all physical existence and influence dosha characteristics.
70) Anulomana:
'Anulomana' refers to the downward movement of doshas and waste products in Ayurveda. It includes therapies that promote this movement, aiding in detoxification and balancing Vata dosha.
71) Mahadosha (Mahadosa, Maha-dosha):
'Mahadosha' refers to a severe or significant imbalance of doshas in Ayurveda, leading to major physiological disruptions and chronic diseases. Effective management requires comprehensive therapeutic interventions.
72) Tridosha (Tridosa, Tri-dosha):
'Tridosha' refers to the three doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. The balance of these doshas is essential for health, and their imbalance leads to various diseases.
73) Ativisa (Ativisha):
'Ativisha' is an Ayurvedic herb known for its medicinal properties, including anti-toxic and digestive benefits. It is often used in formulations for treating fever, diarrhea, and respiratory issues.
74) Haritaki:
'Haritaki' is a prominent herb in Ayurveda, known as one of the constituents of Triphala. It has multiple health benefits, including aiding digestion, detoxifying the body, and balancing all three doshas.
75) Triphala (Tri-phala):
'Triphala' is a traditional Ayurvedic formulation consisting of three fruits: Amalaki, Bibhitaki, and Haritaki. It is used for detoxification, improving digestion, and balancing all three doshas.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 157]