Antibacterial activity of Ruta chalapensis, Quercus infectoria, Canthium parviflorum.

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Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Ruta chalapensis (L), Quercus infectoria (Oliver) and Canthium parviflorum (Lam)
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:

This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.

Author:

P. Sathiya Priya, J.M. Sasikumar, G. Gowsigan


Ancient Science of Life:

(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)

Full text available for: Antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Ruta chalapensis (L), Quercus infectoria (Oliver) and Canthium parviflorum (Lam)

Year: 2009

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Medicinal plants have been instrumental in traditional healing practices for centuries, with a significant portion of the global population relying on them for healthcare. This study focuses on the antibacterial properties of three medicinal plants: Ruta chalepensis (L), Quercus infectoria (Oliver), and Canthium parviflorum (Lam). The research specifically evaluates the effectiveness of the methanol extracts of these plants against various multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant infections has heightened interest in exploring the antimicrobial potential of indigenous medicinal flora.

Antibacterial Activity

The study employed the disc diffusion method to assess the antibacterial activity of the plant extracts at different concentrations (1, 2, and 5 mg/ml). Among the tested extracts, Ruta chalepensis exhibited the most significant antibacterial effects, particularly at a concentration of 5 mg/ml, inhibiting a range of pathogens effectively. Quercus infectoria also showed notable activity against specific bacteria like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, while Canthium parviflorum displayed limited effectiveness. The antibacterial activity is likely attributable to various active compounds, including essential oils and tannins, present in the extracts, underscoring the potential of these plants as alternative antimicrobial agents.

Conclusion

The findings from this research demonstrate that Ruta chalepensis (L) possesses considerable antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains, making it a promising candidate for further pharmacological exploration. Although Quercus infectoria and Canthium parviflorum also displayed some antibacterial properties, their effectiveness was less pronounced than that of Ruta chalepensis. Future studies are recommended to isolate and identify the active chemical compounds responsible for these antibacterial effects and to explore the potential for developing natural antibiotics derived from these traditional medicinal plants.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What are the selected medicinal plants in the study?

The study focuses on three medicinal plants: Ruta chalepensis, Quercus infectoria, and Canthium parviflorum. Each plant has traditional uses in treating various ailments and was investigated for its antibacterial properties.

What method was used to evaluate antibacterial activity?

The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method. This involves inoculating agar plates with bacterial cultures, applying methanol extracts of the plants on discs, and measuring the resulting zones of inhibition.

Which plant exhibited the highest antibacterial activity?

Ruta chalepensis demonstrated the most significant antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens. Its methanol extract showed the highest zone of inhibition, indicating effectiveness against multiple drug-resistant strains.

What were the results for Canthium parviflorum's antibacterial properties?

Canthium parviflorum showed limited antibacterial activity, inhibiting Escherichia coli at concentrations of 2 and 5 mg/ml. However, it exhibited resistance against most other tested microorganisms at these concentrations.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Antibacterial activity of Ruta chalapensis, Quercus infectoria, Canthium parviflorum.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
An antibiotic is a type of drug specifically designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. The study references the history and continuing reliance on antibiotics, emphasizing the necessity to explore plant-based alternatives as drug resistance to conventional antibiotics becomes a growing concern.

2) Activity:
Activity in this context pertains to the effectiveness or ability of a substance, such as a plant extract, to exert a biological effect, specifically antibacterial properties. The study aims to measure and discuss the antibacterial activity of the chosen medicinal plants against specific bacterial strains.

3) Drug:
A drug is a chemical substance used for therapeutic purposes to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease. Traditional medicinal plants are explored as alternative drugs, especially in light of antibiotic resistance, indicating their potential role in modern medicine as effective treatments derived from natural sources.

4) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. The relevance in the text lies in the traditional use of medicinal plants as a form of medicine, highlighting their historical significance and ongoing importance in contemporary healthcare and therapeutic practices.

5) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiated refers to a state of imbalance or disorder in the body, often discussed in Ayurvedic medicine. The term describes conditions needing treatment, underlining the concept that certain medicinal plants can help mitigate these imbalances, particularly concerning the doshas (bioenergetic forces) like Kapha and Vata.

6) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic study of the natural world through observation and experimentation. In this context, the research demonstrates a scientific approach to evaluating the antibacterial properties of medicinal plants, contributing to the broader field of phytochemistry and the understanding of traditional medicine's relevance.

7) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing earth and water elements associated with stability, structure, and fluid balance. Its vitiation may lead to health issues, making knowledge of Kapha essential for understanding the therapeutic roles of certain medicinal plants in Ayurveda.

8) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section in research where results are interpreted and implications are drawn. It is relevant as it allows the authors to critically analyze their findings regarding the antibacterial activities of the evaluated medicinal plants and their potential applications in traditional medicine.

9) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes balance in bodily systems and uses natural substances, including plants, for healing. Its philosophical underpinnings are crucial for understanding the medicinal properties of the plants being studied, which are categorized according to their effects on the doshas.

10) Quality:
Quality in the context of this study pertains to the efficacy, safety, and standardization of the extracted compounds from medicinal plants. It signifies the importance of ensuring that the therapeutic effects of these plants are consistent and reproducible for effective medicinal use.

11) Sharman (Sarma, Sarma, Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma could refer to an individual's surname (in this context, a researcher). In academic texts, prominent authors or contributors to the field are often cited for their work, indicating the development of knowledge in medicinal plants and traditional practices, which may influence the study's credibility.

12) Priya:
Priya is likely an author's name associated with the study. The presence of authors indicates collaboration and contribution to scientific knowledge regarding the antibacterial properties of traditional medicinal plants, establishing the importance of individual researchers in advancing research in pharmacology and botany.

13) Water:
Water is a fundamental substance for all living organisms and often serves as a solvent in biological studies, including the extraction of plant compounds. In this research, the washing and extraction of plant materials likely involved water, highlighting its necessity in preparing the samples for testing.

14) Vata:
Vata, another dosha in Ayurveda, represents air and space elements and is associated with movement and change in the body. Understanding Vata is crucial when studying the effects of plants on human health, especially in Ayurveda, where treatments aim to balance the doshas affected by various ailments.

15) Hand:
Hand could symbolize manual techniques in the extraction and experimentation processes described in the study. In a broader sense, it can represent the hands-on approach used in laboratory methods, emphasizing the importance of skilled techniques in obtaining reliable and valid results in scientific research.

16) Soil:
Soil serves as the natural habitat for medicinal plants and is crucial for their growth. Its relevance in the context of the study underscores the importance of environmental factors that contribute to the phytochemical composition of plants, which may influence their antibacterial efficacy and medicinal value.

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