Cardiac markers in Wistar rats fed extracts and cod-liver oil.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Cardiac markers integrity in wistar rats model fed with aqueous extracts of phoenix dactylifera, cyperus esculentus and soybean with cod-liver oil
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:
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Dr. Solomon M. Uvoh, Dr. Kiridi Emily Gabriel E. and Dr. Blessing Leelee Dum-Awara
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Cardiac markers integrity in wistar rats model fed with aqueous extracts of phoenix dactylifera, cyperus esculentus and soybean with cod-liver oil
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20243-31252
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study conducted by Solomon et al. investigated the impact of aqueous extracts from Cyperus esculentus (tigernut), Phoenix dactylifera (date fruit), and soybean, combined with cod liver oil, on the integrity of cardiac markers in a Wistar rat model. Given the rising mortality rates from myocardial infarction globally, understanding how these natural extracts may exert cardioprotective effects is crucial. Cardiac markers, particularly troponins, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and myoglobin, serve as vital indicators for diagnosing myocardial injury and overall heart health.
Cardiac Markers and Their Importance
Cardiac markers are fundamental in diagnosing myocardial infarction, with troponins being the most widely utilized. These proteins, released during myocardial cell injury, provide insight into cardiac health. The study noted abnormalities in troponin T levels in rats administered with Cyperus esculentus and Phoenix dactylifera, particularly an elevation to 123 pg/ml in one group, demonstrating the potential sensitivity of troponin levels in detecting cardiac stress. The correlation between troponin I, troponin T, and CK-MB offers further evidence of the biomarkers' interrelated nature and their significant role in assessing cardiac function.
Nutritional Impact of Natural Extracts
The research highlighted that the combination of the aqueous extracts led to varying effects on cardiac markers. Group 3, which received a mix of tigernut, date fruit, and soybean extracts, showcased the lowest levels of troponins and other cardiac markers, suggesting a protective effect against cardiac stress. This finding underscores the potential of natural dietary elements to enhance cardiac health, presenting a favorable alternative to standard pharmacological treatments, like the cod liver oil administered to another group.
Weight and Cardiovascular Health
The study also tracked changes in body weight among the test groups, revealing important connections between weight gain and cardiovascular health. Group 4, which received cod liver oil, showed the highest body weight increase, while Group 2, receiving the natural extracts, displayed a decrease in weight. This discrepancy suggests that the dietary composition from the various treatments influences not just cardiac health but overall physiological conditions, reinforcing the importance of balanced nutrition in maintaining cardiovascular wellness.
Conclusion
In summary, the findings suggest that the incorporation of aqueous extracts from tigernut, date fruit, and soybean can significantly bolster heart health by maintaining the integrity of cardiac markers. This study advocates for further exploration into natural supplements as viable interventions against cardiovascular diseases. The observed correlations between various cardiac markers reinforce their diagnostic significance, urging the need for heightened awareness of how dietary constituents can play a role in cardiovascular care. Overall, the study provides a promising outlook on the use of natural food sources in supporting heart health and mitigating the risks associated with cardiovascular diseases.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the objective of the study on cardiac markers?
The study aimed to determine the nutritional and physiological effects of various aqueous extracts on cardiac marker integrity in Wistar rats, examining troponin I, troponin T, CKMB, AST, and myoglobin levels.
What treatments were administered to the test groups?
Test groups received varying doses of Cyperus esculentus, Phoenix dactylifera, soybean extracts, and cod liver oil, while the control group received standard feeds and water.
What were the key findings regarding troponin levels?
Troponin T levels were significantly elevated in group 2, while group 3 showed the lowest concentrations of cardiac markers, indicating varying effects of the treatments on heart health.
How were blood samples collected for the study?
Blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture after anesthetizing the Wistar rats with ketamine, using plain and EDTA bottles for analysis.
What correlation was observed between cardiac markers?
A strong positive correlation was noted between troponin I, troponin T, and CKMB, highlighting the interconnectedness of these cardiac markers in assessing heart conditions.
What recommendations were made based on the study conclusions?
The study recommended the inclusion of nut fruit extracts in diets to help prevent cardiovascular diseases and promote heart health based on the observed improvements in cardiac markers.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Cardiac markers in Wistar rats fed extracts and cod-liver oil.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid that circulates within the body, responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells while removing waste products. In the context of this study, blood samples were collected to measure cardiac markers, offering insights into heart health and the effects of various treatments on cardiac integrity.
2) Study (Studying):
The study refers specifically to the research conducted by the authors to assess the effects of nut extracts and cod liver oil on cardiac markers in Wistar rats. This phrase emphasizes the systematic approach taken to investigate heart health and the potential benefits of these extracts.
3) Animal:
The phrase 'the animal' refers specifically to the subjects of the study, i.e., the Wistar rats. This designation underscores the research's reliance on animal models to derive insights that may be applicable to human cardiovascular health and the mechanisms by which various treatments work.
4) Table:
A table is a structured format for organizing data and highlighting relationships between variables. In this study, tables summarize findings such as the mean values of cardiac markers, aiding in the visual representation and easy comparison of the effects of different treatments on heart health.
5) Science (Scientific):
The plural term 'sciences' encompasses a broad range of academic disciplines that study various aspects of the natural world. This study represents a convergence of biological, medical, and nutritional sciences, emphasizing the interdisciplinary approach necessary for tackling complex health issues like cardiovascular disease.
6) Disease:
Diseases are pathological conditions that disrupt normal bodily functions, often leading to significant health challenges. This study specifically addresses cardiovascular diseases, illustrating the need for research into nutritional strategies to enhance heart health and mitigate the risk of such diseases.
7) Drug:
A drug is a substance used to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease. In this study, cod liver oil serves as the standard drug for comparison against natural extracts, providing a baseline to evaluate the efficacy of various dietary components in improving cardiac marker integrity.
8) Rat:
Rats, specifically Wistar rats in this study, are commonly used as model organisms in biomedical research. Their physiological similarities to humans make them valuable for studying the impact of dietary interventions on cardiac health, allowing researchers to draw insights relevant to human health outcomes.
9) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid, singular, refers to any member of the flavonoid class of compounds. Its significance in this context lies in its contribution to heart health, as these compounds may help regulate blood pressure and protect cardiovascular function through their biological effects.
10) House:
In the context of this study, 'house' refers to the animal house, a controlled environment where experimental animals are held. Maintaining a proper animal house is crucial for ensuring that research subjects are healthy and the study results are reliable and valid.
11) Life:
Life refers to the condition distinguishing living organisms from inorganic matter, encompassing a variety of biological functions. This study highlights the relevance of maintaining life through healthy physiological functioning, particularly focusing on the role of nutrition in supporting cardiovascular health.
12) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli that can lead to tissue damage and is often associated with chronic diseases. Understanding inflammation's role in cardiovascular diseases is crucial, as certain dietary components may help mitigate this response and improve heart health.
13) Performance:
Performance, in a physiological context, refers to the efficiency of biological systems in executing functions. The study evaluates how the administration of specific nut extracts can enhance cardiac performance by positively influencing cardiac markers, indicating overall heart health.
14) Surrounding:
Surrounding typically describes the environment or context in which a situation occurs. In this study, the surrounding factors influencing heart health, such as dietary factors and physiological conditions, are crucial for understanding the relationship between nutrition and cardiovascular function.
15) Measurement:
Measurement is the process of quantifying variables to assess outcomes. In this study, measurements of cardiac markers allow researchers to evaluate the effects of nut extracts on heart health quantitatively, which is essential for drawing meaningful conclusions from the data gathered.
16) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section of a study where results are interpreted and contextualized within the existing literature. In this study, the discussion of findings emphasizes the implications of the cardiac marker results vis-à-vis the efficacy of dietary interventions in promoting heart health.
17) Developing:
Developing refers to the process of creating or improving something. In this study, developing accurate and sensitive immunoassays for measuring cardiac markers represents an essential step toward better understanding heart health and advancing research in cardiovascular disease treatments.
18) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses the information and understanding gained through study and experience. This research contributes to the growing knowledge about the relationship between diet and cardiovascular health, offering insights that may lead to improved dietary recommendations for heart disease prevention.
19) Reason:
Reason refers to the justification or rationale behind actions or decisions. The reason for conducting this study stems from the need to explore innovative dietary interventions for addressing cardiovascular diseases, contributing to the broader understanding of heart health.
20) Gold (Golden):
Golden, in this context, likely refers to the brand or model of scale used for measuring the weight of the experimental animals. Precise measurement tools are essential to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data collected during the study.
21) Water:
Water is an essential component of life, necessary for maintaining various physiological processes. In the study, the role of water is relevant as it serves as a solvent for the extracts administered to the rats, facilitating absorption and the physiological effects being evaluated.
22) Sugar:
Sugar typically refers to simple carbohydrates that provide energy to living organisms. In the context of this study, sugar content in diets may impact metabolic processes, including those related to heart health, highlighting the importance of dietary composition in cardiovascular function.
23) Chun:
The term 'Chun' may refer to an author or researcher cited within the study. Such references help establish credibility and situate the research within the body of existing literature, showing how the current study builds on or differs from previous findings.
24) Road:
Road may metaphorically refer to the pathway or method used in scientific research. This study indicates a 'road map' for understanding the diagnosis and management of myocardial infarction through insights gained about cardiac markers, guided by findings from prior research.
25) Male:
The term 'male' denotes the sex of the Wistar rats used in this study, which is essential for understanding the potential differences in physiological responses. The selection of male rats helps to control variables related to sex that could affect the study's outcomes.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Cardiac markers in Wistar rats fed extracts and cod-liver oil.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Phoenix dactylifera, Experimental design, Significant difference, Aqueous extract, Standard drug, Normal control, Positive correlation, Weight measurement, Physiological role, CKMB, Cardiac puncture, Creatine kinase.