Comparative study of pharmaceutical parameters in chatushashti pippali.

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A comparative study on pharmaceutical and pharmacognostical parameters of various samples in the process of chatushashti prahari pippali preparation
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:

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Author:

Dr. Manjiri Jayprakash Walinjkar, Dr. Mandip Goyal, Dr. Harisha C. R. and Dr. V. J. Shukla


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: A comparative study on pharmaceutical and pharmacognostical parameters of various samples in the process of chatushashti prahari pippali preparation

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20231-26716

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Pippali (Piper longum Linn) is a significant herb in Ayurveda, recognized for its rejuvenating properties and efficacy in treating respiratory disorders. The preparation, known as Chatushashti Prahari Pippali (CPP), involves triturating Pippali powder with its decoction (Kwatha) over 64 Praharas, or 192 hours, to enhance its therapeutic potential. Due to adulteration and variations in production methods, obtaining authentic CPP poses a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate various samples of CPP through pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical parameters to assess their quality and develop standardized measures.

Effect of Trituration on Quality

One of the key findings of the study was the unique potency-modifying effect of the trituration process on Pippali. The researchers analyzed five samples, which included raw Pippali, market samples of CPP, and self-made mid and final products after varying trituration periods. It was observed that all four samples of CPP exhibited distinct differences compared to the raw drug, highlighting how trituration influences the physicochemical and pharmacognostical characteristics of Pippali. This emphasizes the need for adherence to the traditional preparation methods for ensuring the quality and effectiveness of Ayurvedic medicines.

Variability in Samples

The comparative analysis unveiled significant variability in the organoleptic and microscopic characteristics of the samples. Observations revealed differences in color, taste, and odor among the samples, with raw and market samples exhibiting darker shades and stronger pungent odors than the self-made versions. Microscopic evaluation further illustrated distinctions in cellular structure, including the distribution of stone cells, fibers, and oleoresin content. Such differences can indicate the quality and potential efficacy of the formulations, underscoring the importance of regular quality assessments.

Pharmacognostical and Pharmaceutical Analysis

The study meticulously documented various pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical parameters, including particle size, loss on drying, ash value, and extractive values. The self-made final product (Sample 5) showed superior results concerning particle size and extractive values, suggesting enhanced bioavailability and potency. This correlates with the breakdown of cellular walls during the prolonged trituration process, allowing the active components to be more readily accessible and effective. Such analyses affirm the utility of pharmacognostical evaluation in identifying high-quality herbal preparations.

Conclusion

In summary, the investigation concluded that the self-made final product of CPP was the most favorable among the studied samples, exhibiting enhanced characteristics that signify greater therapeutic potential. The comparative data elucidate the impact of trituration on the quality of Pippali preparations and call attention to the need for standardized protocols in the production of Ayurvedic formulations. As such, the findings can provide a reference for future clinical studies and aid in the establishment of quality control measures for CPP, ultimately ensuring better health benefits for consumers.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Chatushashti Prahari Pippali and its preparation method?

Chatushashti Prahari Pippali (CPP) is prepared by triturating Pippali Churna with Pippali Kwatha for 64 Prahara (192 hours), enhancing its potency and effectiveness against various health issues, especially those related to the respiratory system.

What was the aim of the comparative study on Pippali samples?

The study aimed to analyze five different Pippali samples through pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical evaluations to compare their quality and establish standardization parameters for Chatushashti Prahari Pippali.

How were the samples evaluated in the study?

The samples were evaluated based on organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical parameters, and microscopic analysis to assess differences in quality and effectiveness due to the trituration process.

What were the results for the self-made final product of CPP?

The self-made final product exhibited superior characteristics, including increased potency and bioavailability, due to the distillation of internal components from its structure during the trituration process.

What are the implications of the study's findings?

The findings suggest that prolonged trituration enhances the effectiveness of CPP, potentially guiding quality control measures and standardization for future clinical trials in herbal medicine.

Why is standardization important for Ayurvedic drugs like CPP?

Standardization ensures the quality, safety, and efficacy of Ayurvedic drugs, helping to authenticate original formulations, reduce adulteration, and provide consistency in therapeutic outcomes.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Comparative study of pharmaceutical parameters in chatushashti pippali.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
'Drugs' encompasses various substances used in healthcare to diagnose, treat, or prevent illness. Within Ayurveda, both herbal and mineral-based drugs are prevalent, and understanding their characteristics, preparation, and pharmacological effects is crucial for practitioners aiming to deliver effective treatment and care.

2) Pippali (Pippalin):
'Pippali' is a significant herb in Ayurvedic medicine, derived from the plant 'Piper longum.' It is known for its rejuvenating properties ('Rasayana') and is used to enhance respiratory health and digestion. Its unique pharmacological profile is critical in the preparation and efficacy of various Ayurvedic formulations.

3) Table:
In scientific literature, a 'Table' serves as a systematic and organized presentation of data, allowing for clear comparison and analysis. It aids in summarizing observational results and parameters, thus facilitating better understanding of the study's findings and enhancing the interpretation of pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical properties.

4) Water:
'Water' is a crucial solvent in herbal drug preparation, often used for extraction processes such as decoctions and infusions. Its role in Ayurvedic practices underscores its significance in substance assimilation and the bioavailability of active components in traditional formulations, impacting overall therapeutic effectiveness.

5) Pharmacognostical:
The term 'Pharmacognostical' pertains to the study of medicinal drugs derived from natural sources, including their physical, chemical, biochemical, or biological properties. This field is essential for identifying and validating the quality and authenticity of herbs and formulations within Ayurvedic medicine, particularly in standardization efforts.

6) Study (Studying):
'Study' indicates a systematic investigation aimed at discovering or validating information. In the context of pharmaceuticals, it often involves assessing therapeutic efficacy, quality control, and pharmacognostical properties of drugs to ensure safety and efficacy, thus supporting evidence-based practices in healthcare.

7) Pungent:
'Pungent' refers to a strong taste or smell, often associated with certain herbs and spices, including Pippali. In Ayurvedic pharmacology, pungent flavors are believed to stimulate digestion and metabolism, thus enhancing the therapeutic effects of medicinal formulations that utilize these potent substances.

8) Quality:
'The quality' emphasizes the importance of assessing the standards and characteristics of substances, particularly in healthcare. In pharmacological studies, ensuring that drugs meet specific quality benchmarks is vital for safety, efficacy, and ultimately the health of patients relying on these treatments.

9) Praharin (Prahari):
'Prahari' is a term in Ayurvedic medicine associated with acute, intense disorders that require timely and effective treatment. The context of 'Chatushashti Prahari Pippali' indicates a preparation that focuses on alleviating urgent health concerns, showcasing traditional medicine's adaptive responses to disease management.

10) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
'Ayurveda' is an ancient Indian system of medicine emphasizing balance, natural healing, and wellness. Its principles involve holistic patient care through diet, herbs, and lifestyle changes, utilized for preventive healthcare and disease management, thus highlighting the significance of traditional treatments in modern therapeutic practices.

11) Teaching:
'Teaching' refers to the imparting of knowledge or skills, essential in fields like healthcare to educate practitioners. In Ayurveda, the transmission of traditional knowledge and practices is crucial for ensuring that therapeutic methods are understood and applied effectively in patient care and drug preparation.

12) Prahara:
'Prahara' is a term used in Ayurveda that signifies a period of time (approximately 3 hours). It is particularly relevant in the context of processes that require meticulous timing, as in the preparation of 'Chatushashti Prahari Pippali,' which involves specific durations for optimal therapeutic efficacy.

13) Bitter:
'Bitter' relates to one of the primary taste categories and is significant in Ayurvedic pharmacology for its beneficial effects on digestion and detoxification. Many herbal preparations harness bitter principles to stimulate appetite, facilitate digestive processes, and support liver health, making it crucial for holistic healing.

14) Wall:
'Walls' refer to the cellular structures that determine the integrity and properties of herbal substances. In pharmacognosy, understanding these walls is key to optimizing extraction processes and enhancing the efficacy of the active components in herbal preparations.

15) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
'Rasayana' refers to a category of rejuvenating therapies in Ayurveda that promote health, longevity, and vitality. This concept is integral to the overall framework of Ayurvedic medicine, emphasizing not just the treatment of diseases but also the enhancement of overall well-being through natural substances.

16) Disease:
'Disease' denotes a pathological condition that disrupts normal bodily functions, often necessitating diagnostic assessment and therapeutic intervention. In Ayurvedic contexts, diseases are viewed through a holistic lens, focusing on restoring balance among body systems rather than solely addressing symptoms.

17) Police:
'Police' represents authority and regulation, playing a role in enforcing health standards and ensuring the quality of drugs available in the market. In the context of pharmacognosy, monitoring for adulteration and compliance with health regulations is crucial in maintaining trust and safety for users.

18) Powder:
'Powder' refers to the processed form of herbal substances, in this case 'Pippali Churna.' This is vital in traditional medicine preparation, as powdered forms increase the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing for more efficient dosage forms and therapeutic delivery in treatments.

19) Kapha:
'Kapha' is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing the elements of water and earth. An understanding of Kapha is essential for diagnosing and treating ailments related to it, with specific herbs and drugs utilized to balance this dosha for overall health.

20) Fever:
'Fever' indicates an elevated body temperature, typically as a response to infection. In Ayurvedic traditions, identifying the underlying dosha imbalances causing fever guides appropriate treatment, using specific herbs to help restore balance and provide symptomatic relief.

21) Vayu:
'Vayu' translates to air or wind, one of the fundamental elements in Ayurvedic medicine representing movement and circulation. Understanding Vayu's role in bodily functions is crucial in diagnosing conditions associated with its imbalance and for developing therapeutic strategies to restore health.

22) Road:
'Road' symbolizes the path of learning and development, particularly in Ayurveda, where practitioners are guided through traditional knowledge and modern techniques. The journey emphasizes the importance of continuous education in achieving mastery in herbal medicine and patient care.

23) Dish (Dis):
'Dish' in this context refers to a prepared aspect of food that may indicate culinary practices related to Ayurvedic principles. The understanding of food preparation and its effects on health is paramount in Ayurveda, linking diet with lifestyle for overall wellness.

24) Piper longum:
'Piper longum' is the scientific name for Pippali, highlighting its significance in Ayurvedic medicine as a medicinal herb. Its therapeutic properties are key in formulating traditional remedies, underscoring the relationship between plant-based substances and health benefits in natural treatments.

25) Human life:
'Human life' underscores the ultimate goal of healthcare and medicine, which is to enhance the quality and longevity of lives. In Ayurveda, understanding the dynamics of health and disease informs practices that aim to promote overall well-being and harmony within individuals.

26) Tastelessness:
'Tastelessness' signifies a lack of flavor, often associated with digestive ailments in Ayurveda. Understanding the impact of taste on health informs treatment strategies, revealing how enhancing flavor can stimulate appetite and improve digestive function in herbal preparations.

27) Observation:
'Observation' emphasizes the importance of careful scrutiny and analysis in research. Observations play a vital role in assessing the characteristics and effects of herbal preparations, ensuring that the conclusions drawn are based on solid empirical evidence.

28) Kaphadosha (Kaphadosa, Kapha-dosha):
'Kapha-dosha' refers to the imbalance of the Kapha dosha which can lead to various health issues. An understanding of Kapha-dosha is essential in Ayurvedic practices, guiding diagnosis and treatment to restore balance through specific dietary and herbal interventions.

29) Agnimandya (Agni-mandya, Agnimamdya):
'Agnimandya' refers to diminished digestive fire, a common condition in Ayurveda that affects overall health. Recognizing and treating Agnimandya with appropriate herbal remedies is vital in restoring digestive equilibrium and promoting better nutrient absorption and vitality.

30) Discussion:
'Discussion' is a critical part of scientific studies where findings are analyzed and interpreted in the context of existing knowledge. It enables researchers to explore implications, limitations, and future directions, enriching the overall understanding and informing further research in the field.

31) Substance:
'Substance' denotes a specific form of matter, particularly in therapeutic contexts. In Ayurveda, understanding the unique characteristics and benefits of various substances is crucial for formulating effective remedies and achieving optimal patient outcomes.

32) Amlapitta (Amla-pitta):
'Amlapitta' indicates a condition of hyperacidity in Ayurveda, requiring specific dietary and herbal strategies for management. Recognizing Amlapitta is essential in Ayurvedic practice to restore balance and promote digestive health through carefully chosen remedies.

33) Bhavana (Bha-vana):
'Bhavana' refers to methods of enhancing the potency of herbal drugs, such as trituration with liquids. This technique is essential in Ayurvedic medicine for improving the bioavailability of active compounds in remedies, thereby increasing their therapeutic effectiveness.

34) Kaphaja:
'Kaphaja' signifies health conditions stemming from an imbalance in Kapha dosha, indicating the relevance of this concept in Ayurveda. Treatment strategies for Kaphaja conditions emphasize restoring balance through herbs, diet, and holistic lifestyle approaches.

35) Sparsha (Sparsa):
'Sparsha' refers to the sense of touch, emphasizing its relevance in assessing the quality of herbal substances. Sensory characteristics, including texture and consistency, play a critical role in evaluating the quality of herbal products and their suitability for therapeutic use.

36) Harisha (Harisa):
'Harisha' is a personal name tied to one of the authors. In scientific literature, authors play a critical role in contributing knowledge and driving research forward, enhancing the history and credibility of a study's findings in the field of pharmacognosy.

37) Species:
'Species' denotes specific biological classifications and is vital in pharmacognostical studies. Understanding the unique characteristics of different plant species helps in identifying which are most effective for medicinal use and ensuring precise formulation in Ayurvedic treatments.

38) Shukla (Sukla):
'Shukla' refers to one of the authors involved in the study, highlighting the contributions of individual researchers in advancing Ayurvedic knowledge and ensuring thorough investigation and validation of traditional medicinal practices within scientific frameworks.

39) Gandha (Gamdha):
'Gandha' refers to the aroma or smell of a substance, relevant in assessing the quality of herbal drugs. The sensory characteristics of a drug can inform practitioners about its potency and therapeutic potential, emphasizing the holistic nature of Ayurvedic medicine.

40) Srotas (Shrotas):
'Srotas' are the channels in the body through which substances or energies flow. In Ayurveda, understanding the nature of Srotas is central to diagnosing disease mechanisms and therapeutically addressing imbalances to restore health and harmony in patients.

41) Phanta (Phamta):
'Phanta' refers to decoctions used in traditional medicine, playing a crucial role in the extraction of active ingredients from herbs. This preparation method is essential in Ayurvedic practices to ensure the bioavailability of therapeutic components for effective treatment.

42) Aruci:
'Aruchi' signifies tastelessness, often indicating digestive issues in Ayurveda. Addressing Aruchi is important in treatments, as restoring taste can stimulate appetite and improve overall health through specific dietary modifications and herbal supplements.

43) Dosha (Dosa):
'Dosha' denotes the fundamental bodily energies in Ayurveda (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) that govern physiological functions. Understanding doshas is critical for diagnosis and treatment, as imbalances can lead to health issues, guiding appropriate interventions through diet and herbal remedies.

44) India:
'India' is significant as the birthplace of Ayurveda, an ancient system of medicine that integrates holistic principles. The cultural and historical context of India emphasizes the deep-rooted traditions of natural healing, influencing global approaches to health and wellness.

45) Money:
'Money' symbolizes the economic aspects of healthcare, including the costs associated with drug preparation and procurement. Understanding the financial implications of traditional and modern medicinal practices informs accessibility and sustainability in providing quality healthcare.

46) Rasa (Rasha):
'Rasa' represents taste in Ayurveda, playing a vital role in dietary practices and herbal formulations. Each taste has distinct effects on the body, influencing digestion, metabolism, and overall health, making it an essential concept in treatment strategies.

47) Rupa:
'Rupa' refers to appearance or visual quality, which is important in the assessment of herbal drugs. A substance's physical characteristics can indicate its quality and efficacy, influencing selection and preparation in Ayurvedic medicine.

48) Vata:
'Vata' signifies the energy of movement and change in the body, one of the three doshas in Ayurveda. Balancing Vata is critical for maintaining health, with specific dietary and lifestyle choices tailored to individual needs based on Vata characteristics.

49) Kasa (Kasha):
'Kasa' indicates cough, a symptom addressed in Ayurvedic medicine. Understanding the underlying imbalances contributing to Kasa is vital for appropriate treatments, emphasizing the use of specific herbs and formulations designed to relieve respiratory conditions effectively.

50) Fire:
'Fire' signifies the digestive process within the body, symbolized by 'Agni' in Ayurveda. A balanced fire is crucial for health, as it influences metabolism and nutrient absorption, underscoring the importance of maintaining digestive strength in wellness practices.

51) Pain:
'Pain' denotes a physical symptom that signals an underlying condition requiring intervention. In Ayurveda, understanding the type and source of pain aids in appropriate treatment selection, employing specific herbal remedies to alleviate discomfort and restore balance.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Comparative study of pharmaceutical parameters in chatushashti pippali.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia, Comparative analysis, Stone cell, Clinical study, Loss on drying, Quality control measures, Organoleptic characteristics, Pharmacognostical evaluation, Total ash, Particle size, Pranavaha Srotasa, Pharmacognosy, Chatushashti Prahari Pippali, Pippali churna, Raw drug, Water soluble extractive, Market sample, Alcohol-soluble extractive, Rasayana drug, Pharmacognostical parameters, Microscopic Analysis, PH level, Pharmaceutical parameters, Pharmacopoeial standard, Pippali Kwatha, Self-made final product, Self-made mid product, Standardization of parameters, Adulteration of raw drugs.

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