Anti-inflammatory effects of Aglaia elaegnoidea extracts.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and stem bark of aglaia elaegnoidea
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Kavitha K. V., Dr. Rakesh Kumar Jatt and Dr. Sambath Kumar S.
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and stem bark of aglaia elaegnoidea
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20232-26906
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of Aglaia elaeagnoidea, a plant used in traditional medicine, particularly from its leaves and stem bark. Inflammation serves as a bodily defense mechanism against injury or infection, characterized by the release of various inflammatory mediators that lead to symptoms such as redness, swelling, and pain. The research aims to provide scientific backing for the anti-inflammatory effects of this indigenous plant and highlights a growing interest in herbal remedies as safer alternatives to synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs, which can have adverse side effects.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity Evaluation
The researchers employed the protein denaturation method to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of Aglaia elaeagnoidea. This method examines how the extracts can prevent the structural alteration of proteins, a process associated with inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. The ethanolic extracts from both the leaves and stem bark of the plant demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on protein denaturation across a range of concentrations (50 to 1600 µg/ml). The study found that the leaf extract exhibited a greater capacity to reduce inflammation compared to the bark extract, suggesting varying efficacy based on the part of the plant utilized.
Phytochemical Composition and Its Implications
Various phytochemical analyses revealed that the ethanolic extracts contained several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols. These compounds are believed to be responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory activity. The phytochemistry of Aglaia elaeagnoidea supports its traditional usage and indicates that these secondary metabolites could significantly contribute to health benefits, particularly in reducing inflammation. The presence of these compounds reinforces the plant's medicinal potential and highlights the importance of phytochemicals in developing natural therapies.
Comparison with Conventional Drugs
The efficacy of Aglaia elaeagnoidea's extracts was compared to diclofenac sodium, a conventional anti-inflammatory drug. The results showed comparable, if not superior, activity in terms of reducing inflammation, as indicated by the inhibition of protein denaturation. The extracted leaf demonstrated an impressive ability to inhibit denaturation, comparable to that of the standard drug at higher concentrations. This finding positions Aglaia elaeagnoidea as a promising natural alternative for anti-inflammatory treatment, potentially offering similar benefits with fewer side effects than synthetic options.
Conclusion
The research supports the potential of Aglaia elaeagnoidea as an effective anti-inflammatory agent due to its rich content of phytochemicals. The ability of its ethanolic extract to inhibit protein denaturation indicates significant anti-inflammatory properties, especially from the leaves compared to the bark. These findings not only validate traditional uses of the plant but also highlight the need for further investigations into its phytochemical profile and therapeutic possibilities. Overall, Aglaia elaeagnoidea stands out as a valuable resource in the search for natural remedies for inflammation-related conditions.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the primary focus of the study on Aglaia elaeagnoidea?
The study aimed to investigate the in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts from the leaves and stem bark of Aglaia elaeagnoidea, a plant used in traditional medicine.
What method was used to assess anti-inflammatory activity?
The protein denaturation method was employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extracts, linking it to inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis.
How did the leaf and bark extracts perform in the study?
Both extracts showed significant dose-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, with leaf extract demonstrating greater anti-inflammatory potential than bark extract.
What phytochemical components are present in Aglaia elaeagnoidea?
The ethanolic extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, and saponins, contributing to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
What were the comparative results of the extracts against standard drugs?
The ethanolic leaf extract and bark extract exhibited comparable anti-inflammatory effects to the standard drug, diclofenac sodium, at various concentrations.
What is the significance of this research on traditional medicine?
This research supports the traditional use of Aglaia elaeagnoidea as a medicinal plant, highlighting its potential for developing safer anti-inflammatory therapies.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Anti-inflammatory effects of Aglaia elaegnoidea extracts.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
Activity refers to the function or effect of a substance, particularly in the context of biological effects. In pharmacology, it often indicates the effectiveness of a drug or extract in producing a desired response, such as alleviating inflammation. The study highlights the anti-inflammatory activity of Aglaia elaeagnoidea's extracts.
2) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens or injuries. It's characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function. The study examines how extracts can mitigate inflammation, thus offering a potential treatment method for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
3) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a specific class of phytochemicals known for their beneficial health effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The presence and concentration of flavonoids in Aglaia elaeagnoidea are crucial to the research's findings, as they may be a primary reason for the plant's therapeutic efficacy.
4) Drug:
A drug is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose diseases. In this context, the study compares the extracts of Aglaia elaeagnoidea with the standard anti-inflammatory drug, Diclofenac sodium, emphasizing the search for less toxic and effective alternatives derived from natural sources.
5) India:
India is a country rich in biodiversity and traditional medicine practices. The study focuses on Aglaia elaeagnoidea, a plant native to India. The research aims to provide scientific validation for traditional uses of the plant in providing anti-inflammatory relief within Indian herbal medicine.
6) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds in plants, responsible for various biological activities. This term is pivotal in the study, as the focus is on identifying and analyzing phytochemicals in Aglaia elaeagnoidea that contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects, linking traditional knowledge with scientific validation.
7) Substance:
The substance refers to specific materials or compounds with defined physical properties. In the study, it highlights particular phytochemicals present in Aglaia elaeagnoidea that display anti-inflammatory effects, pinpointing the elements responsible for its therapeutic actions in traditional medicine.
8) Medicine:
Medicines refer to substances used to treat or prevent illnesses. In the research, the term encapsulates the broader discourse on using plants like Aglaia elaeagnoidea as natural healing agents, promoting the exploration of herbal medicines to discover alternatives to synthetic drugs for treating inflammation.
9) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan is a state in India known for its rich cultural heritage and biodiversity. The study references this region to establish the geographical context for the plant Aglaia elaeagnoidea, emphasizing local traditional knowledge about its uses and supporting research on indigenous plant species.
10) Study (Studying):
The study refers to the systematic investigation into the anti-inflammatory properties of Aglaia elaeagnoidea. It outlines the methodology, results, and implications of the research, underscoring the importance of scientifically validating traditional uses and exploring natural alternatives in pharmacology.
11) Shri (Sr, Sri):
Shri is an honorific prefix used in the Indian context, denoting respect or reverence. In the study, it precedes the names of institutions, like Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, emphasizing the academic and cultural significance of the research conducted within recognized institutions.
12) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamilnadu is another spelling for Tamil Nadu, signifying the same state in India. It serves to emphasize the geographical and cultural context of the study involving Aglaia elaeagnoidea, thus linking traditional medical practices with modern research methodologies based in this culturally rich region.
13) Science (Scientific):
Scientific refers to knowledge derived through the scientific method, emphasizing objectivity and rigor. The term is essential in the research, drawing a connection between traditional uses of Aglaia elaeagnoidea and contemporary scientific validation of its anti-inflammatory properties, enriching its credibility in the field of herbal medicine.
14) Swelling:
Swelling is an inflammatory response characterized by increased tissue volume due to fluid accumulation. The study's focus on the anti-inflammatory properties of Aglaia elaeagnoidea directly relates to its potential to reduce swelling associated with conditions like arthritis, highlighting its therapeutic significance.
15) Disease:
Disease denotes any condition that adversely affects physical or mental health. In the context of the study, it emphasizes inflammation and related conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, highlighting the relevance of finding effective, natural remedies through research on Aglaia elaeagnoidea.
16) Family:
Family, in a biological context, groups together related species based on shared characteristics. In this study, the plant Aglaia elaeagnoidea belongs to the Meliaceae family, indicating its evolutionary relationships and guiding research on other plants within the same family for potential therapeutic properties.
17) Powder:
Powder refers to a solid substance made up of fine particles, often created through grinding. In the study, plant materials are processed into powder for extraction, emphasizing the importance of preparation methods in maximizing the extraction of beneficial compounds for evaluating medicinal properties.
18) Kumar:
Kumar is a common surname in India, often indicating a male individual. In the study, it refers to one of the authors, Dr. Rakesh Kumar Jatt, contributing his expertise, which enriches the research with diverse perspectives and knowledge crucial for the investigation of Aglaia elaeagnoidea.
19) Tamil:
Tamil is both a language and an ethnic identity of a group in Southern India, particularly Tamil Nadu. Its mention contextualizes the cultural significance of the plant Aglaia elaeagnoidea within Tamil medicinal practices, linking traditional uses with scientific research in a localized framework.
20) Nadu:
Nadu is a term meaning 'land' or 'country' in certain Indian languages. In this context, it forms part of 'Tamil Nadu,' indicating the specific geographical identity of the state, which is crucial for understanding the regional traditional medicine practices related to Aglaia elaeagnoidea.
21) Tree:
The tree refers to Aglaia elaeagnoidea, the focal species of research. This tree is significant for its traditional uses in medicine and its potential as a source of anti-inflammatory compounds, emphasizing the relevance of studying indigenous flora in the quest for natural remedies.
22) Rich (Rch):
Rich denotes a high concentration of a particular substance or quality. It is used in the study to describe the abundant presence of phytochemicals in the extracts of Aglaia elaeagnoidea, hinting at their potential efficacy in anti-inflammatory applications and the therapeutic benefits of the plant.
23) Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting joints, causing pain and disability. The study's focus on Aglaia elaeagnoidea includes its potential use as a natural treatment for this condition, thus contributing to a broader conversation around alternative therapies for managing chronic inflammation.
24) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to the study of drugs and their effects on biological systems. This term is prominent in the research, indicating the investigation into the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of Aglaia elaeagnoidea extracts, contributing to the understanding of their medicinal properties and therapeutic applications.
25) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation refers to the gradual gathering or concentration of substances. In the context of the study, it may pertain to the accumulation of inflammatory mediators during inflammatory responses, highlighting the significance of using Aglaia elaeagnoidea extracts to mitigate this process and alleviate related symptoms.
26) Tirunelveli:
Tirunelveli is a district in the Tamil Nadu state of India where the plant Aglaia elaeagnoidea was collected. This geographical context is essential to the study as it highlights the local environmental conditions that influence the plant's phytochemical composition and traditional uses.
27) Discussion:
Discussion engages with the interpretation of results and their implications. In this study, the discussion section is integral for analyzing findings related to the anti-inflammatory effects of Aglaia elaeagnoidea, contextualizing them within existing literature and suggesting future research directions.
28) Developing:
Developing refers to the progress or growth in a particular field. In this context, it pertains to developing new drugs from natural sources like Aglaia elaeagnoidea as alternatives to synthetic medications, addressing the global need for safer and more effective treatments for inflammatory conditions.
29) Toxicity:
Toxicity indicates the degree to which a substance can harm living organisms. This term is significant in the study as it contrasts Aglaia elaeagnoidea's potential therapeutic benefits against the toxicity associated with synthetic drugs, advocating for natural alternatives that mitigate adverse effects.
30) Village:
Village refers to a small community in a rural area. The mention of villages in relation to Aglaia elaeagnoidea emphasizes the grassroots knowledge and traditional medicinal practices stemming from local communities within Tamil Nadu, reinforcing the importance of integrating local wisdom with scientific research.
31) Species:
Species is a fundamental unit of biological classification, denoting a group of organisms capable of interbreeding. In this study, the specific species, Aglaia elaeagnoidea, represents a focus for understanding its unique properties and potential medicinal applications alongside other related plants in the Meliaceae family.
32) Reason:
Reason indicates the explanation or justification for a particular phenomenon. In the study, it pertains to exploring the underlying mechanisms by which Aglaia elaeagnoidea exerts its anti-inflammatory effects, providing insights that may guide future pharmacological research.
33) Water:
Water is an essential solvent in many biological processes and is vital for the extraction of phytochemicals from plant materials. In this study, it is likely used in various experimental procedures, highlighting the importance of solubility in assessing bioactive compounds from Aglaia elaeagnoidea.
34) Sugar:
Sugar refers to simple carbohydrates that serve as energy sources for organisms. In the study, its mention could relate to the phytochemical analysis of Aglaia elaeagnoidea, as natural sugars may influence the overall therapeutic properties of plant extracts and contribute to their biological activities.
35) Edema (Oedema):
Edema refers to swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in tissues, commonly associated with inflammation. The study investigates how Aglaia elaeagnoidea extracts might alleviate edema, thereby contributing to its potential use as a natural remedy for inflammatory responses in various health conditions.
36) Table:
Table refers to a systematic arrangement of data for easy reference. In the study, tables present results, such as the percentage inhibition of protein denaturation, serving to clearly communicate findings and support conclusions drawn regarding the efficacy of Aglaia elaeagnoidea extracts.
37) Sign:
Sign indicates an indication or evidence of specific phenomena. In the study, signs relate to the biological markers of inflammation, reflecting how the efficacy of Aglaia elaeagnoidea can be measured and validated through observable effects in anti-inflammatory activity.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Anti-inflammatory effects of Aglaia elaegnoidea extracts.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Flavonoid, Medicinal herb, Traditional medicine, Acute inflammation, Anti-inflammatory activity, Phytochemical analysis, In vitro study, In vitro, Therapeutic Activity, Secondary metabolite, Ethanolic extract, Cytokines, Standard drug, Diclofenac sodium, Protein denaturation, Ethyl Acetate, Negative side effects, Vascular permeability, Concentration dependent, Extractive yield, Tissue edema.