Herbo-mineral drugs for Kaphaj Unmaad: A case study.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Herbo-mineral drugs for Kaphaj Unmaad: A case study.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Depression:
Depression, specifically Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), is a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest, and various cognitive and physical symptoms. This case study compares MDD with the Ayurvedic concept of 'Kaphaj Unmaad', addressing the impact of chronic depression on quality of life and treatment options available.

2) Varanasi (Varanashi):
Varanasi is a city in India known for its historical and cultural significance, particularly in the field of Ayurvedic medicine. It serves as a notable place for educational and traditional practices, where many Ayurvedic texts, including 'Samhitas', are produced and studied, influencing treatments such as those discussed in this case.

3) Mud:
Mood refers to a temporary state of mind or feeling. In the context of depression, disturbances in mood are a primary characteristic, affecting emotional well-being. The study highlights how depressive moods can lead to significant impairment in social, personal, and occupational functioning, necessitating effective therapeutic interventions.

4) Samhita:
Samhitas are foundational texts of Ayurveda that document extensive knowledge of herbs, treatments, and medical practices. Their relevance in this case study emphasizes how traditional Ayurvedic references guide treatment protocols for mental disorders like MDD, integrating ancient wisdom into modern healthcare.

5) Ashvagandha (Asvagandha, Ashwagandha, Ashvagamdha, Ashva-gandha):
Ashvagandha, commonly interchangeably with Ashwagandha, is regarded in Ayurveda for its adaptogenic qualities, promoting resilience against stress. Its prominence in the treatment of MDD illustrates the adaptability of Ayurveda to provide therapeutic options that cater to mental health challenges.

6) Agnivesha (Agni-vesha, Agnivesa):
Agnivesha is an ancient Ayurvedic scholar known for authoring the 'Charak Samhita', one of the foundational texts in Ayurveda. His work continues to influence current Ayurvedic practices, particularly in classifications of diseases and treatment strategies, as seen in the case study of treating MDD with herbal formulations.

7) Sthana:
Sthana in Ayurveda refers to a specific location or place within the body where a disease manifests. Understanding the 'Sthana' can aid practitioners in diagnosis and treatment. The study's treatment of MDD may reflect the Ayurvedic understanding of mental disturbances through psychophysiological locations.

8) Table:
The term 'Table' here refers to structured presentations of data or information in the study, used for organizing patient history, treatment methods, and assessment results. Such tables provide clarity and ease of analysis for both practitioners and researchers in understanding the case outcomes and methodologies employed.

9) Brahmi:
Brahmi is a revered Ayurvedic herb known for its cognitive-enhancing properties. In the context of treating MDD, it is employed to support mental function, improve memory, and reduce anxiety levels, making it a crucial component in the therapeutic regimen outlined in the case study.

10) Ushna (Usna):
Ushna, translating to 'warm' or 'hot', describes a quality of substances in Ayurveda. In the context of this study, 'Ushna Udaka' (warm water) is used as a vehicle for administering medicines, emphasizing the importance of temperature and qualities in the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatments for mental health.

11) Vati:
Vati refers to Ayurvedic tablets or pills that are prepared using herbal powders. They provide a concentrated form of medicine, making administration easy and effective. In this study, several 'vati' preparations are used to address depressive symptoms through their therapeutic benefits.

12) Drug:
Drugs, in an Ayurvedic context, refer to the diverse range of herbs and compounds utilized for therapeutic purposes. The study underscores the role of various Ayurvedic 'Drugs' in combating conditions like MDD, reflecting the comprehensive nature of traditional healing methods.

13) New Delhi:
New Delhi, the capital city of India, is significant as a medical and educational hub where this case study took place. The presence of various Ayurvedic institutions in New Delhi allows for better access to traditional treatments and collaboration among practitioners focused on mental health issues.

14) Ushnodaka (Usnodaka, Ushna-udaka):
Ushna-udaka means warm water in Ayurveda, often used as a medium for taking medicines to improve absorption and efficacy. In this study, 'Ushna-udaka' is prescribed alongside medications for MDD, highlighting the emphasis on combining physical principles with mental health treatments.

15) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Nighantu refers to a lexicon or glossary of medicinal plants and their properties in Ayurveda. This study supports the use of traditional herbal references from 'Nighantus' for substantiating the selection of treatments for conditions like MDD, aiding practitioners in their medicinal choices.

16) Snehana:
Snehana is a therapeutic process involving oleation, often with medicated oils or ghee, to promote relaxation and detoxification. In the context of treating MDD, 'Snehana' is used as part of the Panchakarma treatment strategy, which enhances the body's ability to cope with psychological stress.

17) Anxiety:
Anxiety refers to feelings of worry or fear that can accompany depression. This study acknowledges the interconnectedness of depressive symptoms and anxiety in patients, underscoring the importance of holistic treatment approaches that target both aspects of mental health disorders.

18) Udaka:
Udaka means water in Ayurveda, which is considered essential for various therapies, including those related to digestion and detoxification. This study emphasizes the significance of proper hydration in supporting treatments for MDD, highlighting the holistic nature of Ayurvedic practices.

19) Karma (Karman):
Karma in Ayurveda refers to actions or treatments directed towards healing. In the case study, various therapeutic 'Karma' such as 'Virechana' and 'Shamana Chikitsa' are utilized to treat MDD, illustrating the practical application of Ayurvedic principles in mental health management.

20) Delhi:
Delhi, as a metropolitan city, represents a convergence of traditional and modern healthcare systems. It is here that the case study unfolds, signifying the importance of urban settings in facilitating access to integrated healthcare solutions for mental health issues like MDD.

21) Study (Studying):
The study presents a detailed account of a case involving MDD and Ayurvedic treatment modalities. It aims to contribute to the growing literature on integrative medicine, encouraging further exploration of traditional approaches in addressing contemporary health concerns, especially in mental health.

22) Aushadha (Ausadha):
Aushadha translates to medicine or herbal remedy in Ayurveda. This case study relies on a variety of 'Aushadha' to treat depressive symptoms, signifying their role as foundational components in the Ayurvedic treatment framework for mental health disorders.

23) Madhura:
Madhura is a taste characterized as sweet in Ayurveda. Many medicinal formulations include 'Madhura' substances, which are used to balance doshas and enhance the palatability of treatments. The inclusion of 'Madhura' ingredients in this study reflects traditional practices aimed at improving patient adherence.

24) Svedana:
Svedana refers to sweating therapies in Ayurveda, used to promote detoxification and alleviate various ailments. The case study demonstrates its application in managing MDD, emphasizing the holistic approach of Ayurveda in treating both physical and mental health conditions.

25) Samana (Shamana):
Shamana represents the concept of pacification or soothing treatment in Ayurveda. The study details 'Shamana' aushadha, which are herbal formulations aimed at alleviating the symptoms of MDD, indicating the preference for gentle and restorative measures in integrative mental health care.

26) Disease:
Disease in this context pertains to the pathological state of MDD. The study highlights how such a condition affects not just mental but also emotional and physical health, calling for a comprehensive approach to treatment as outlined in traditional Ayurvedic practice.

27) Avara:
Avara denotes inferior or low quality in Ayurveda. In the context of the subject's case, 'Avara' assessments inform practitioners about the patient's constitution and responses to treatments, crucial for tailoring individualized approaches in managing MDD and other health concerns.

28) Virya:
Virya refers to the potency or efficacy of a substance in Ayurveda. Understanding the 'Virya' of herbs used in the study helps practitioners gauge their influence on bodily processes, especially in the context of treating mental disorders like MDD.

29) Varga:
Varga refers to a category or grouping in Ayurveda, often used to classify herbs or conditions. The study may reference different 'Varga' to elaborate on treatment methodologies, providing insights into how Ayurvedic practitioners approach various imbalances or diseases.

30) Dabar:
Dabar, in the context of this study, may refer to the location or setting for the Ayurvedic treatment facility. The presence of specific institutions like CBPACS in Khera Dabar emphasizes the role of specialized centers in delivering traditional healthcare to urban populations.

31) Khera:
Khera may denote the local area where the Ayurvedic clinic is situated, highlighting its role in community health. Accessibility to traditional treatments in local settings like Khera contributes significantly to the continuity of care for patients with mental health disorders.

32) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa in Ayurveda signifies the essence or taste of herbs and drugs, that dictates their therapeutic action. Recognizing the 'Rasa' of medicines used in the study aids practitioners in selecting appropriate herbal remedies for managing MDD based on their effects on different doshas.

33) Bala:
Bala translates to strength or potency in Ayurveda. It reflects the benefits or therapeutic strength of medicines used in treating conditions like MDD. The incorporation of 'Bala' indicators underscores the importance of assessing the overall vitality of patients during treatment.

34) Vata:
Vata, one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, represents air and space elements. Imbalances in 'Vata' can contribute to mental health issues, making it crucial to address during treatment for MDD. The study points towards the interconnectedness of doshas and psychiatric conditions.

35) Life:
Life encompasses the overall quality and existence of individuals as influenced by mental health. The study illustrates how MDD detrimentally affects the quality of life, necessitating effective treatment plans that address both mental and physical dimensions of well-being.

36) Mental disorder:
Mental disorder refers to specific diagnoses such as MDD that disrupt an individual's thought processes, emotions, or behavior. The complexities of mental disorders necessitate comprehensive treatment plans, as illustrated in the study's exploration of Ayurvedic therapies for managing such conditions.

37) Sutrasthana (Sutra-sthana):
Sutra-sthana refers to a section in the 'Charak Samhita' that outlines anatomical and physiological principles in Ayurveda. This foundational text influences the understanding of conditions and treatments, guiding practitioners in addressing issues like MDD through a holistic lens.

38) Yashtimadhu (Yastimadhu, Yashti-madhu):
Yashtimadhu, also known as Glycyrrhiza glabra, is a medicinal herb celebrated for its soothing properties. In the context of this case study, Yashtimadhu is indicated as part of the treatment strategy for MDD, reflecting its traditionally acknowledged role in enhancing mental health.

39) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is a branch of Ayurveda focused on the properties and actions of medicinal substances (drugs). The study emphasizes Dravyaguna principles to validate the use of specific herbs and formulations for treating MDD, illustrating the integration of pharmacological knowledge in traditional practices.

40) Substance:
Substance refers to any medicinal ingredient or compound used in treatment. In Ayurveda, the use of various substances is critical for managing health conditions like MDD, underscoring the diverse pharmacopeia available within traditional medicine systems to address complex disorders.

41) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine originating from India, emphasizing holistic healing through natural means. The case study integrates Ayurvedic principles to explore treatment options for MDD, advocating for an approach that harmonizes body, mind, and spirit in promoting mental wellness.

42) Madhyama:
Madhyama indicates a moderate or middle quality assessment in Ayurveda. This is significant in determining treatment approaches tailored to patients’ needs, as seen in the study that discusses treatments for MDD where individual assessments can help guide effective management strategies.

43) Pariksha (Pariksa):
Pariksha signifies examination or assessment in Ayurveda. This critical step is essential for understanding a patient’s condition before devising a treatment plan, ensuring that interventions for MDD are based on thorough evaluations of physical and mental health.

44) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
Rasayana refers to rejuvenative therapies in Ayurveda aimed at promoting health and longevity. Incorporating Rasayana herbs and practices in the treatment of MDD reflects Ayurveda's holistic perspective, aiming to restore balance and enhance vitality in patients struggling with mental health issues.

45) Marriage:
Marriage is a significant social institution that can influence an individual's mental health. In this case study, the subject reported marital issues correlating with her MDD symptoms, thus emphasizing the interrelation between personal relationships and psychological well-being.

46) Kaphaja:
Kaphaja refers to the aspect of conditions associated with the Kapha dosha in Ayurveda. In the context of this study, MDD is related to 'Kaphaja Unmaad,' reflecting how Ayurvedic diagnoses correlate with mental disorders, guiding treatment choices based on dosha imbalances.

47) Visada (Vishada, Visha-da):
Vishada is an Ayurvedic term denoting a state of despair or depression. It is often considered in the assessment and treatment of mental disorders, akin to MDD. This study refers to Vishada to demonstrate traditional understanding and classification of depressive conditions in Ayurveda.

48) Quality:
Quality pertains to the effectiveness and outcomes of treatments in enhancing patient well-being. The study aims to improve the quality of life for individuals suffering from MDD through targeted Ayurvedic interventions, emphasizing holistic health over merely symptomatic relief.

49) Vikara:
Vikara translates to disorder or disease in Ayurveda. The study’s focus on MDD as a 'Vikara' emphasizes the necessity for targeted treatments that address the specific symptoms and root causes associated with mental health disorders, crucial for effective therapeutic outcomes.

50) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma refers to ash or calcined substances used in Ayurvedic medicine for their therapeutic properties. In the discussed treatments, the incorporation of 'Bhasma' enhances the efficacy of medicines for mental disorders, showcasing the role of alchemical processes in Ayurveda.

51) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita, or clarified butter, is used in Ayurvedic treatments for its nourishing and detoxifying properties. Its incorporation in the treatment regimen signifies the importance of balancing 'doshas' and nourishing the body in managing conditions like MDD.

52) Shakti (Sakti):
Shakti denotes strength or energy in Ayurveda. Understanding a patient's 'Shakti' helps practitioners gauge overall health and vitality, influencing treatment plans in the context of MDD and ensuring interventions are appropriately intensified or adjusted based on individual needs.

53) Unmada:
Unmada broadly refers to a state of madness or mental derangement in Ayurveda. The study compares MDD to 'Kaphaj Unmada,' indicating a traditional classification of mental disorders that guides the selection of treatment modalities tailored to restore mental balance.

54) Vipaka:
Vipaka refers to the post-digestive effects or transformations of food and medicines in Ayurveda, highlighting their long-term influence on the body. Understanding 'Vipaka' contributes to the effectiveness of dietary and medicinal strategies employed in treating MDD and other health conditions.

55) Sharman (Sarma, Sarman, Sharma):
Sarma may refer to a concept or individual in the Ayurvedic context, contributing to the understanding of treatments. Including such references signifies the continuity of traditional wisdom where contributions enhance the overall discourse on health practices.

56) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three foundational energies (doshas) in Ayurveda, associated with water and earth qualities. The relevance of 'Kapha' hinges on its link to physical and emotional stability; imbalances can lead to conditions like MDD, prompting targeted treatments to restore equilibrium.

57) Sutra:
Sutra translates to thread or aphorism, representing foundational principles in Ayurveda. Each 'Sutra' articulates key insights into health practices, guiding practitioners in diagnosing and treating conditions like MDD based on ancient knowledge and wisdom embedded in Ayurvedic literature.

58) India:
India is the birthplace of Ayurveda, with a rich tradition of herbal medicine and holistic health practices. The country's vast cultural and historical backdrop continues to shape the understanding and application of Ayurveda in treating modern health challenges like depression.

59) Kumar:
Kumar may refer to a title or a common last name in India, often used respectfully. In the study, it identifies the author, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Tiwari, contributing expertise in 'Kayachikitsa,' crucial for framing the presentation and understanding of Ayurvedic treatments for MDD.

60) Vaca:
Vacha, also known as Acorus calamus, is an Ayurvedic herb known for its beneficial effects on cognition and mental clarity. Its inclusion as part of the treatment for MDD highlights the belief in herbal remedies to enhance neuropsychological health in traditional practices.

61) Guna:
Guna represents the inherent qualities or attributes of substances as defined in Ayurvedic philosophy. Understanding the 'Guna' of herbs and treatments enables practitioners to tailor therapies for conditions like MDD, ensuring they align with the unique characteristics required for effective management.

62) Post:
Post usually refers to a time period after an event or treatment. In this study, the assessment following treatment demonstrates the changes in a patient's condition due to Ayurvedic interventions for MDD, validating the efficacy of the applied methodologies.

63) Withania somnifera:
Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, is an important adaptogenic herb in Ayurveda used for stress and mood regulation. Its inclusion in the treatment protocol for MDD in this study exemplifies the focus on natural remedies to support mental health.

64) Shamanacikitsa (Samanacikitsa, Shamana-cikitsa):
Shamana-chikitsa refers to palliative treatment strategies in Ayurveda that soothe and stabilize a patient's condition. This approach is crucial in managing MDD, demonstrating the application of Ayurvedic principles that focus on enhancing the overall experience of wellness rather than merely alleviating symptoms.

65) Dhanvantarinighantu (Dhanvantari-nighantu):
Dhanvantarinighantu parallels the same contributions as the Dhanvantari-nighantu, encompassing extensive knowledge on medicinal properties. This understanding aids Ayurvedic practitioners in their clinical decisions, emphasizing the importance of standardized references during treatments for mental health conditions.

66) Hypochondriasis:
Hypochondriasis involves excessive concern about having a serious illness despite having little to no somatic symptoms. In relation to MDD, addressing hypochondriacal tendencies can be pivotal in providing holistic treatment, targeting both mental and perceived physical health concerns as discussed in the case study.

67) Vyayamashakti (Vyayamasakti, Vyayama-shakti):
Vyayama-shakti denotes the capacity for physical exertion or exercise. This term is critical in Ayurvedic medicine, where physical activity plays a role in mental health. Variations in 'Vyayama-shakti' may affect treatment plans, showcasing the importance of physical wellness in combating conditions like MDD.

68) Shankhapushpi (Sankhapuspi, Samkhapuspi):
Shankhapushpi is an Ayurvedic herb known for its cognitive and memory-enhancing properties. Emphasizing its use in the study, it is integral to treatment protocols for elevating mental clarity and addressing symptoms associated with MDD, indicating the role of specific herbs in mental health.

69) Nidanasthana (Nidana-sthana):
Nidana-sthana refers to a portion of Ayurvedic texts that detail the diagnoses of diseases, including their causes. This foundational understanding aids practitioners in identifying and addressing the underlying issues contributing to conditions like MDD, enhancing treatment efficacy.

70) Prishniparni (Prsniparni, Prishni-parni):
Prishniparni is an Ayurvedic herb known for its beneficial effects on balance and vitality. Its inclusion in treatment regimens for MDD reflects the aim of employing herbal remedies that holistically address both mental clarity and physical well-being in patients.

71) Aharashakti (Aharasakti, Ahara-shakti):
Ahara-shakti indicates the strength and quality of an individual's diet. It underscores the essential role of nutrition in Ayurvedic practices, establishing connections between dietary habits and their impact on mental health, particularly in managing conditions such as MDD.

72) Dhanvantari (Dhanvamtari):
Dhanvantari is regarded as the physician of the gods in Ayurveda and symbolizes health and medicine. References to Dhanvantari in the study reinforce the traditional roots of Ayurvedic practice, advocating for its relevance in contemporary treatment methodologies for mental health issues.

73) Daruharidra (Daru-haridra):
Daruharidra, also known as Berberis aristata, is a herb valued for its purifying and revitalizing properties. Its applications in Ayurvedic treatment for MDD reflect the belief in using natural substances to promote mental clarity and overall health.

74) Madhuyashti (Madhu-yashti, Madhuyasti):
Madhuyashti, or Licorice, is an important herb mentioned as part of the Ayurvedic treatment regimen. Its inclusion signifies the reliance on well-known herbs with antimicrobial and soothing properties in managing mental disorders, emphasizing the holistic approach fundamental to Ayurveda.

75) Haritakyadi:
Haritakyadi refers to a class of Ayurvedic formulations based on the fruit of Terminalia chebula (Haritaki). It is recognized for its digestive and detoxifying qualities, which can indirectly support mental health by improving physical health, thus aiding in the management of conditions like MDD.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 146]